RESUMO
This review summarizes the results of the activities which have taken place in 2014 within the Standard Model Working Group of the "What Next" Workshop organized by INFN, Italy. We present a framework, general questions, and some indications of possible answers on the main issue for Standard Model physics in the LHC era and in view of possible future accelerators.
RESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the efficacy of electromotive administration (EMDA) of intravesical mitomycin-C (MMC) in patients with superficial bladder tumors and to evaluate the toxicity of the treatment. METHODS: Thirteen patients with multifocal Stages Ta-T1 and G1-G2 transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the bladder, primary or recurrent (group A), received MMC 40 mg (retained in the bladder for 2 hours) once a week for 8 weeks. Fifteen patients with the same characteristics (group B) were treated with EMDA/MMC at a current of 15 mA for 20 minutes once a week for 8 weeks. All lesions in the bladder except one (marker) were resected in each patient. RESULTS: In group A, 5 of 12 patients (41.6%) demonstrated complete macroscopic and histologic disappearance of the marker lesion (complete response [CR]). In group B, 6 of 15 patients (40%) had a similar CR. Recurrence rate in responders was 60% in group A versus 33% in group B after 7.6 and 6 months, respectively. Disease-free interval was 14.5 months in the EMDA/MMC group compared to 10.5 months in the MMC group. Side effects were few. CONCLUSIONS: In intermediate risk patients with TCC of the bladder, EMDA/MMC was not superior to MMC alone with a CR rate of 41% versus 41.6%. In responders, a lower recurrence rate and a longer disease-free interval were observed in the EMDA/MMC group.
Assuntos
Antibióticos Antineoplásicos/administração & dosagem , Carcinoma de Células de Transição/tratamento farmacológico , Mitomicina/administração & dosagem , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/tratamento farmacológico , Administração Intravesical , Idoso , Carcinoma de Células de Transição/patologia , Eletricidade , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Neoplasias da Bexiga Urinária/patologiaRESUMO
Some improvements on a machine used in the steel cord industry are described. The main ergonomic problems found in a department with such machines are the high noise and heat. The noise produced by the machine and by its components was studied and an enclosure containing the most noisy parts was built. In order to reduce the heat released by the machine at the man's level ( approximately 2600 kcal/h) a system which carries the hot air up to 2.5 meters was studied. Such a system, which reduces by about 50% the heat released at the man's level, works by exploiting some of the energy absorbed by the machine itself.