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A dysregulated inflammatory response contributes to the occurrence of disorders in cows during the transition period from pregnancy to lactation. However, a detailed characterization of clinically healthy cows that exhibit an enhanced inflammatory response during this critical period remains incomplete. In this experiment, a total of 99 individual transition dairy cows and 109 observations (18 cows monitored in 2 consecutive lactations), submitted to similar transition management were involved to evaluate the relationship between elevated an inflammatory response and metabolic and oxidative status, as well as transition outcomes. Blood was taken at -7, 3, 6, 9, and 21 DIM, and concentrations of metabolic parameters (glucose, ß-hydroxybutyric acid, nonesterified fatty acids [NEFA], insulin, IGF-1, and fructosamine) were analyzed. Additionally, oxidative parameters (proportion of oxidized glutathione to total glutathione in red blood cells, the activity of glutathione peroxidase [GPx] and superoxide dismutase, concentrations of malondialdehyde, and oxygen radical absorbance capacity) and acute phase proteins (APP) including haptoglobin (Hp), serum amyloid A (SAA) and albumin-to-globulin ratio (A:G) were determined in the blood at 21 DIM. The 3 APP parameters were used to group clinically healthy cows into 2 categories through k-medoids clustering (i.e., a group showing an acute phase response, APR; n = 39) and a group not showing such a response (i.e., non-APR; n = 50). Diseased cases (n = 20) were handled in a separate group. Lower SAA and Hp concentrations as well as higher A:G were observed in the non-APR group, although for Hp, differences were observed from the APR group and not from the diseased group. Only 1 of the 5 oxidative parameters differed between the groups, with the non-APR group exhibiting lower GPx activity compared with the diseased group. The non-APR group showed the highest IGF-1 levels among the 3 groups and and lower NEFA concentrations compared with the diseased groups. Cows in the diseased group also showed reduced dry matter intake and milk yield compared with clinically healthy cows, regardless of their inflammatory status. Moreover, the APR group exhibited temporarily lower activity levels compared with the non-APR group. These findings highlight that cows with a lower inflammatory status after 21 DIM exhibited better metabolic health characteristics and productive performance, as well as activity levels. Nevertheless, the detrimental effects of a higher inflammatory status in the absence of clinical symptoms are still relatively limited.
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Inflamação , Lactação , Animais , Feminino , Bovinos , Inflamação/veterinária , Inflamação/sangue , Ácidos Graxos não Esterificados/sangue , Reprodução , Gravidez , Estresse Oxidativo , Ácido 3-Hidroxibutírico/sangueRESUMO
High-yielding dairy cows encounter metabolic challenges in early lactation. Typically, ß-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), measured at a specific time point is employed to diagnose the metabolic status of cows based on a predetermined threshold. However, in early lactation, BHB is highly dynamic, and there is high interindividual variability in its time profile. This could limit the effectiveness of the single measurement and threshold-based diagnosis probably contributing to the disparities in reports linking metabolic status with productive and reproductive outcomes. This research delves into the examination of the trajectories of BHB to unveil inter-cow variations and identify latent metabolic groups. We compiled a data set from 2 observational studies involving a total of 195 lactations from multiparous Holstein Friesian cows. The data set encompasses measurements of BHB, NEFA, and insulin from blood samples collected at 3, 6, 9, and 21 d in milk (DIM), along with weekly determinations of milk composition and fatty acids (FA) proportions in milk fat. In both experiments, milk yield (MY) and feed intake were recorded daily during the first month of lactation. We explored interindividual and intraindividual variations in metabolic responses using the trajectories of blood BHB and evaluated the presence of distinct metabolic groups based on such variations. For this purpose, we employed the growth mixture model (GMM), a trajectory clustering technique. Our findings unveil novel insights into the diverse metabolic responses among cows, encompassing both trajectory patterns and the magnitude of blood BHB concentrations. Specifically, we identified 3 latent metabolic groups: the "QuiBHB" cluster (≈10%) exhibited a higher initial BHB concentration than other clusters, peaking on d 9 (average maximum BHB of 2.4 mM) and then declining by d 21; the "SloBHB" cluster (≈23%) started with a lower BHB concentration, gradually increasing until d 9, and at the highest BHB concentration at d 21 (1.6 mM serum BHB at the end of the experimental period); and the "LoBHB" cluster (≈67%) began with the lowest serum BHB concentration (serum BHB <0.75 mM), remaining relatively stable throughout the sampling period. Notably, the 3 metabolic groups exhibited significant physiological disparities, evident in blood NEFA and insulin concentrations. The QuiBHB and SloBHB cows exhibited higher NEFA and lower insulin concentrations as compared with the LoBHB cows. Interestingly, these metabolic differences extended to MY and DMI during the first month of lactation. The elevated BHB concentrations observed in QuiBHB cows were linked with lower DMI and MY as compared with SloBHB and LoBHB cows. Accordingly, these animals were considered metabolically impaired. Conversely, SloBHB cows displayed higher MY along with increased DMI, and thus the elevated BHB might be indicative of an adaptive response for these cows. The QuiBHB cows also displayed higher proportions of unsaturated FA (UFA), monounsaturated FA (MUFA), and total C18:1 FA in milk during the first week of lactation. Prediction of the QuiBHB cows using these FA and test day variables resulted in moderate predictive accuracy (ROCAUC > 0.7). Given the limited sample size for the development of prediction models, and the variation in DIM among samples in the same week, the result is indicative of the predictive potential of the model and room for model optimization. In summary, distinct metabolic groups of cows could be identified based on the trajectories of blood BHB in early lactation.
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Objectives: To explore the spatial distribution characteristics, trend changes, and spatial clustering of esophageal cancer among residents in China at the county (city, district) scale, a spatial epidemiological approach was used, with the aim of providing localized evidence for the prevention and treatment of esophageal cancer in China. Methods: The data source was the incidence (crude rate) and mortality (crude rate) of esophageal cancer from 2005 to 2016 in the 2008-2019 edition of China Cancer Registration Annual Report published by the National Cancer Center. The Joinpoint model was used for time trend analysis. The tumor registration area in 2016 was selected as the study area for spatial feature analysis, with a total of 487 counties (cities and districts), covering 27.6% of the national population. Spatial autocorrelation analysis was performed to reveal spatial distribution characteristics by using Arcgis 10.6 software, and spatial scanning statistics was used to analyze spatial clustering characteristics by using SaTScan 9.5 software. The log-likelihood ratio (LLR) and relative risk (RR) were calculated in different windows, and the region with the largest LLR value represented the most likely cluster. Results: From 2005 to 2016, the incidence and mortality rate of esophageal cancer in China showed a trend of increasing at first and then decreasing. The incidence and mortality rate of esophageal cancer in 2016 were characterized by spatial positive correlation. High incidence and high mortality were mainly concentrated in the areas through which the Huaihe River flowed. The primary clusters (taking high incidence rate as an example LLR=6 374.41, RR=2.37, Pï¼0.001) were mainly distributed in Jiangsu, Anhui and Shandong in eastern China and eastern Henan and southern Hebei in central China, and secondary clusters (taking high incidence rate as an example LLR=1 971.19, RR=1.91, Pï¼0.001) in Gansu, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Shaanxi, Sichuan and other central and western regions. Conclusions: The incidence and mortality of esophageal cancer in China have decreased since 2010. The disease burden of esophageal cancer has obvious spatial differences, and measures should be taken according to local conditions in high-risk cluster areas such as the Huaihe River basin.
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Neoplasias Esofágicas , Análise Espaço-Temporal , Neoplasias Esofágicas/epidemiologia , Neoplasias Esofágicas/patologia , Humanos , China/epidemiologia , Incidência , Análise por Conglomerados , Análise Espacial , MasculinoRESUMO
Objective: To investigate the effect of long-term oral aspirin on the changes in the aneurysm sac and persistent type â ¡ endoleak after endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) of infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysms based on propensity score-matched analysis. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was used to analyze the clinical data of 133 patients with infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysms treated with EVAR from January 2019 to December 2021 in the Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital. There were 113 males and 20 females, aged (74.8±7.2) years (range: 59 to 95 years). Patients were divided into the group receiving aspirin (n=80) and the group not taking aspirin (n=53) based on whether they took aspirin regularly for a long time after surgery. The two groups were matched in a 1â¶1 ratio using propensity score matching and the caliper value was 0.05. Cumulative probability curve was plotted using the Kaplan-Meier method and the Log-rank test was used to compare the differences in primary endpoint events (enlargement of the aneurysm sac, occurrence of persistent type â ¡ endoleak) and secondary endpoint events (adverse cardiovascular events and clinically relevant bleeding events) between the two groups. Results: A matched cohort was established after propensity score matching, resulting in 32 cases per group. The survival analysis found that the rate of aneurysm sac enlargement was significantly higher in the group receiving aspirin than in the group not taking aspirin (P=0.010), and the incidence of persistent type â ¡ endoleak was significantly higher than that in the group not taking aspirin (P=0.019). The incidence of adverse cardiovascular events and clinically relevant bleeding events were not significantly different in two groups (P=0.061,P=0.286). Conclusions: The risk of aneurysm sac expansion and persistent type â ¡ endoleak were significantly higher in patients taking long-term aspirin after EVAR than in the group not taking asprin. Therefore, high-risk abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) patients who are prone to aneurysm sac expansion should be evaluated in advance so that the risks and benefits of surgery can be comprehensively evaluated and treatment strategies can be optimized.
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Metabolic and oxidative stress have been characterized as risk factors during the transition period from pregnancy to lactation. Although mutual relations between both types of stress have been suggested, they rarely have been studied concomitantly. For this, a total of 99 individual transition dairy cows (117 cases, 18 cows sampled during 2 consecutive lactations) were included in this experiment. Blood samples were taken at -7, 3, 6, 9, and 21 d relative to calving and concentrations of metabolic parameters (glucose, ß-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA), nonesterified fatty acids, insulin, insulin-like growth factor 1, and fructosamine) were determined. In the blood samples of d 21, biochemical profiles related to liver function and parameters related to oxidative status were determined. First, cases were allocated to 2 different BHBA groups (ketotic vs. nonketotic, N:n = 20:33) consisting of animals with an average postpartum BHBA concentration and at least 2 out of 4 postpartum sampling points exceeding 1.2 mmol/L or remaining below 0.8 mmol/L, respectively. Second, oxidative parameters [proportion of oxidized glutathione to total glutathione in red blood cells (%)], activity of glutathione peroxidase, and of superoxide dismutase, concentrations of malondialdehyde and oxygen radical absorbance capacity were used to perform a fuzzy C-means clustering. From this, 2 groups were obtained [i.e., lower antioxidant ability (LAA80%, n = 31) and higher antioxidant ability (HAA80%, n = 19)], with 80% referring to the cutoff value for cluster membership. Increased concentrations of malondialdehyde, decreased superoxide dismutase activity, and impaired oxygen radical absorbance capacity were observed in the ketotic group compared with the nonketotic group, and inversely, the LAA80% group showed increased concentrations of BHBA. In addition, the concentration of aspartate transaminase was higher in the LAA80% group compared with the HAA80% group. Both the ketotic and LAA80% groups showed lower dry matter intake. However, a lower milk yield was observed in the LAA80% group but not in the ketotic group. Only 1 out of 19 (5.3%) and 3 out of 31 (9.7%) cases from the HAA80% and LAA80% clusters belong to the ketotic and nonketotic group, respectively. These findings suggested that dairy cows vary in oxidative status at the beginning of the lactation, and fuzzy C-means clustering allows to classify observations with distinctive oxidative status. Dairy cows with higher antioxidant capacity in early lactation rarely develop ketosis.
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Doenças dos Bovinos , Cetose , Gravidez , Feminino , Bovinos , Animais , Antioxidantes/análise , Lactação/metabolismo , Período Pós-Parto/metabolismo , Leite/química , Ácido 3-Hidroxibutírico , Cetose/veterinária , Superóxido Dismutase , Malondialdeído/análise , Ácidos Graxos não Esterificados , Doenças dos Bovinos/metabolismoRESUMO
Data on metabolic profiles of blood sampled at d 3, 6, 9, and 21 in lactation from 117 lactations (99 cows) were used for unsupervised k-means clustering. Blood metabolic parameters included ß-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), nonesterified fatty acids, glucose, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and insulin. Clustering relied on the average and range of the 5 blood parameters of all 4 sampling days. The clusters were labeled as imbalanced (n = 42) and balanced (n = 72) metabolic status based on the values of the blood parameters. Various random forest models were built to predict the metabolic cluster of cows during early lactation from the milk composition. All the models were evaluated using a leave-group-out cross-validation, meaning data from a single cow were always present in either train or test data to avoid any data leakage. Features were either milk fatty acids (MFA) determined by gas chromatography (MFA [GC]) or features that could be determined during a routine dairy herd improvement (DHI) analysis, such as concentration of fat, protein, lactose, fat/protein ratio, urea, and somatic cell count (determined and reported routinely in DHI registrations), either or not in combination with MFA and BHB determined by mid-infrared (MIR), denoted as MFA [MIR] and BHB [MIR], respectively, which are routinely analyzed but not routinely reported in DHI registrations yet. Models solely based on fat, protein, lactose, fat/protein ratio, urea and somatic cell count (i.e., DHI model) were characterized by the lowest predictive performance [area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUCROC) = 0.69]. The combination of the features of the DHI model with BHB [MIR] and MFA [MIR] powerfully increased the predictive performance (AUCROC = 0.81). The model based on the detailed MFA profile determined by GC analysis did not outperform (AUCROC = 0.81) the model using the DHI-features in combination with BHB [MIR] and MFA [MIR]. Predictions solely based on samples at d 3 were characterized by lower performance (AUCROC DHI + BHB [MIR] + MFA [MIR] model at d 3: 0.75; AUCROC MFA [GC] model at d 3: 0.73). High predictive performance was found using samples from d 9 and 21. To conclude, overall, the DHI + BHB [MIR] + MFA [MIR] model allowed to predict metabolic status during early lactation. Accordingly, these parameters show potential for routine prediction of metabolic status.
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Lactose , Leite , Feminino , Bovinos , Animais , Leite/química , Lactose/análise , Lactação , Ácido 3-Hidroxibutírico , Ácidos Graxos não Esterificados , Ácidos Graxos/metabolismo , Ureia/metabolismo , Biomarcadores/análise , Nível de SaúdeRESUMO
Objective: To explore the clinical features of IgG4-related lung disease. Methods: The clinical data of 60 patients diagnosed with IgG4-related lung disease in Peking University People's Hospital from February 2012 to May 2021 were retrospectively collected. Analysis was made to explore the features of clinical manifestation, laboratory, imaging, prognosis and other characteristics of the disease. Results: A total of 60 patients were included, with 40 males, age of (58.2±12.9) years, an age of onset of (57.1±13.2) years, and 31.7% (19 cases) of the patients had a history of allergic disease. 36.7% (22 cases) of the patients had respiratory symptoms during the disease. 94.6% (53/56) of patients had serum IgG4>1.35 g/L, 24.1% (14/58) of patients had increased eosinophils, 79.2% (38/48) of patients had increased IgE level, and 53.7% (29/54) of patients had decreased C3 or C4. Common imaging findings included nodular changes (38 cases, 63.3%), mediastinal and/or hilar lymphadenopathy (34 cases, 56.7%), and ground glass opacities (31 cases, 51.7%). Fifty-three cases (88.3%) showed two or more imaging changes. The pathological examination of the patient was mainly characterized by lymphoplasmacytic infiltration and fibrosis, with only one case of phlebitis obliterans. Compared with the asymptomatic group (38 cases), patients with respiratory symptoms (22 cases) showed higher level of serum total IgG and eosinophils (43.2 vs 17.8 g/L, 0.30×109/L vs 0.14×109/L, P<0.05), lower proportion of allergic diseases, and higher proportion of consolidation shadows on chest CT (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in serum IgG4, IgE, complement levels, and imaging outcomes after treatment between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusions: The clinical manifestations of IgG4-related lung disease are atypical, and asymptomatic patients account for a high proportion. The imaging of the disease is highly heterogeneous, and patients are prone to show coexisted multiple imaging changes. The main clinical features and imaging outcomes of patients with and without respiratory symptoms are not significantly different.
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Pneumopatias , Pulmão , Adulto , Idoso , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Imunoglobulina E/uso terapêutico , Imunoglobulina G/uso terapêutico , Pulmão/patologia , Pneumopatias/diagnóstico , Pneumopatias/tratamento farmacológico , Pneumopatias/patologia , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is an allergic lung disease caused by the sensitization of Aspergillus fumigatus. In recent years, the research into ABPA has progressed, the testing methods have improved and the diagnostic criteria have been continuously updated. There is no gold standard for the diagnosis of the disease. The diagnostic criteria for ABPA include predisposing diseases, fungal-related immunoassay and pathological examination. Understanding the clinical significance of ABPA diagnostic criteria may help to prevent irreversible bronchopulmonary injury, improve respiratory function and improve the prognosis of patients.
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Aspergilose Broncopulmonar Alérgica , Humanos , Aspergilose Broncopulmonar Alérgica/diagnóstico , Imunoglobulina E , Aspergillus fumigatus , Pulmão , BrônquiosRESUMO
In recent years, the therapeutic concepts and surgical methods of the meandering mesenteric artery involved in atherosclerosis have been reported in the literature, and the importance of this lateral branch circulation in the field of vascular surgery has received more attention. With the improvement of imaging techniques, the discovery rate of this collateral circulation increased. In the presence of major iliac artery occlusion, the meandering mesenteric artery may serve as an important collateral circulation to relieve ischemia in the visceral or lower extremities. The meandering mesenteric artery may also lead to type â ¡ internal leakage after endovascular repair, while the embolization of inferior mesenteric artery may be performed through the meandering mesenteric artery. The role of meandering mesenteric arteries in vascular surgery needs further study.
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Objective: To investigate the study of the correlation between C-reactive protein to albumin ratio (CAR) and restenosis after stenting in patients with lower extremity atherosclerotic occlusive disease(LEASO). Methods: The clinical data of 95 patients with LEASO admitted to the Department of Vascular Surgery of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital from June 2020 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 67 males and 28 females,aged (73.1±9.4) years (range:51 to 92 years). The patients were classified into the restenosis group (n=61) and the patency group (n=34) according to the CT angiography results. Independent sample t test,Mann-Whitney U test and χ2 test were used to compare the data between two groups. Risk factors for restenosis after femoropopliteal artery stenting in patients with LEASO were analyzed using multivariate Cox regression. The relationship between preoperative CAR level and restenosis after stent placement was analyzed. Subject operating characteristic(ROC) curves of CAR were plotted to assess the predictive value of CAR for restenosis after stenting,and the results were expressed as area under the curve (AUC). Results: The aortoiliac calcification grade,number of stents,length of stents,C-reactive protein and CAR levels in restenosis group were higher than those in the patency group,and the serum albumin level was lower than that in the patency group(all P<0.05). And the results of multifactorial Cox regression analysis showed that higher pre-procedure CAR level and lower ABI value was an independent risk factor for in-stent restenosis. The AUC of the ROC curve for restenosis was 0.737(95%CI:0.617 to 0.856),the AUC of the ROC curve for 12-month restenosis was 0.709(95%CI:0.602 to 0.815), and the AUC of the ROC curve for 24-month restenosis was 0.702(95%CI:0.594 to 0.811). Conclusion: Higher pre-procedural CAR levels in patients with LEASO is risk factor for in-stent restenosis,and CAR has a predictive value for restenosis after lower extremity arterial stent dilatation and angioplasty.
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Proteína C-Reativa , Reestenose Coronária , Masculino , Feminino , Humanos , Artéria Femoral , Artéria Poplítea/cirurgia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do Tratamento , Grau de Desobstrução Vascular , Stents , Extremidade Inferior , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
Objective: To explore the surgical treatment strategy of stent graft infection after interventional treatment of major iliac artery related diseases. Methods: Retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 6 patients with secondary stent graft infection after interventional treatment for major iliac artery related diseases admitted to the Department of Vascular Surgery,Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital,Medical School of Nanjing University from November 2021 to August 2022.There were 5 males and 1 female,with a mean age of 64 years (range:49 to 79 years).The infection time was 53 to 3 165 days.All the 6 patients received surgical treatment,including 3 patients who underwent anatomic bypass grafting (axillary arterial-femoral artery bypass,femoral arterial-femoral artery bypass) using artificial vessels,and 3 patients who underwent in situ abdominal aorta reconstruction using bovine pericardium.The perioperative situation,postoperative infection and the occurrence of serious adverse events were recorded,and the safety of different treatment methods and materials was evaluated. Results: All patients successfully completed the operation and no death occurred during hospitalization.Intraoperative blood loss was 2 000~5 000 ml,and intraoperative blood transfusion was 1 600 to 5 350 ml.All the patients were followed up for 81 to 395 days after surgery,and the incision healed well,and no reinfection occurred.Postoperative gastrointestinal bleeding occurred in 1 patient,secondary surgery (retroperitoneal hematoma removal) was performed in 1 patient due to postoperative bleeding at the vascular anastomosis,both lower limb amputations were performed in 1 patient due to postoperative lower limb ischemia,and intermittent claudication occurred in 2 patients.All patients were alive at the last follow-up. Conclusion: For patients with aortic stent graft infection,when the infection is not serious and there is enough space to block the proximal and distal aorta,in situ aortic reconstruction is an effective treatment,and different materials can achieve satisfactory results in a short period of time.
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Objective: To investigate the clinical features and pathogenesis of spontaneous regression of lymphoma involving the respiratory system. Methods: Two cases of pulmonary lymphoma which regressed spontaneously were reported. Literatures with"spontaneous regression, lymphoma""spontaneous remission, lymphoma"published before February 2020 were searched in Wanfang, CNKI and Pubmed database. And cases with respiratory system involvement of lymphoma which regressed spontaneously were analyzed. A total of 22 cases were finally retrieved. There were 6 males and 16 females, with an average age of (62.5±16.8) years. Results: Common symptoms included dyspnea, cough, expectoration, fever and weakness. Imaging examination showed that any parts in respiratory system could be involved. The proportion of invasive and indolent lymphomas was approximately similar. The time interval between diagnosis of lymphoma and first sign of spontaneous regression of the disease was from 2 weeks to 1 year. Spontaneous regression of the disease could sustain from 50 days to 60 months. Moreover, 78.6% of patients achieved complete remission in their courses of treatment, and some patients showed wax and wane phenomena. Conclusions: Spontaneous regression of lymphoma may occur in any part of the respiratory system. When a patient exhibits spontaneous regression of pulmonary lesions, lymphoma should be considered in the differential diagnoses. Pathology study is needed to achieve a definitive diagnosis. Misdiagnosis and delayed diagnosis related to empirical treatment of antibiotics and corticosteroid should be avoided.
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Neoplasias Pulmonares , Linfoma , Idoso , Tosse , Dispneia , Feminino , Humanos , Pulmão , Neoplasias Pulmonares/diagnóstico por imagem , Linfoma/diagnóstico por imagem , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
Objective: To summarize and analyze the clinical and imaging characteristics of patients with 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in the early stage in Beijing. Methods: A retrospective analysis of clinical and imaging data of 9 patients with 2019 novel coronavirus infection diagnosed in one fever clinicic in Beijing from January 18, 2020 to February 3, 2020. Results: 5 male and 4 female was included in those 9 patients, whose median age was 36 years, and the age range from 15 to 49 years. 8 of these patients had no underlying disease and one suffered from diabetes. 7 patients had a history of travel to Wuhan City or Hubei Province, and one patient was a medical staff. Two family clustered was found. The incubation period was 1 to 6 days. The clinical manifestations were fever in 8 cases (8/9) , dry cough in 5 cases (5/9) , pharyngalgia in 4 cases (4/9) , fatigue in 4 cases (4/9) , body soreness in 4 cases (4/9) , and blocked or watery nose in 1 case (1/9) . Six patients (6/9) had abnormal cell peripheral blood, of which 3 (3/9) had an increased monocyte count, 2 (2/9) had a reduced lymphocyte , and 1 (1/9) had an increased leukocyte count, while the 3 patients had normal cell blood routines. The median of CRP was 16.3 mg/L, including 5 patients with slightly elevated (5/9) , 4 patients with normal values (4/9) . the results of procalcitonin test were negative in5 patients. Three patients were examined by chest X-ray examination, one of which was normal, one case showed infiltrates of right upper lung, and another showed in right lower lung. All patients underwent chest HRCT. And 7 cases (7/9) showed multiple ground glass exudation, including 5 cases (5/7) involved bilateral lungs, 2 cases (2/7) involved unilateral lung, 3 cases (3/7) with patchy consolidation, and 2 cases (2/9) showed no abnormality. Conclusions: The patents with 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in this study generally have an epidemiological history. The clinical manifestations are fever and cough. Peripheral white blood cell counts were most normal And PCT were all negative. Chest HRCT manifested as multiple ground-glass opacities with partly consolidation. Some patients had normal chest radiographs but HRCT showed pneumonia. Some patients had no pneumonia on chest HRCT.
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Objective: To summarize and analyze the clinical and imaging characteristics of patients with 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in the early stage in Beijing. Methods: A retrospective analysis of clinical and imaging data of 9 patients with 2019 novel coronavirus infection diagnosed in one fever clinicic in Beijing from January 18, 2020 to February 3, 2020. Results: 5 male and 4 female was included in those 9 patients, whose median age was 36 years, and the age range from 15 to 49 years. 8 of these patients had no underlying disease and one suffered from diabetes. 7 patients had a history of travel to Wuhan City or Hubei Province, and one patient was a medical staff. Two family clustered was found. The incubation period was 1 to 6 days. The clinical manifestations were fever in 8 cases (8/9) , dry cough in 5 cases (5/9) , pharyngalgia in 4 cases (4/9) , fatigue in 4 cases (4/9) , body soreness in 4 cases (4/9) , and blocked or watery nose in 1 case (1/9) . Six patients (6/9) had abnormal cell peripheral blood, of which 3 (3/9) had an increased monocyte count, 2 (2/9) had a reduced lymphocyte, and 1 (1/9) had an increased leukocyte count, while the 3 patients had normal cell blood routines. The median of CRP was 16.3 mg/L, including 5 patients with slightly elevated (5/9) , 4 patients with normal values (4/9) . the results of procalcitonin test were negative in5 patients. Three patients were examined by chest X-ray examination, one of which was normal, one case showed infiltrates of right upper lung, and another showed in right lower lung. All patients underwent chest HRCT. And 7 cases (7/9) showed multiple ground glass exudation, including 5 cases (5/7) involved bilateral lungs, 2 cases (2/7) involved unilateral lung, 3 cases (3/7) with patchy consolidation, and 2 cases (2/9) showed no abnormality. Conclusions: The patents with 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in this study generally have an epidemiological history. The clinical manifestations are fever and cough. Peripheral white blood cell counts were most normal And PCT were all negative. Chest HRCT manifested as multiple ground-glass opacities with partly consolidation. Some patients had normal chest radiographs but HRCT showed pneumonia. Some patients had no pneumonia on chest HRCT.
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Betacoronavirus , Infecções por Coronavirus , Pulmão , Pneumonia Viral/diagnóstico por imagem , Adolescente , Adulto , Pequim/epidemiologia , Betacoronavirus/isolamento & purificação , Betacoronavirus/patogenicidade , Biomarcadores , COVID-19 , Infecções por Coronavirus/complicações , Infecções por Coronavirus/diagnóstico por imagem , Infecções por Coronavirus/epidemiologia , Infecções por Coronavirus/transmissão , Tosse/etiologia , Saúde da Família , Fadiga/etiologia , Feminino , Febre/etiologia , Humanos , Pulmão/diagnóstico por imagem , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pneumonia Viral/complicações , Pneumonia Viral/epidemiologia , Pneumonia Viral/etiologia , Pneumonia Viral/transmissão , Radiografia Torácica , Estudos Retrospectivos , SARS-CoV-2 , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Viagem , Adulto JovemRESUMO
AIMS: Ratoon stunting disease caused by Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli (Lxx) is a bacterial disease that has plagued sugarcane-planting countries for a long time. This study mainly analysed Lxx localization and its effects on sugarcane leaf. METHODS AND RESULTS: Badila were inocultated by bacteria of Lxx. It was noted that the number of Lxx cells were rapidly enriched in sugarcane leaves from the 150th to the 210th days of post inoculation (dpi). Lxx infection disrupted the integrity of vascular bundle sheath cells (BSC) in the 'Kranz anatomy' of leaves, resulting in irregular accumulation of starch in vascular BSC of leaves. In situ PCR showed that the Lxx localized in the xylem vessels, mesophyll cell (MC) and BSC as described before in sugarcane leaf, a new niche within the host tissues in the phloem of sugarcane stem. The gene expression and activities of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC), pyruvate, orthophosphate dikinase (PPDK) and NADP-malic enzyme (NADP-ME) enzymes were lower in Lxx-inoculated sugarcane plants as compared to the MI group. CONCLUSION: Lxx infection not only disrupted the structure of vascular BSC in the C4 'Kranz anatomy' of sugarcane leaves, but also affected the activities and gene expression of the key enzymes PEPC, PPDK and NADP-ME in the C4 cycle of sugarcane suggesting a reduction in CO2 fixation. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The effect of Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli (Lxx) infection on the photosynthetic physiology of sugarcane is currently limited to the evaluation of photosynthetic parameters. This study assessed the impact of Lxx infection on the mechanism of C4 cycle CO2 fixation and to accompanying plant anatomy.
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Actinomycetales/fisiologia , Enzimas/metabolismo , Fotossíntese , Doenças das Plantas/microbiologia , Saccharum/enzimologia , Saccharum/microbiologia , Regulação da Expressão Gênica de Plantas , Fotossíntese/genética , Folhas de Planta/enzimologia , Folhas de Planta/microbiologia , Feixe Vascular de Plantas/enzimologia , Feixe Vascular de Plantas/microbiologia , Amido/metabolismoRESUMO
MicroRNA-218 (miR-218) is a short, noncoding RNA, with multiple biological functions. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential effects of miR-218 on the apoptosis of human ovarian carcinoma cells and the underlying mechanisms by which miR-218 exerted its actions. After over-expressing miR-218 in human ovarian carcinoma (OVCAR3) cells, cell viability was determined by MTT method, cell apoptosis was observed by flow cytometry (FCM), mRNA expression of miR-218, Bcl2, Bax was measured by RT-PCR and protein expression levels of Wnt, tankyrase and ß-catenin were quantified by Western blots. Over-expression of miR-218 potently suppressed cell viability and promoted the apoptosis of human ovarian carcinoma cells in a time-dependent manner. In addition, the down-regulation of tankyrase expression level was detected in miR-218-over-expressed cells. Following the block of the Wnt/ß-catenin signaling pathway using the inhibitor XAV-939, the effects of miR-218 on the proliferation and apoptosis of human ovarian carcinoma cells were significantly suppressed. Augmenting expression of miR-218 and/or miRNA-218 mimicking therapeutics may provide viable avenue for the treatment of ovarian cancer.
Assuntos
Células Epiteliais/metabolismo , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , MicroRNAs/genética , Proteínas Wnt/genética , beta Catenina/genética , Apoptose/genética , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Sobrevivência Celular , Células Epiteliais/efeitos dos fármacos , Células Epiteliais/patologia , Feminino , Compostos Heterocíclicos com 3 Anéis/farmacologia , Humanos , MicroRNAs/metabolismo , Ovário/efeitos dos fármacos , Ovário/metabolismo , Ovário/patologia , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-bcl-2/genética , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-bcl-2/metabolismo , Tanquirases/genética , Tanquirases/metabolismo , Proteínas Wnt/antagonistas & inibidores , Proteínas Wnt/metabolismo , Via de Sinalização Wnt , Proteína X Associada a bcl-2/genética , Proteína X Associada a bcl-2/metabolismo , beta Catenina/antagonistas & inibidores , beta Catenina/metabolismoRESUMO
AIMS: Huanglongbing (HLB)-affected citrus often display zinc deficiency symptoms. In this study, supplemental zinc was applied to citrus to determine its effect on Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (Las) titre, HLB symptoms, and leaf microbiome. METHODS AND RESULTS: HLB-affected citrus were treated with various amounts of zinc. The treatments promoted Las growth and affected microbiomes in citrus leaves. Phylochip(™) -based results indicated that 5475 of over 50 000 known Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) in 52 phyla were detected in the midribs of HLB-affected citrus, of which Proteobacteria was the most abundant, followed by Firmicutes and Actinobacteria. In comparison, the microbiomes of zinc-treated diseased plants had overall more OTUs with higher amounts of Proteobacteria, but decreased percentages of Firmicutes and Actinobacteria. In addition, more OTUs of siderophore-producing bacteria were present. Only zinc-sensitive Staphylococcaceae had higher OTU's in the diseased plants without zinc treatments. CONCLUSIONS: Although HLB-affected citrus appear zinc deficient, zinc amendments increased the pathogen levels and shifted the microbiome. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: HLB is currently the most devastating disease of citrus worldwide. Zinc is often applied to HLB-affected citrus due to zinc deficiency symptoms. This study provided new insights into the potential effects of zinc on HLB and the microbial ecology of citrus.
Assuntos
Bactérias/efeitos dos fármacos , Citrus/efeitos dos fármacos , Citrus/microbiologia , Microbiota/efeitos dos fármacos , Doenças das Plantas/microbiologia , Rhizobiaceae/fisiologia , Zinco/farmacologia , Bactérias/classificação , Bactérias/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Bactérias/isolamento & purificação , Folhas de Planta/microbiologia , Rhizobiaceae/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
Litter size affects profitability in the swine industry. Mammalian ovaries play important roles during reproduction, including ovulation and hormone secretion, which are tightly regulated by specific microRNAs (miRNAs). In this study, we investigated the effects of specific miRNAs on porcine litter size. We compared the ovarian miRNAs of Yorkshire pigs with high (YH) and low (YL) litter sizes using Solexa sequencing technology. We identified 327 and 320 miRNAs in the ovaries of YH and YL pigs respectively. A total of 297 miRNAs were co-expressed; 30 and 23 miRNAs respectively were specifically expressed in the two libraries. A total of 83 novel miRNAs were predicted; 37 specific miRNAs were obtained, of which 21 miRNAs were upregulated and 16 miRNAs were downregulated in YH compared with YL. Additionally, 19 628 and 19 250 target genes were predicted in the two libraries respectively. The results revealed that specific miRNAs (i.e., miR-224, miR-99a, let-7c, miR-181c, miR-214 and miR-21) may affect porcine litter size. The results of this study will help in gaining understanding of the role of miRNAs in porcine litter size regulation.
Assuntos
Tamanho da Ninhada de Vivíparos/genética , MicroRNAs/genética , Ovário/metabolismo , Sus scrofa/genética , Animais , Feminino , Biblioteca Gênica , Sequenciamento de Nucleotídeos em Larga Escala , Análise de Sequência de RNARESUMO
Nano-emulsion is a promising delivery system for increasing pesticide use and enhancing the therapeutic efficiency against pathogens. The pathogen Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (Las) that causes destructive citrus huanglongbing (HLB) resides in citrus phloem, which makes it difficult to treat with chemicals. Based on various physiochemical characteristics of oils, surfactants, and organic solvents, an oil-in-water (O/W) nano-emulsion formulation was developed and optimized to combat citrus HLB. The nano-emulsion was formulated through a spontaneous emulsification method for efficient delivery of ampicillin into the citrus phloem using bark application. The nano-emulsion that was prepared from Cremophor EL (viscous oil), acetone (water miscibility organic solvent), and Span 80/Tween 80 (surfactant) formed a small droplet size (17.33 ± 0.52 nm) and exhibited an improved absorption rate. Peak concentration was detected at 2 days posttreatment and the maximum concentration (Cmax) and relative bioavailability (RBA) of ampicillin in HLB-affected citrus were 71.86 ± 35.38 ng/g and 267.25% ± 44.1%, respectively. The peak concentration of Amp appeared at 6 days posttreatment in the citrus trees that were treated with Amp alone and their Cmax and RBA were 56.44 ± 32.59 ng/g and 100%, respectively. The same nano-emulsion was used to deliver five different antimicrobials to control citrus HLB through bark application. We found that the droplet size of the antimicrobials in the nano-emulsion was significantly reduced and the nano-emulsion also enhanced the therapeutic efficiency of validoxylamine A alone and in combination with actidione as well as sulfadimoethoxine sodium against Las. Therefore, this study provides an efficient bark application nano-emulsion formulation for citrus HLB control.
RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the feasibility of method of bedside ultrasound to confirm correct nasointestinal tube placement of critical patients. METHODS: From June 2015 to February 2016 , a total of 70 patients admitted to Emergency Intensive Care Unit, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, 37 males and 33 females, using bedside ultrasound(vessels signe) to confirm the location of nasointestinal tube at different site of digestive tract, and then comparing with the traditional methods, the point-of-care systems. RESULTS: Auscultatory method and aspirates from tube method have lower sensitivity(78.6%, 72.7%) and specificity (25.0%, 75.0%) ; bedside ultrasound(vessels signe) method sensitivity (100%), accuracy (100%) , positive predictive value(100%), negative predictive value(100%) and precision ratio are all higher than auscultatory method and aspirates from tube method, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The bedside ultrasound vessels signe method has more advantages in confirming the location of the tubes at sensitivity , accuracy , specificity and positive predictive value than the traditional methods.