RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Parents of children with a medical condition and a visible difference can experience challenging situations. We evaluated distress and parenting stress in parents of children with a cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL±P) or a visible infantile hemangioma (IH). SETTING: This cross-sectional study took place in an academic medical hospital in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. PARTICIPANTS: Three-hundred nine parents (mean age = 40.30, 56.00% mothers) of children with CL±P and 91 parents (mean age = 36.40, 58.24% mothers) of children with IH. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The Dutch version of the Parenting Stress Index - Short Form and the subscales Anxiety, Depression, and Hostility of the Symptom Checklist - 90. RESULTS: One sample t tests and mixed linear modeling were used. On average, parents of children with CL±P and of children with IH showed significantly lower parenting stress compared to normative data. Anxiety was significantly lower in parents of children with CL±P than that in the norm group. Visibility of the condition was not related to distress or parenting stress. Child behavioral problems were positively related to parenting stress, depression, and hostility. CONCLUSIONS: Parents of children with CL±P and IH report less distress and parenting stress compared to the norm. On average, these parents seem well adjusted. A practical implication is to monitor parents of children with behavioral problems.
Assuntos
Fenda Labial , Fissura Palatina , Hemangioma , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Palato , Poder Familiar , PaisRESUMO
Adolescents with a visible difference can experience difficult social situations, (e.g., people staring or making unwanted comments) and are at risk for mental health problems. Unfortunately, interventions for adolescents with a visible difference experiencing appearance-related distress are scarce and lack an evidence-base. This study tests the acceptability and feasibility of YP Face IT, an innovative online psychological intervention using social skills training and cognitive behavioural therapy, to Dutch adolescents. Adolescents aged 12-17 with a visible difference and access to an internet-enabled computer or tablet participated. They completed YP Face IT (eight sessions) and questionnaires were administered pre- and post-intervention. After completing YP Face IT, participants were interviewed to assess the acceptability and feasibility of YP Face IT and study procedures. Overall, 15 adolescents consented to participation, one person dropped out after one session. Most adolescents appreciated the intervention and all would recommend it to other adolescents experiencing appearance-related distress. Everyone reported learning experiences after following the sessions. Some struggled with motivation, but reminders by the website and research team were helpful. The Dutch YP Face IT intervention may be acceptable and the current study design is feasible to use. An RCT should be conducted to assess the effectiveness of the intervention.
Assuntos
Terapia Cognitivo-Comportamental , Intervenção Psicossocial , Adolescente , Imagem Corporal/psicologia , Terapia Cognitivo-Comportamental/métodos , Estudos de Viabilidade , Humanos , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
Living with a visible difference can entail challenging social situations, associated with psychosocial symptoms. However, it is not clear whether adolescents with a visible difference experience more anxiety and depression than unaffected peers. We aim to determine whether adolescents with a visible difference experience more symptoms of anxiety and depression than unaffected peers. A literature search was conducted in Embase, Medline Ovid, Web of Science, Cochrane CENTRAL, PsycINFO Ovid, and Google Scholar. Meta-analyses were done using random-effects models to calculate a standardised mean difference. Analyses for subgroups were used to study causes of visible difference. Eleven studies were identified (nâ¯=â¯1075, weighted mean ageâ¯=â¯15.80). Compared to unaffected peers, adolescents with a visible difference experience more symptoms of anxiety (SMDâ¯=â¯0.253, 95 % CI [0.024, 0.482], p = .030), but not depression (SMDâ¯=â¯0.236, 95 % CI [-0.126, 0.599], p = .202). Adolescents with a skin condition did not experience more symptoms of anxiety (SMDâ¯=â¯0.149, 95 % CI [-0.070, 0.369], p = .182) or depression (SMDâ¯=â¯0.090, 95 % CI [-0.082, 0.262], p = .305) when compared to unaffected peers. Overall, more symptoms of anxiety are found in adolescents with a visible difference compared to peers. No differences in anxiety or depression were found for skin differences. Screening for anxiety is recommended.
Assuntos
Ansiedade , Imagem Corporal/psicologia , Depressão , Aparência Física , Adolescente , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Psicologia do Adolescente , Autorrelato , Adulto JovemRESUMO
This paper examines the effects of surface texture (smooth versus rough) on cell/surface interactions on the bioactive glass, 45S5. The cell surface interactions associated with cell spreading are studied using cell culture experiments. Subsequent energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy is also used to reveal the distributions of calcium, phosphorous, sodium and oxygen on the surfaces of the bioactive glasses. The implications of the results are then discussed for the applications of textured bioactive glasses in medicine.