Analysis of liver fragment subjected to autologous transplant at rat's retroperitoneum.

BACKGROUND: To investigate the regeneration process of autologous implants of liver on the retroperitoneum. METHODS: Thirty male Fisher rats were used divided in to group 1 (G1): studied 60 d after surgery; group 2 (G2): studied 90 d after surgery; group 3 (G3): studied 180 d after surgery; and group C (GC): animals without surgery. Hepatic fragment was processed for histologic and biochemical analysis. RESULTS: There was inflammatory infiltrate, diffuse hydropic degeneration, necrosis, and moderate fibrosis that reduced in direct relation to the postsurgical time. The concentration of albumin was different between GC and G1 and between G1 and G3 (P = 0.0007). The Catalase (CAT) was related to the time of surgery with GC being different when compared with G1, G2, and G3 (P < 0.0001). The oxidative stress measured through the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances lipid peroxidation was different between the GC and the G2 groups (P = 0.0381). CONCLUSIONS: The analysis made showed hepatic regeneration in the fragment subjected to autologous transplant at the retroperitoneum.

Acute pancreatitis gravity predictive factors: which and when to use them?

INTRODUCTION: Acute pancreatitis has as its main causes lithiasic biliary disease and alcohol abuse. Most of the time, the disease shows a self-limiting course, with a rapid recovery, only with supportive treatment. However, in a significant percentage of cases, it runs with important local and systemic complications associated with high mortality rates. AIM: To present the current state of the use of these prognostic factors (predictive scores) of gravity, as the time of application, complexity and specificity. METHOD: A non-systematic literature review through 28 papers, with emphasis on 13 articles published in indexed journals between 2008 and 2013 using Lilacs, Medline, Pubmed. RESULTS: Several clinical, laboratory analysis, molecular and image variables can predict the development of severe acute pancreatitis. Some of them by themselves can be determinant to the progression of the disease to a more severe form, such as obesity, hematocrit, age and smoking. Hematocrit with a value lower than 44% and serum urea lower than 20 mg/dl, both at admission, appear as risk factors for pancreatic necrosis. But the PCR differentiates mild cases of serious ones in the first 24 h. Multifactorial scores measured on admission and during the first 48 h of hospitalization have been used in intensive care units, being the most ones used: Ranson, Apache II, Glasgow, Iget and Saps II. CONCLUSION: Acute pancreatitis is a disease in which several prognostic factors are employed being useful in predicting mortality and on the development of the severe form. It is suggested that the association of a multifactorial score, especially the Saps II associated with Iget, may increase the prognosis accuracy. However, the professional's preferences, the experience on the service as well as the available tools, are factors that have determined the choice of the most suitable predictive score.

Qualitative analysis of anatomopathological changes of gastric mucosa due to long term therapy with proton pump inhibitors: experimental studies x clinical studies.

INTRODUCTION: For a few decades the long-term use of proton pump inhibitors has had wide application in the treatment of several gastrointestinal diseases. Since then, however, several studies have called attention to the possible development of anatomical and pathological changes of gastric mucosa, resulting from the long term use of this therapeutic modality. Recent experimental and clinical studies suggest that these changes have connection not only to the development of precancerous lesions, but also of gastric tumors. OBJECTIVE: To present a qualitative analysis of anatomical and pathological changes of gastric mucosa resulting from the long-term use of proton pump inhibitors. METHOD: The headings used were: proton pump inhibitors, precancerous lesions and gastric neoplasms for a non systematic review of the literature, based on Medline, Lillacs and Scielo. Twelve articles were selected from clinical (9) and experimental (3) studies, for qualitative analysis of the results. RESULTS: The gastric acid suppression by high doses of proton pump inhibitors induces hypergastrinemia and the consequent emergence of neuroendocrine tumors in animal models. Morphological changes most often found in these experimental studies were: enterochromaffin-like cell hyperplasia, neuroendocrine tumor, atrophy, metaplasia and adenocarcinoma. In the studies in humans, however, despite enterochromaffin-like cell hyperplasia, the other effects, neuroendocrine tumor and gastric atrophy, gastric metaplasia and or adenocarcinoma, were not identified. CONCLUSION: Although it is not possible to say that the long-term treatment with proton pump inhibitors induces the appearance or accelerates the development of gastric cancer in humans, several authors have suggested that prolonged administration of this drug could provoke the development of gastric cancer. Thus, the evidence demonstrated in the animal model as well as the large number of patients who do or will do a long-term treatment with proton pump inhibitors, justifies the maintenance of this important line of research.