[Squamous cell carcinoma secondary to Buruli ulcer in West Africa]. / Carcinomes épidermoïdes sur cicatrices d'ulcère de Buruli en Afrique de l'Ouest.

BACKGROUND: Buruli ulcer is an infection caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans occurring in tropical areas. In West Africa, it is an emerging threat mainly affecting children aged under 15years. This chronic disease is complicated by dystrophic scars in which squamous cell carcinoma can occur in the long term. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This is a retrospective study of squamous cell carcinomas in Buruli ulcer scars seen at the Treichville University Hospital (Abidjan, Ivory Coast) over a five-year period. RESULTS: During the study period, 8cases were observed and concerned young adults presenting Buruli ulcer in their childhood. Tumours were restricted to the limbs, with loco-regional invasion. Treatment was primarily surgical. Four of the patients died. DISCUSSION: The risk of recurrence of cancer in these scars remains poorly evaluated, highlighting the importance of long-term monitoring strategies for human patients in order to ensure rapid identification of any changes in Buruli ulcer scars.

[Necrotizing fasciitis of the breast and HIV infection. A case report]. / Fasciite nécrosante du sein: une observation chez une personne vivant avec le VIH en Côte d'Ivoire.

Necrotizing fasciitis is a severe soft tissue infection caused by flesh-eating bacteria. It usually occurs on the lower limbs. The purpose of this report is to describe a case involving Streptococcus pyogenes on the breast of a 22-year-old African woman with HIV.

[An uncommon localization of pyoderma gangrenosum on the penis of an HIV infected patient in the Ivory Coast]. / L'atteinte du pénis, une localisation rare du pyoderma gangrenosum: à propos d'un cas chez un patient immunodéprimé par le VIH en Côte d'Ivoire.

Pyoderma gangrenosum is an uncommon chronic ulcerative dermatosis with unknown aetiology and with a pathology which is still obscure. In 15-45% of cases, it is related to intestinal chronic inflammatory disease (MICI), to a systemic disease that it can sometimes reveals or to an immunodeficiency This disease starts whether with a pustule, a bubble or a nodule which leads during its evolvement to a superficial ulceration with clear edges. Its diagnosis is easy and is mainly clinical. It is a disease which is localized preferably in lower limbs. Treatment is mainly based on oral route corticotherapy. We report a case of gangrenosum pyoderma localized on the penis in a 43-year-old HIV infected patient. It is an uncommon localization, misleading and delicate. We have treated successfully this patient by oral corticotherapy combined with local antiseptic treatments for 6 months.

[Clinical-epidemiological profile of severe cutaneous drug reactions in children in Abidjan (Côte d'Ivoire)]. / Profil épidémio-clinique des toxidermies bulleuses chez l'enfant à Abidjan (Côte d'Ivoire).

Severe cutaneous drug reactions such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are life threatening in adults. They seem to be less common in children. The purpose of this study was to describe the epidemiological, clinical and etiological profile of these drug reactions in African child. It was about a retrospective study carried on for 10 years at the Dermatology center of University Hospital of Treichville, Abidjan (Cote d'Ivoire).Were included all children aged 0-15 years hospitalized for severe cutaneous drug reaction. They represented 14.1% (27 cases) with an estimated hospital rate of 0.01%. The sex ratio (M/F) was 1.2. The mean age was 10.3 years. 19 children were suffering from SJS (63%) and 9 children (33.3%) from TEN. Sulfonamides were the most commonly used drugs with sulfadoxin-pyrimethamin (25.9%), used for malariae, and cotrimoxazole (22.2%). Self-medication was practiced by 70.4% of parents. The average time to onset of lesions from drug intake was 8.2 days. Only one child was HIV infected. Three children affected by TEN (11.1%) died.

[Therapeutic features of cheloid scars at the Dermatology Unit of Treichville Teaching Hospital, Abidjan-Côte d'Ivoire]. / Aspects therapeutiques des cicatrices cheloïdiennes au centre de dermatologie du Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire de Treichville, Abidjan-ci.

CONTEXT: Cheloid scars are common in black African. Treatment is not adequately codified and chronicity of these cheloid scars is responsible for frequent recurrences. OBJECTIVE: To assess treatment of cheloid scars for their codification. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study has been conducted in the dermatology unit. It is a therapeutic and prognostic study over one year. All the patients bearing cheloid scars and who agree to take part in this study were included. RESULTS: Average age was 28 without any sex predominance. The most used treatment was the combination of surgery and corticoid injections in 66% of cases. We had achieved a rate of 94.5% of good results when combining injections, surgery and pressotherapy. CONCLUSION: Therapeutic method combining injection of corticoid to surgery and to other therapeutic means provide good outcomes. It should be done in accordance with the clinical features of the cheloid scar.