Effects of fluorescent protein tdTomato on mouse retina.

Fluorescent proteins (FPs) have been widely used to investigate cellular and molecular interactions and trace biological events in many applications. Some of the FPs have been demonstrated to cause undesirable cellular damage by light-induced ROS production in vivo or in vitro. However, it remains unknown if one of the most popular FPs, tdTomato, has similar effects in neuronal cells. In this study, we discovered that tdTomato expression led to unexpected retinal dysfunction and ultrastructural defects in the transgenic mouse retina. The retinal dysfunction mainly manifested in the reduced photopic electroretinogram (ERG) responses and decreased contrast sensitivity in visual acuity, caused by mitochondrial damages characterized with cellular redistribution, morphological modifications and molecular profiling alterations. Taken together, our findings for the first time demonstrated the retinal dysfunction and ultrastructural defects in the retinas of tdTomato-transgenic mice, calling for a more careful design and interpretation of experiments involved in FPs.

Role of Hydrophobic Modification in Spermine-Based Poly(ß-amino ester)s for siRNA Delivery and Their Spray-Dried Powders for Inhalation and Improved Storage.

After RNAi was first discovered over 20 years ago, siRNA-based therapeutics are finally becoming reality. However, the delivery of siRNA has remained a challenge. In our previous research, we found that spermine-based poly(ß-amino ester)s are very promising for siRNA delivery. However, the role of hydrophobic modification in siRNA delivery of spermine-based poly(ß-amino ester)s is not fully understood yet. In the current work, we synthesized spermine-based poly(ß-amino ester)s with different percentages of oleylamine side chains, named P(SpOABAE). The chemical structures of the polymers were characterized by 1H NMR. The polymers showed efficient siRNA encapsulation determined by SYBR Gold assays. The hydrodynamic diameters of the P(SpOABAE) polyplexes from charge ratio N/P 1 to 20 were 30-100 nm except for aggregation phenomena observed at N/P 3. Morphology of the polyplexes was visualized by atomic force microscopy, and cellular uptake was determined by flow cytometry in H1299 cells, where all the polyplexes showed significantly higher cellular uptake than hyperbranched polyethylenimine (25 kDa). The most hydrophobic P(SpOABAE) polyplexes were able to achieve more than 90% GFP knockdown in H1299/eGFP cells. The fact that gene silencing efficacy increased with hydrophobicity but cellular uptake was affected by both charge and hydrophobic interactions highlights the importance of endosomal escape. For pulmonary administration and improved storage stability, the polyplexes were spray-dried. Results confirmed the maintained siRNA activity after storage for 3 months at room temperature, indicating potential for dry powder inhalation.

Immunoprotective efficacy evaluation of OmpTS subunit vaccine against Aeromonas hydrophila infection in Megalobrama amblycephala.

Bacterial septicemia in freshwater fish is mainly caused by Aeromonas hydrophila infection, which affects the development of aquaculture industry. In the context of sustainable aquaculture, subunit vaccines are of great values because they play positive roles in reducing the overuse of antibiotics and protecting aquatic animals against bacterial infection. In this study, the recombinant outer membrane protein OmpTS of A. hydrophila were used as subunit vaccine to immunize Megalobrama amblycephala, and its immunoprotective effect and host immune responses were evaluated. The survival rates of the vaccinated groups after bacterial infection were significantly higher than that of the control group, especially of the OmpTS high-dose vaccinated group. The better protective effects of vaccinated groups might be attributed to the increased levels of serum IgM-specific antibody titer, the reduced relative abundance of A. hydrophila in various tissues, the increased number of immune-positive cells with different epitopes, the up-regulated expression levels of immune-related genes, and the enhanced activities of antibacterial enzymes. In conclusion, OmpTS subunit vaccine could strongly induce host immune responses in M. amblycephala, thereby enhancing both cellular and humoral immunity, which exhibited excellent and effective immunoprotective efficacy.

Arsenic exposure induced renal fibrosis via regulation of mitochondrial dynamics and the NLRP3-TGF-ß1/SMAD signaling pathway.

Environmental arsenic exposure is one of the major global public health problems. Studies have shown that arsenic exposure can cause renal fibrosis, but the underlying mechanism is still unclear. Integrating the in vivo and in vitro models, this study investigated the potential molecular pathways for arsenic-induced renal fibrosis. In this study, SD rats were treated with 0, 5, 25, 50, and 100 mg/L NaAsO2 for 8 weeks via drinking water, and HK2 cells were treated with different doses of NaAsO2 for 48 h. The in vivo results showed that arsenic content in the rats' kidneys increased as the dose increased. Body weight decreased and kidney coefficient increased at 100 mg/L. As a response to the elevated NaAsO2 dose, inflammatory cell infiltration, renal tubular injury, glomerular atrophy, tubulointerstitial hemorrhage, and fibrosis became more obvious indicated by HE and Masson staining. The kidney transcriptome profiles further supported the protein-protein interactions involved in NaAsO2-induced renal fibrosis. The in vivo results, in together with the in vitro experiments, have revealed that exposure to NaAsO2 disturbed mitochondrial dynamics, promoted mitophagy, activated inflammation and the TGF-ß1/SMAD signaling pathway, and finally resulted in fibrosis. In summary, arsenic exposure contributed to renal fibrosis via regulating the mitochondrial dynamics and the NLRP3-TGF-ß1/SMAD signaling axis. This study presented an adverse outcome pathway for the development of renal fibrosis due to arsenic exposure through drinking water.

Engineering of Hole Transporting Interface by Incorporating the Atomic-Precision Ag6 Nanoclusters for High-Efficiency Blue Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes.

Properties of the underlying hole transport layer (HTL) play a crucial role in determining the optoelectronic performance of perovskite light-emitting devices (PeLEDs). However, endowing the current HTL system with a deep highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) level concurrent with high hole mobility is still a big challenge, in particular being an open constraint toward high-efficiency blue PeLEDs. In this regard, employing the poly(9-vinylcarbazole) as a model, we perform efficient incorporation of the atomic-precision metal nanoclusters (NCs), [Ag6PL6, PL = (S)-4-phenylthiazolidine-2-thione], to achieve significant tailoring in both HOMO energy level and hole mobility. As a result, the as-modified PeLEDs exhibit an external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 14.29% at 488 nm. The presented study exemplifies the success of metal NC involved HTL engineering and offers a simple yet effective additive strategy to settle the blue PeLED HTL dilemma, which paves the way for the fabrication of highly efficient blue PeLEDs.

Magnetic Field-Assisted Interface Embedding Strategy to Construct 2D/3D Composite Structure for Stable Perovskite Solar Cells with Efficiency Over 24.

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) based on 2D/3D composite structure have shown enormous potential to combine high efficiency of 3D perovskite with high stability of 2D perovskite. However, there are still substantial non-radiative losses produced from trap states at grain boundaries or on the surface of conventional 2D/3D composite structure perovskite film, which limits device performance and stability. In this work, a multifunctional magnetic field-assisted interfacial embedding strategy is developed to construct 2D/3D composite structure. The composite structure not only improves crystallinity and passivates defects of perovskite layer, but also can efficiently promote vertical hole transport and provide lateral barrier effect. Meanwhile, the composite structure also forms a good surface and internal encapsulation of 3D perovskite to inhibit water diffusion. As a result, the multifunctional effect effectively improves open-circuit voltage and fill factor, reaching maximum values of 1.246 V and 81.36%, respectively, and finally achieves power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 24.21%. The unencapsulated devices also demonstrate highly improved long-term stability and humidity stability. Furthermore, an augmented performance of 21.23% is achieved, which is the highest PCE of flexible device based on 2D/3D composite perovskite films coupled with the best mechanical stability due to the 2D/3D alternating structure.

Biodegradation of Imazethapyr by Bacterial Strain IM9601 Isolated from Agricultural Soil.

The widespread utilization of the herbicide imazethapyr presents significant challenges to crop rotation and results in detrimental soil degradation issues. Bacterial biodegradation has emerged as a promising and eco-friendly approach for mitigating pesticide residues contamination in the environment. In this study, a novel bacterium, identified as Brevibacterium sp. IM9601, was isolated and characterized based on morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics, as well as 16S rRNA gene sequence. This strain exhibited the ability to utilize imazethapyr as its sole carbon source for growth. Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize the degradation conditions. The most favorable conditions were determined to be a temperature of 27 °C, pH of 6.0, and an initial inoculum with a final OD600 of 0.15. Under these optimized condition, bacterial strain IM9601 exhibited substantial imazethapyr degradation, with removal rates of 90.08 and 87.05% for initial imazethapyr concentrations of 50 and 100 mg L-1, respectively, achieved within a 5-day incubation period. This investigation highlights imazethapyr-degrading capabilities of the Brevibacterium genus bacterial strain IM9601, marking it as a potentially novel and effective solution for addressing the environmental pollution resulting from the usage of imazethapyr. The study contributes to the growing body of research on bioremediation approaches, offering a sustainable and environmentally friendly method for mitigating the adverse impacts of herbicide contamination in agricultural settings.

A Qualitative Study in Family Units on Organ Donation: Attitude, Influencing Factors and Communication Patterns.

This study aimed to analyze the attitude, influencing factors and communication patterns of organ donation in Chinses families. We conducted in-depth interviews with 97 participants from 26 families in China from August 2018 to October 2020. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed by the researchers. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data and Nvivo 12 was used to catalog coded data. Thirty-eight participants indicated that they would like to be a donor while the majority were unlikely to donate. Among those who were willing to donate, some disagreed with family members to donate organs. Themes found included attitude, the timing of thinking, taboo and fear, traditional beliefs, ethics and family communication patterns. Lack of knowledge, fear, taboo, some traditional beliefs and mistrust may discourage donation. Altruism and policy which is good for the family seem to encourage donation. We also constructed three family communication patterns to provide a deeper understanding of the family in China. This is the first qualitative study that analyzed attitude, influencing factors and communication patterns based on family units in China mainland. Our findings showed that family comes first in Chinese. We suggest that family-based consent and incentives are more suitable for the Chinese social context.

A gold nanoparticle-based lateral flow immunoassay for atrazine point-of-care detection using a handhold scanning device as reader.

A method is described to achieve accurate quantitative detection of atrazine (ATZ) in maize by using lateral flow strips based on gold nanoparticles (GNPs) and a handheld scanning reader. GNPs of 15 nm in diameter were applied as label, and a lateral flow immune assay strip was prepared. The linear range was 5.01-95.86 ng mL-1 with a detection limit of 4.92 ng mL-1 in phosphate buffer, 4 times better than the readout by the naked eye. ATZ-spiked corn samples were also analysed. The accuracy of results of spiked samples was confirmed by ELISA and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC), which proved the reliability of the proposed method. A handhold device with an optical scanning system was designed for on-site quantitative detection. Combined with the pretreatment, the assay could be completed in less than 20 min.

Detection of 4 quinolone antibiotics by chemiluminescence based on a novel Nor-Biotin bifunctional ligand and SA-ALP technology.

A simple and effective direct competitive chemiluminescence immunoassay for the detection of 4 kinds of quinolone antibiotics in milk was established using Nor-Biotin (biotin-modified norfloxacin [NOR]) bifunctional ligand and alkaline phosphatase-conjugated streptavidin signal amplification technology. The polyclonal antibody was obtained after the immunization of New Zealand White rabbits using norfloxacin-derived antigen. "Click chemistry" was used for the rapid and facile synthesis of the Nor-Biotin bifunctional ligand. After the optimization of the incubation time and reaction buffer, the direct competitive chemiluminescence assay method was developed and used for sensitive detection of 4 kinds of quinolone drugs (NOR, pefloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and danofloxacin). The IC50 of the 4 kinds of quinolone drugs ranged from 7.35 to 24.27 ng/mL, and the lowest detection limits ranged from 0.05 to 0.16 ng/mL, which were below their maximum residue levels, approved by the EU for treatment of food-producing animals. To demonstrate the applicability of the assay, artificially contaminated milk samples with the 4 quinolone drugs were analyzed. The mean recovery rates of the drugs ranged from 86.31% to 112.11%.

High power LP11 mode supercontinuum generation from an all-fiber MOPA.

High power LP11 mode supercontinuum is generated from 25/250 large mode area (LMA) fiber. A mechanical long period grating (LPG) is utilized to control the transverse modes in the LMA fiber to realize the LP11 mode supercontinuum generation in a master oscillator power amplifier (MOPA) configuration. The generated LP11 mode supercontinuum covers the spectral range from ~900 nm to ~2100 nm with a -30-dB spectral width of ~1200 nm and 50% optical to optical conversion efficiency. The seed laser produces picosecond pulses with 1 MHz repetition rate at the wavelength of 1060 nm. After multi-stage amplification in ytterbium-doped fibers, the average output power is scaled to 54.51 W and 56.79 W respectively for LP11 and LP01 mode, accompanying supercontinuum generation. Obvious difference of supercontinuum generation between the LP01 and LP11 modes is experimentally observed due to the different dispersion characters.

Effect on absorption and electron transfer by using Cd(ii) or Cu(ii) complexes with phenanthroline as auxiliary electron acceptors (A) in D-A-π-A motif sensitizers for dye-sensitized solar cells.

To broaden the absorption spectrum, improve intramolecular electronic push-pull balance capability, enhance electron transfer and promote the photovoltaic performances of dye sensitizers, four new polymeric metal complex dyes (PBDTT-PhenCd, PBDTT-PhenCu, PPV-PhenCd and PPV-PhenCu) with donor-acceptor-π-bridge-acceptor (D-A-π-A) structure were designed and synthesized. These dyes, for the first time, used the complexes of Cd(ii) or Cu(ii) with phenanthroline as auxiliary electron acceptors (A) instead of organic electron withdrawing groups and adopted thienylbenzo [1,2-b:4,5-b'] dithiophene (BDTT) or hydroquinone (PV) derivatives as electron donors (D) and 8-quinolinol derivatives as π bridge and acceptors (A). The impacts of different auxiliary electron acceptors (A) of metal complexes due to their thermal, optical, electrochemical properties and photovoltaic performance were also investigated. The best power conversion efficiency of 6.68% was achieved in PBDTT-PhenCd DSSC device. In addition, all dyes showed outstanding thermal stability (Td > 300 °C). The results revealed that these novel polymeric metal complex dyes are potential materials for constructing new sensitizers of high performance.

A role of ROS-dependent defects in mitochondrial dynamic and autophagy in carbon black nanoparticle-mediated myocardial cell damage.

Carbon black nanoparticles (CBNPs) are widely distributed in the environment and are increasingly recognized as a contributor in the development of cardiovascular disease. A variety of cardiac injuries and diseases result from structural and functional damage to cardiomyocytes. This study explored the mechanisms of CBNPs-mediated myocardial toxicity. CBNPs were given to mice through intra-tracheal instillation and it was demonstrated that the particles can be taken up into the cardiac tissue. Exposure to CBNPs induced cardiomyocyte inflammation and apoptosis. In combination with in vitro experiments, we showed that CBNPs increased the ROS and induced mitochondria fragmentation. Functionally, CBNPs-exposed cardiomyocyte exhibited depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane potential, release of cytochrome c, and activation of pro-apoptotic BAX, thereby initiating programmed cell death. On the other hand, CBNPs impaired autophagy, leading to the inadequate removal of dysfunctional mitochondria. The excess accumulation of damaged mitochondria further stimulated NF-κB activation and triggered the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. Both the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine and the autophagy activator rapamycin were effective to attenuate the damage of CBNPs on cardiomyocytes. Taken together, this study elucidated the potential mechanism underlying CBNPs-induced myocardial injury and provided a scientific reference for the evaluation and prevention of the CBNPs-related heart risk.

RNA fusion in human retinal development.

Chimeric RNAs have been found in both cancerous and healthy human cells. They have regulatory effects on human stem/progenitor cell differentiation, stemness maintenance, and central nervous system development. However, whether they are present in human retinal cells and their physiological functions in the retinal development remain unknown. Based on the human embryonic stem cell-derived retinal organoids (ROs) spanning from days 0 to 120, we present the expression atlas of chimeric RNAs throughout the developing ROs. We confirmed the existence of some common chimeric RNAs and also discovered many novel chimeric RNAs during retinal development. We focused on CTNNBIP1-CLSTN1 (CTCL) whose downregulation caused precocious neuronal differentiation and a marked reduction of neural progenitors in human cerebral organoids. CTCL is universally present in human retinas, ROs, and retinal cell lines, and its loss-of-function biases the progenitor cells toward retinal pigment epithelial cell fate at the expense of retinal cells. Together, this work provides a landscape of chimeric RNAs and reveals evidence for their critical role in human retinal development.

A novel yeast-based biosensor for the quick determination of Deoxynivalenol.

Mycotoxins are commonly found in food materials and severely threaten human health. Antibodies play a key role as a part of immunological techniques in detecting mycotoxins. Therefore, highly specific antibodies and detection techniques against mycotoxins need to be developed for advancements in medical research. In this study, we presented a novel strategy for quickly screening highly specific antigen-binding fragment (Fab) antibodies based on yeast surface display (YSD) and detecting small-molecule compounds based on a YSD biosensor. We constructed a yeast surface display Deoxynivalenol (DON)-Fab library with 105 cfu/mL with a galactose-inducible bidirectional promoter. By conducting efficient magnetic-activated cell sorting and fluorescence-activated cell sorting (MACS/FACS), four kinds of DON-selective yeasts were screened. As Fab@YSD C4# showed high sensitivity, we used it to build a one-pot Fab@YSD chemiluminescence biosensor with DON-BSA@Biotin and Streptavidin-alkaline phosphatase (SA-ALP). This method showed a low operational threshold (LOD = 0.166 pg/mL) and a high population range (linear range = 0.001-132.111 ng/mL) within 40 min, which facilitated the detection of DON with high specificity and better recovery in real samples (wheat, corn, flour, and cornmeal). Our results suggested that the Fab@YSD chemiluminescence biosensor is an inexpensive, reproducible, user-friendly, and sensitive method for detecting DON and may be used to quickly detect other small-molecule contaminants in food items.

Distribution characteristics of mercury concentration and estimation of mercury pools in different age groups of Larix gmelinii forests of Daxing'an Mountain.

Forests are important sinks of atmospheric mercury. Quantifying mercury pools in forest ecosystem tissues are essential for understanding the global mercury cycle. To reveal the characteristics of Hg concentration and Hg pool distribution in natural forests at different ages, samples from the vegetation layer, organic horizons, coarse wood debris, and mineral soil layers were collected in young forest, middle forest, near-mature forest, and mature forest of Larix gmelinii forests at the Daxing'an Mountain. The results showed that there were differences in the absorption and accumulation of Hg by different tree species and tissues. In Larix gmelinii, the concentration of Hg followed the order of bark > branch > leaf > root > core, whereas in Betula platyphylla, the order was bark > leaf > branch > root > core. The mercury concentration in the organic horizons increased gradually with the decomposition process. There were no obvious regular patterns in the mercury concentrations of each tissue in different age groups Larix gmelinii forests. Furthermore, total biomass mercury pools (overstory, shrub layer, herb layer, moss layer, and coarse woody debris （CWD）) in the young, middle, near-mature, and mature forests of Larix gmelinii forests at Daxing'an Mountain were estimated to be 99.0 µg m-2，207 µg m-2，207 µg m-2 and 194 µg m-2, respectively. On ecosystem scale, total mercury pools were 16.9 mg m-2 (young), 27.5 mg m-2 (middle), 17.0 mg m-2 (near-mature), and 11.8 mg m-2(mature). The mineral soil mercury pool accounts for 94.0%-98.1% of the total ecosystem mercury pool, and its mercury pool proportion gradually decreased with the increase in forest age. These obtained results are quite valuable for further assessing the role of forest ecosystems in the atmospheric mercury cycle and estimating potential mercury emissions from biomass burning during forest wildfires.

High-resolution atmospheric mercury emission from open biomass burning in China: Integration of localized emission factors and multi-source finer resolution remote sensing data.

Mercury (Hg) emissions from open biomass burning represent one of the largest Hg inputs to the atmosphere, with considerable effects on the atmospheric Hg budget. However, there is currently large uncertainty in the inventory of Hg emissions from open biomass burning in China due to limitations on the coarse resolution of burned area products, rough biomass data, and the unavailability of suitable emission factors (EFs). In this study, we developed high tempo-spatial resolution (30 m) and long time-series (2000-2019) atmospheric Hg emission inventories from open biomass burning using the Global Annual Burned Area Map (GABAM) product, high-resolution biomass map, Landsat-based tree cover datasets as well as local EFs in China. The results showed that the average annual Hg emission from open biomass burning in China amounted to 172.6 kg during 2000-2019, with a range of 63-398.5 kg. The largest Hg emissions were found in cropland (72%), followed by forest (25.9%), and grassland (2.1%). On a regional level, Northeast China (NE) and Southwest China (SW) were the two main contributors, together accounting for more than 60% of total Hg emissions. The temporal distribution of Hg emissions showed that the peaks occurred in 2003 and 2014. This is a comprehensive estimation of Hg emissions from open biomass burning in China by integrating various high-resolution remotely sensed data and nationwide localized EFs, which has important implications for understanding the role of open biomass burning in China in regional and global atmospheric Hg budget.

The Screening of the Protective Antigens of Aeromonas hydrophila Using the Reverse Vaccinology Approach: Potential Candidates for Subunit Vaccine Development.

The threat of bacterial septicemia caused by Aeromonas hydrophila infection to aquaculture growth can be prevented through vaccination, but differences among A. hydrophila strains may affect the effectiveness of non-conserved subunit vaccines or non-inactivated A. hydrophila vaccines, making the identification and development of conserved antigens crucial. In this study, a bioinformatics analysis of 4268 protein sequences encoded by the A. hydrophila J-1 strain whole genome was performed based on reverse vaccinology. The specific analysis included signal peptide prediction, transmembrane helical structure prediction, subcellular localization prediction, and antigenicity and adhesion evaluation, as well as interspecific and intraspecific homology comparison, thereby screening the 39 conserved proteins as candidate antigens for A. hydrophila vaccine. The 9 isolated A. hydrophila strains from diseased fish were categorized into 6 different molecular subtypes via enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC)-PCR technology, and the coding regions of 39 identified candidate proteins were amplified via PCR and sequenced to verify their conservation in different subtypes of A. hydrophila and other Aeromonas species. In this way, conserved proteins were screened out according to the comparison results. Briefly, 16 proteins were highly conserved in different A. hydrophila subtypes, of which 2 proteins were highly conserved in Aeromonas species, which could be selected as candidate antigens for vaccines development, including type IV pilus secretin PilQ (AJE35401.1) and TolC family outer membrane protein (AJE35877.1). The present study screened the conserved antigens of A. hydrophila by using reverse vaccinology, which provided basic foundations for developing broad-spectrum protective vaccines of A. hydrophila.

REG1A protects retinal photoreceptors from blue light damage.

With the increased use of artificial light and the prolonged use of optoelectronic products, light damage (LD) to the human retina has been identified as a global vision-threatening problem. While there is evidence of a significant correlation between light-induced retinal damage and age-related vision impairment in age-related macular degeneration, it is unclear how light-induced retinal degeneration manifests itself and whether there are agents capable of preventing the development of LD in the retina. This study investigated a mechanism by which blue light leads to photoreceptor death. By observing blue light exposure in retinal organoids and photoreceptor cells, we concluded that there could be significant apoptosis of the photoreceptors. We demonstrate that regenerating islet-derived 1 alpha (REG1A) prevents photoreceptors from undergoing this LD-induced apoptosis by increasing expression of the anti-apoptotic gene Bcl2 and downregulating expression of the pro-apoptotic gene Bax, resulting in reduced mitochondrial damage and improved aerobic capacity in photoreceptor cells. For the first time, REG1A has been shown to restore mitochondrial function and cell apoptosis after LD-induced damage, suggesting its potential application in the prevention and treatment of retinal vision loss.

Arsenic exposure caused male infertility indicated by testis and sperm metabolic dysfunction in SD rats.

Arsenic containment is one of the most severe environmental problems. It has been reported that arsenic exposure could cause male reproductive damage. However, the evidence chain from sodium arsenite (NaAsO2) exposure to adverse male fertility outcomes has not been completed by molecular events. In this study, adult male rats were exposed to NaAsO2 for eight weeks via drinking water for verifying their reproductive capacity by checking the phenotypes of testis damage, sperm quality, and female pregnancy rate. H&E staining indicated testicular cells had atrophied, and necrosis was observed under transmission electron microscopy. Sperm viability tended to decrease, and sperm malformation increased. Notably, metabolites in the testes and sperm showed substantial disruption, especially sperm metabolites. The pregnancy rate tests showed that arsenic decreased male rats' reproduction, with some adverse outcomes of the increased numbers of unpregnant females. However, the fetal crown-rump length remained unaltered, indicating that the pregnancy rate was impacted by arsenic exposure but not fetal growth. On arsenic toxicometabolomics analysis, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in sperm was the clearest metabolic sign to correlate with the unpregnant rate. In summary, arsenic exposure can cause male infertility via the injured sperm, which results in decreased female pregnancy. The DHA information may imply the dietary intervention for improving sperm quality. Although the fetal growth of the successful pregnancy has not been affected, the changes in epigenetic phenotypes carried by sperms still need to be verified.