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1.
Int J Eat Disord ; 57(7): 1542-1554, 2024 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38469980

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The association between eating disorders (EDs) and harmful substance use (substance use that causes psychosocial impairment) is well recognized in the literature, and military veterans may be at heightened risk for both issues due to deployment-related stressors. However, little is known about which ED-related symptoms are associated with harmful substance use in veterans, and whether gender plays a differential role in this relationship. Our aims were to: (1) examine gender differences in ED-related symptoms; and (2) examine whether ED-related symptoms differentially predict harmful substance use in US veteran men and women who had recently separated from service. METHOD: This study was based on a nationally representative four-wave longitudinal sample of post-9/11 veterans (N = 835; 61.2% female). Longitudinal mixed modeling was used to test whether specific ED-related behaviors at baseline predicted harmful substance use at follow-ups. RESULTS: We replicated gendered patterns of ED-related symptoms observed in civilian populations, wherein men had higher weight-and-body-related concerns (including excessive exercise and muscle building) and negative attitude toward obesity, and women had higher bulimic and restricting symptoms. For women, alcohol, drug, and marijuana problems were predicted by higher bulimic symptoms, whereas for men, these problems were predicted by higher restricting symptoms. CONCLUSION: Gender played a differential role in the relationship between EDs and harmful substance use. Bulimic symptoms were the most robust predictor for harmful substance use among veteran women, whereas restricting was the most robust predictor for harmful substance use among veteran men. PUBLIC SIGNIFICANCE: The current study found that veteran women had higher bulimic symptoms (characterized by binge eating and purging) and restricting than veteran men. In women, bulimic symptoms predicted future harmful use of alcohol, marijuana, and other drugs. In contrast, veteran men had higher weight-and-body-related concerns (characterized by excessive exercise and muscle building) than veteran women. In men, restricting symptoms predicted future harmful use of alcohol, marijuana, and other drugs.


Assuntos
Transtornos da Alimentação e da Ingestão de Alimentos , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias , Veteranos , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Veteranos/psicologia , Veteranos/estatística & dados numéricos , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias/epidemiologia , Transtornos da Alimentação e da Ingestão de Alimentos/epidemiologia , Transtornos da Alimentação e da Ingestão de Alimentos/psicologia , Adulto , Estados Unidos/epidemiologia , Estudos Longitudinais , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores Sexuais
2.
J Subst Abuse Treat ; 29(1): 55-64, 2005 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15979532

RESUMO

This article reports on the development of the Addiction Counseling Self-Efficacy Scale (ACSES) through two studies. Exploratory factor analysis yielded a five-factor solution that accounted for 65% of the variance. The five factors obtained assess various aspects of addiction counselors' perceived self-efficacy for working with clients in the areas of (a) specific addiction counseling skills, (b) assessment, treatment planning, and referral skills, (c) co-occurring disorders skills, (c) group counseling skills, and (d) basic counseling skills. Reliability estimates suggest that the ACSES is internally reliable. Initial criterion validity is supported through comparisons of certified/licensed and noncertified/licensed addiction counselors on ACSES scores and among level of expertise in the addiction field, specific work activities, and ACSES scores. Preliminary evidence indicates that the ACSES is a reliable and valid instrument to use when assessing addiction counselors' self-efficacy for working with clients. The next steps in the development of ACSES are also discussed.


Assuntos
Aconselhamento/métodos , Autoeficácia , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias/prevenção & controle , Inquéritos e Questionários , Adulto , Idoso , Emprego , Análise Fatorial , Estudos de Viabilidade , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Psicoterapia de Grupo/métodos , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias/diagnóstico
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