RESUMO
The antiquity of human dispersal into Mediterranean islands and ensuing coastal adaptation have remained largely unexplored due to the prevailing assumption that the sea was a barrier to movement and that islands were hostile environments to early hunter-gatherers [J. F. Cherry, T. P. Leppard, J. Isl. Coast. Archaeol. 13, 191-205 (2018), 10.1080/15564894.2016.1276489]. Using the latest archaeological data, hindcasted climate projections, and age-structured demographic models, we demonstrate evidence for early arrival (14,257 to 13,182 calendar years ago) to Cyprus and predicted that large groups of people (~1,000 to 1,375) arrived in 2 to 3 main events occurring within <100 y to ensure low extinction risk. These results indicate that the postglacial settlement of Cyprus involved only a few large-scale, organized events requiring advanced watercraft technology. Our spatially debiased and Signor-Lipps-corrected estimates indicate rapid settlement of the island within <200 y, and expansion to a median of 4,000 to 5,000 people (0.36 to 0.46 km-2) in <11 human generations (<300 y). Our results do not support the hypothesis of inaccessible and inhospitable islands in the Mediterranean for pre-agropastoralists, agreeing with analogous conclusions for other parts of the world [M. I. Bird et al., Sci. Rep. 9, 8220 (2019), 10.1038/s41598-019-42946-9]. Our results also highlight the need to revisit these questions in the Mediterranean and test their validity with new technologies, field methods, and data. By applying stochastic models to the Mediterranean region, we can place Cyprus and large islands in general as attractive and favorable destinations for paleolithic peoples.
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Arqueologia , Humanos , Chipre , Arqueologia/métodos , História Antiga , Migração Humana/história , Demografia/métodosRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Elevated particulate matter (PM) concentrations of anthropogenic and/or desert dust origin are associated with increased morbidity among children with asthma. OBJECTIVE: The Mitigating the Health Effects of Desert Dust Storms Using Exposure-Reduction Approaches randomised controlled trial assessed the impact of exposure reduction recommendations, including indoor air filtration, on childhood asthma control during high desert dust storms (DDS) season in Cyprus and Greece. DESIGN, PARTICIPANTS, INTERVENTIONS AND SETTING: Primary school children with asthma were randomised into three parallel groups: (a) no intervention (controls); (b) outdoor intervention (early alerts notifications, recommendations to stay indoors and limit outdoor physical activity during DDS) and (c) combined intervention (same as (b) combined with indoor air purification with high efficiency particulate air filters in children's homes and school classrooms. Asthma symptom control was assessed using the childhood Asthma Control Test (c-ACT), spirometry (forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC)) and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO). RESULTS: In total, 182 children with asthma (age; mean=9.5, SD=1.63) were evaluated during 2019 and 2021. After three follow-up months, the combined intervention group demonstrated a significant improvement in c-ACT in comparison to controls (ß=2.63, 95% CI 0.72 to 4.54, p=0.007), which was more profound among atopic children (ß=3.56, 95% CI 0.04 to 7.07, p=0.047). Similarly, FEV1% predicted (ß=4.26, 95% CI 0.54 to 7.99, p=0.025), the need for any asthma medication and unscheduled clinician visits, but not FVC% and FeNO, were significantly improved in the combined intervention compared with controls. CONCLUSION: Recommendations to reduce exposure and use of indoor air filtration in areas with high PM pollution may improve symptom control and lung function in children with asthma. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT03503812.
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Asma , Poeira , Humanos , Asma/prevenção & controle , Criança , Masculino , Feminino , Chipre , Material Particulado/análise , Material Particulado/efeitos adversos , Poluição do Ar/efeitos adversos , Poluição do Ar/análise , Exposição Ambiental/efeitos adversos , Exposição Ambiental/prevenção & controle , Grécia , Filtros de Ar , Poluição do Ar em Ambientes Fechados/efeitos adversos , Poluição do Ar em Ambientes Fechados/prevenção & controle , Óxido Nítrico/análise , Poluentes Atmosféricos/análise , Poluentes Atmosféricos/efeitos adversos , Volume Expiratório ForçadoRESUMO
Recent European-wide data place Cyprus and Greece in the highest positions of total antimicrobial consumption. While this level of consumption might be partly attributed to the high rates of infections due to MDR bacteria in these countries, several other reasons should be sought to help apply local measures, to decrease inappropriate and excess antimicrobial use. The present viewpoint aims to provide a roadmap for interventions, by briefly discussing the various factors that underlie antimicrobial use and prescribing practices in Greece and Cyprus.
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Antibacterianos , Uso de Medicamentos , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Chipre , Grécia , Uso de Medicamentos/estatística & dados numéricos , Infecções Bacterianas/tratamento farmacológicoRESUMO
National responses should be improved and accelerated to meet the target of ending the Acquired ImmunoDeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) epidemic by 2030. In the Republic of Cyprus, Men who have Sex with Men (MSM) are disproportionately affected by Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), accounting approximately for half of all annual HIV diagnoses. This study assesses the evolution of HIV incidence in MSM in Cyprus until 2030 using a model calibrated to Cypriot epidemiological data. Four scenarios were examined: status quo, two scenarios focusing on introducing Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP), and a 90% HIV incidence reduction scenario. Reaching only the 95-95-95 HIV cascade of care targets among MSM would reduce HIV incidence by 48.6% by 2030 compared to 2015. Initiating a PrEP intervention only for high risk MSM would cause a modest further reduction in HIV incidence. To meet the 90% reduction target, PrEP should be expanded to both high and medium risk MSM and, after 2025, behavioral interventions should be implemented so as high-risk MSM gradually move to the medium-risk category. Cyprus will not reach the HIV incidence reduction target by 2030 unless PrEP is gradually promoted and delivered to all high and medium risk MSM along with awareness and behavioral interventions.
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Infecções por HIV , Homossexualidade Masculina , Profilaxia Pré-Exposição , Humanos , Masculino , Chipre/epidemiologia , Homossexualidade Masculina/estatística & dados numéricos , Infecções por HIV/epidemiologia , Infecções por HIV/prevenção & controle , Incidência , Adulto , Epidemias/prevenção & controle , Fármacos Anti-HIV/uso terapêutico , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto JovemRESUMO
BACKGROUND This study aimed to evaluate the morphological characteristics of the anterior maxillary nasopalatine canal and the width of the buccal bone using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in 150 adults in Northern Cyprus. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study included 150 participants, and their anterior maxillary morphometric measurements (eg, length of the nasopalatine canal and anteroposterior diameter of the nasal foramen) were taken using CBCT with the scanning parameters of 90 kvP, 24 s, 4 mA, voxel size 0.3 mm, and field of view 10×6 cm. The shapes of the nasopalatine canal (NPC) were categorized into 4 types: cylindrical, hourglass, funnel-shaped, and banana (54%, 20.6%, 18.6%, and 4%, respectively). RESULTS The findings showed a clear link between the shape of the NPC and the horizontal dimensions of the anterior maxilla's morphometric properties. In general, decreased horizontal bone dimensions were found in the premaxilla at the banana- and funnel-shaped type for the nasopalatine canal. Also, the anteroposterior diameter of a nasal foramen in the hourglass shape was significantly larger in diameter than all other shapes. Additionally, the morphology of the nasopalatine canal is influenced by its shape. The sagittal cross-section has shown significant correlations with the sizes of the incisive foramen, nasal foramen, and the length of the nasopalatine canal. CONCLUSIONS The study found a correlation between the shape of the NPC and the horizontal dimensions of the anterior maxilla's anatomy. The measurements of NPC in a North Cyprus population slightly differ from the established standards found in the existing literature. Conducting more extensive studies with a larger number of CBCT images will offer additional insights.
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Tomografia Computadorizada de Feixe Cônico , Maxila , Humanos , Tomografia Computadorizada de Feixe Cônico/métodos , Chipre , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Maxila/anatomia & histologia , Maxila/diagnóstico por imagem , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Palato/anatomia & histologia , Palato/diagnóstico por imagemRESUMO
BACKGROUND This retrospective study from a single center in Cyprus aimed to assess labial (buccal) and palatal bone thickness in 6 anterior maxillary teeth of 120 adults using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). MATERIAL AND METHODS The CBCT scans of 120 patients (720 teeth) were examined, with scanning parameters of 90 kvP, 24 s, 4 mA, voxel size 0.3 mm, and field of view of 10×6 cm. All maxillary incisors were categorized into 3 distinct points in terms of buccal (B) and palatal (P) points, with points B1 (buccal) and P1 (palatal) 4 mm below the cementoenamel junction; points B2 and P2 at the midpoint between the labial and palatal alveolar crest plane extending to the root apex; and points B3 and P3 at the root apex. Evaluation was done by measuring the distance from these points to the labial and palatal alveolar bone. RESULTS When the thicknesses were measured between all 6 points and labial and palatal bone, the thickness of point B3 of tooth 13 in men was significantly higher than that in women. At points P1, P2, and P3 for teeth 11 and 13, the palatal bone thickness of men was significantly higher than that of women. At points P2 and P3 of tooth 12, the palatal bone thickness of men was significantly higher than that of women. CONCLUSIONS The study found a correlation between alveolar bone thickness and patient sex in the North Cyprus population. Alveolar bone thickness in the anterior maxillary should be considered in implant treatment and orthodontic techniques.
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Processo Alveolar , Tomografia Computadorizada de Feixe Cônico , Incisivo , Maxila , Humanos , Tomografia Computadorizada de Feixe Cônico/métodos , Masculino , Feminino , Incisivo/diagnóstico por imagem , Estudos Retrospectivos , Maxila/diagnóstico por imagem , Maxila/anatomia & histologia , Adulto , Processo Alveolar/diagnóstico por imagem , Processo Alveolar/anatomia & histologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores Sexuais , Chipre , Caracteres SexuaisRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Digit ratio (2D:4D: the relative length of the 2nd and 4th digit) is thought to be a negative correlate of prenatal testosterone. The 2D:4D is related to oxygen metabolism, but the precise nature of this relationship is unclear. The purpose of the present study was to consider associations between digit ratios (right 2D:4D, left 2D:4D, right-left 2D:4D [Dr-l]) and VO2max and ventilatory thresholds (VT1 and VT2). METHODS: One hundred and thirty-three Caucasian (n = 133) professional football players competing in Cyprus participated in the study. Players underwent anthropometric measurements, and digit lengths were measured from hand scans. They also completed an incremental cardiopulmonary test to exhaustion on a treadmill. RESULTS: There were negative correlations between digit ratios and VO2max (right 2D:4D, r = -.65; left 2D:4D r = -.37, both p < .0001; Dr-l r = -.30, p = .0005). There were no relationships between digit ratios and VT1. For VT2, there were negative relationships with digit ratios (right 2D:4D, r = -.43, p < .0001; left 2D:4D, r = -.21 and Dr-l, r = -.21, both p = .02). Digit ratios are negatively related to VO2max with large (right 2D:4D) and medium (left 2D:4D, Dr-l) effect sizes. For VT2, there were also negative correlations, which were medium (right 2D:4D) and small (left 2D:4D, Dr-l). CONCLUSION: Our findings may help clarify the relationships between digit ratios and high-intensity actions for extended periods, which are dependent on efficient oxygen metabolism.
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Dedos , Consumo de Oxigênio , Futebol , Humanos , Dedos/anatomia & histologia , Dedos/fisiologia , Masculino , Adulto , Adulto Jovem , Futebol/fisiologia , Chipre , Atletas/estatística & dados numéricos , AdolescenteRESUMO
BACKGROUND: There are limited data on endometriosis from the Eastern Mediterranean region. This study for the first time estimates the prevalence and impact of endometriosis on women in Northern Cyprus, an under-represented region in Europe. METHODS: Cyprus Women's Health Research Initiative, a cross-sectional study recruited 7646 women aged 18-55 in Northern Cyprus between January 2018 and February 2020. Cases were identified using self-reported and ultrasound data and two control groups were defined, with (n = 2922) and without (n = 4314) pain. Standardized tools, including the 11-point Numerical Rating Scale and the Short Form 36 Health Survey version 2, were used to assess pain and quality of life, respectively. RESULTS: Prevalence and median diagnostic delay of endometriosis were 5.4% [95% confidence interval (CI): 4.9-5.9%, n = 410] and 7 (interquartile range 15.5) years. Endometriosis cases experienced a higher prevalence of bladder pain compared with asymptomatic pain controls (6.3% vs. 1.0%, P < 0.001) and irritable bowel syndrome relating to pelvic pain compared with symptomatic (4.6% vs. 2.6%, P = 0.027) and asymptomatic (0.3%, P < 0.001) controls. The odds of endometriosis cases reporting an anxiety diagnosis was 1.56 (95% CI: 1.03-2.38) higher than the symptomatic and 1.95 (95% CI: 1.30-2.92) times higher than the asymptomatic controls. The physical component score of the health-related quality-of-life instrument suggested a significant difference between the endometriosis cases and the symptomatic controls (46.8 vs. 48.5, P = 0.034). Average annual economic cost of endometriosis cases was Int$9864 (95% CI: $8811-$10 917) including healthcare, costs relating to absence and loss of productivity at work. CONCLUSION: Prevalence was lower than the global 10% estimate, and substantial proportion of women without endometriosis reported moderate/severe pelvic pain hinting at many undiagnosed cases within this population. Coupled with lower quality of life, significant economic burden and underutilized pain management options, the study highlights multiple opportunities to improve care for endometriosis patients and women with pelvic pain.
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Endometriose , Qualidade de Vida , Humanos , Feminino , Endometriose/diagnóstico , Endometriose/epidemiologia , Diagnóstico Tardio , Estresse Financeiro , Estudos Transversais , Prevalência , Dor Pélvica/epidemiologia , Dor Pélvica/etiologia , ChipreRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Complementary feeding has long-term effects on health but there is heterogeneity in recommendations across Europe. Recommendations include responsive feeding practices and nutritional needs but there is a debate in primary paediatricians as to which one should be the main criterion for complementary feeding. This pilot study investigated (i) the factors affecting the recommendations of paediatricians in Cyprus for starting complementary feeding, (ii) whether their main criterion is the developmental readiness or the nutritional needs of the infant and (iii) how this priority influences recommendations. METHODS: The 11-item questionnaire was completed by 73 Cypriot paediatricians. RESULTS: Approximately 66% of paediatricians recommended starting complementary feeding between 5 and 6 months, 29% between 4 and 5 and 3% between 6 and 7 months. Predefined schemes were recommended by â¼25% of paediatricians, baby-led weaning by 14% and 58% of paediatricians recommended either modality depending on the family circumstances whilst 4% involve the mother in the decision process. Approximately 64% of paediatricians recommended the introduction of parent's diet after the first year of life. Approximately 55% of paediatricians chose developmental readiness and 45% nutritional needs of the infant as their primary criterion for starting complementary feeding. Paediatricians who prioritized developmental readiness were more likely to be younger, less likely to advice on meat quantity and less likely to follow good nutritional practice. CONCLUSIONS: The younger the paediatrician the more likely they are to prioritize developmental readiness over nutritional needs of the infant for complementary feeding. Paediatricians who prioritized developmental readiness were also less likely to provide nutritional advice.
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Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição do Lactente , Pediatras , Humanos , Chipre , Lactente , Feminino , Masculino , Inquéritos e Questionários , Pediatras/estatística & dados numéricos , Projetos Piloto , Adulto , Padrões de Prática Médica/estatística & dados numéricosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the majority of patients received ambulatory treatment, highlighting the importance of primary health care (PHC). However, there is limited knowledge regarding PHC workload in Europe during this period. The utilization of COVID-19 PHC indicators could facilitate the efficient monitoring and coordination of the pandemic response. The objective of this study is to describe PHC indicators for disease surveillance and monitoring of COVID-19's impact in Europe. METHODS: Descriptive, cross-sectional study employing data obtained through a semi-structured ad hoc questionnaire, which was collectively agreed upon by all participants. The study encompasses PHC settings in 31 European countries from March 2020 to August 2021. Key-informants from each country answered the questionnaire. Main outcome: the identification of any indicator used to describe PHC COVID-19 activity. RESULTS: Out of the 31 countries surveyed, data on PHC information were obtained from 14. The principal indicators were: total number of cases within PHC (Belarus, Cyprus, Italy, Romania and Spain), number of follow-up cases (Croatia, Cyprus, Finland, Spain and Turkey), GP's COVID-19 tests referrals (Poland), proportion of COVID-19 cases among respiratory illnesses consultations (Norway and France), sick leaves issued by GPs (Romania and Spain) and examination and complementary tests (Cyprus). All COVID-19 cases were attended in PHC in Belarus and Italy. CONCLUSIONS: The COVID-19 pandemic exposes a crucial deficiency in preparedness for infectious diseases in European health systems highlighting the inconsistent recording of indicators within PHC organizations. PHC standardized indicators and public data accessibility are urgently needed, conforming the foundation for an effective European-level health services response framework against future pandemics.
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COVID-19 , Humanos , COVID-19/epidemiologia , Pandemias , Estudos Transversais , Atenção Primária à Saúde , Efeitos Psicossociais da Doença , ChipreRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Late-onset neonatal sepsis (LOS) is common in preterm neonates, with increasing incidence in recent years. In the present study, we examined the epidemiology, clinical presentation, and complications of LOS in Cyprus and quantified possible risk factors for the development of this condition. METHODS: The study subjects were preterm neonates admitted in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of Archbishop Makarios III Hospital, the only neonatal tertiary centre in Cyprus. A prospective, case-control study was designed, and carried out between April 2017-October 2018. Depending on blood culture results, preterm neonates were classified as "Confirmed LOS": positive blood culture - microorganism isolated and LOS symptoms, "Unconfirmed LOS": negative blood culture and LOS symptoms, and "Controls" group: negative blood culture and absence of LOS symptoms. Comparisons between the 3 groups were performed and the associations between demographic, clinical and treatment characteristics with the likelihood of LOS were assessed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS: A total of 350 preterm neonates were included in the study and the incidence of LOS was 41.1%. 79 (22.6%) and 65 (18.6%) neonates were classified as "Confirmed LOS", and "unconfirmed LOS" cases respectively while 206 (58.9%) served as controls. The rate of confirmed LOS ranged from 12.2% in moderate to late preterm neonates to 78.6% in extremely preterm neonates. In the multivariate model, we demonstrated an independent association between LOS and duration of hospitalization (OR: 1.06, 95%CI: 1.01-1.10), duration of ventilation (OR: 1.23, 95%CI: 1.07-1.43) and necrotising enterocolitis (OR: 3.41, 95%CI: 1.13-10.25). CONCLUSIONS: The present study highlights the epidemiology of LOS in preterm neonates in Cyprus and its association with the duration of ventilation and hospitalization as well as with necrotizing enterocolitis. Establishment of protocols for the prevention of nosocomial infections during hospitalization in the NICUs and mechanical ventilation of preterm neonates is recommended.
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Doenças do Recém-Nascido , Sepse Neonatal , Sepse , Recém-Nascido , Humanos , Sepse Neonatal/diagnóstico , Sepse Neonatal/epidemiologia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Sepse/diagnóstico , Chipre/epidemiologia , Fatores de Risco , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva NeonatalRESUMO
The Teruel Orthorexia Scale (TOS) is a 17-item instrument designed to assess distinct facets of Orthorexia Nervosa (ON) and Healthy Orthorexia (HO). While a bidimensional model of TOS scores has been supported in diverse national and linguistic groups, the psychometric properties of the TOS have not been previously assessed in Greek-speaking populations. To rectify this, we assessed the psychometric properties of a novel Greek translation of the TOS in a sample of adults from Cyprus. A total of 1248 respondents (710 women, 538 men) completed the Greek TOS, as well as previously validated measures of perfectionism, obsessive-compulsive symptomatology, eating restriction, negative affect, and appearance evaluation. Our results showed that a bidimensional model of the TOS had less-than-adequate fit when modelled using both confirmatory factor analysis and exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM). Conversely, both exploratory factor analysis and ESEM supported extraction of a 3-factor model consisting of a HO facet and separate components of emotional orthorexia and cognitive-social orthorexia. This 3-factor model showed a lack of measurement bias (measurement invariance across gender identity and lack of differential item functioning as function of age and body mass index), but there were differences in latent factor means as function of respondent age and body mass index. The 3-factor model showed adequate evidence of construct validity, with the latent emotional orthorexia and cognitive-social orthorexia facets showing significant and moderate associations with the additional constructs measured in the survey. Broadly speaking, these findings support the psychometric properties of a 3-factor model of the Greek TOS, but also suggest that the bidimensional model of the TOS may not have universal applicability. We encourage further assessments of factorial validity in other national and linguistic contexts.
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Transtornos da Alimentação e da Ingestão de Alimentos , Ortorexia Nervosa , Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Chipre , Grécia , Identidade de Gênero , Inquéritos e Questionários , PsicometriaRESUMO
Invasive species pose serious threats to ecosystems. To reduce ecological and economic consequences of invasions, efforts are made to control invaders and evaluating the effects of such efforts is paramount. Lionfishes (Pterois volitans and Pterois miles) are native to the Indo-Pacific Ocean and pose a major threat to local ecosystems in the invaded Atlantic and Mediterranean. Culling via spearfishing is a widespread measure to limit lionfish population size in invaded ranges. However, like most hunted fishes, lionfish alter their behavior after repeated culling, potentially decreasing the effectiveness of future culls. Previous studies on lionfish in the Caribbean have shown that lionfish are less bold after repeated culling. However, the impact of culling on lionfish in their newest invasive range, the Mediterranean, remains enigmatic. To determine the behavioral changes in response to culling in this second area of invasion, we tested for effects of culling on the behavior of lionfish in Cyprus, a region heavily impacted by the lionfish invasion in the Mediterranean. We compared the response of lionfish to an approaching free diver holding a metal pole (imitating a spear fisher) between protected areas where spearfishing is restricted and areas where culls are frequently conducted. We also assessed whether activity, hiding pattern, and site fidelity differed between these culled and unculled sites. Overall, we found limited effects of culling on the traits measured, indicating surprising resistance to culling-induced behavioral changes in Mediterranean lionfish. Future studies should monitor invasive lionfish population densities and the effects of culling in more detail to tailor management plans and reduce the negative effects of these fish in specific invaded ranges.
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Espécies Introduzidas , Perciformes , Animais , Perciformes/fisiologia , Mar Mediterrâneo , Comportamento Animal , Chipre , Densidade Demográfica , Conservação dos Recursos NaturaisRESUMO
This paper explores a novel approach in cancer healthcare, underscoring the significance of fostering health literacy among doctors by enhancing their ability to employ linguistically oriented strategies to extract and interpret the linguistic behavior of patients. The focus is on the Greek-Cypriot context, where research on health literacy is still in its nascent stages.
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Letramento em Saúde , Neoplasias , Médicos , Humanos , Chipre , Atenção à SaúdeRESUMO
The aim of study was to comprehensively investigate the effect of nutritional habits and supplement use on health-related quality of life during social isolation period. This study was a cross-sectional study. A total of 418 participants (73.4% were women and 26.6% were men) participated in this study. Participants' demographic information, nutritional habits, and quality of life were questioned, and anthropometric measurements were obtained. A significant difference was found in the main meal skipping status of individuals by age group. The consumption of milk, yoghurt, ayran, legumes, cereal products other than bread, vegetables, fruits, oilseeds, and snack foods was similar in both periods. Furthermore, frequencies of multivitamins, multiminerals, vitamin B12, vitamin C, vitamin D, iron, calcium, omega-3, and probiotics were similar during and before the pandemic. A significant difference was found in scores obtained on the Quality of Life Scale (QOLS) by age group. There was a significant difference in the quality of life scores by body mass index (BMI) groups. It was concluded that quality of life decreased due to the increase in body weight during pandemic period. The social isolation period did not make a clear difference in the nutritional habits of individuals and the use of nutritional supplements. When the main meal skipping situations were evaluated within the scope of nutritional habits, those who did not skip their main meal received the highest score on the QOLS.
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Suplementos Nutricionais , Qualidade de Vida , Masculino , Humanos , Feminino , Estudos Transversais , Chipre , Verduras , Isolamento SocialRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between childhood trauma and psychological resilience in the Turkish Cypriot community and to identify the predictors of psychological resilience. METHOD: The research was conducted with 354 individuals in a web-based online environment in Northern Cyprus. Data were collected using a "Personal Information Form", the "Adverse Childhood Events Scale", and the "Resilience Scale for Adults". Percentage, mean, standard deviation, and Pearson's correlation analysis were used in the data analysis. RESULTS: In the study, 16.67 % of the participants were exposed to war or conflict when they were young and 10.17 % had a mental illness. In addition, it was determined that there were statistically significant and negative correlations between the Adverse Childhood Events Scale scores and the scores they got from the Adult Resilience Scale and the sub-dimensions of the scale. Female gender and education level predicted the scores on the Resilience Scale for Adults positively, and the presence of mental disease and the scores on the Adverse Childhood Events Scale negatively predicted the scores on the Resilience Scale for Adults. CONCLUSION: In this study, gender, educational status, presence of mental illness, and the total score on the Adverse Childhood Events Scale were determined to be predictive variables affecting resilience. Considering the research findings, it is recommended that nurses plan studies for the protection of the mental health of children and adolescents and the groups exposed to trauma should be psychologically supported to raise individuals with high resilience.
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Experiências Adversas da Infância , Resiliência Psicológica , Humanos , Feminino , Masculino , Chipre , Experiências Adversas da Infância/psicologia , Adulto , Inquéritos e Questionários , Transtornos Mentais/psicologia , Criança , Fatores Sexuais , TurquiaRESUMO
This study was conducted as a pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design to determine the effect of planned education on the genital hygiene behaviors of secondary school female students in northern Cypurs. The research was conducted with 290 adolescents. Data were collected by using a personal information form and the Genital Hygiene Behavior Scale (GHBS). The paired sample t-test was used to analyze the data. It was determined that only 55.2 % of the adolescents received genital hygiene training, 11.7% had a genital infection and 48.6% used cosmetic products for the genital area. After education, there was a statistically significant increase in the GHBS scores and its dimensions, indicating the effectiveness and necessity of genital hygiene education. Genital hygiene education had a positive effect on the knowledge and practices of adolescent females. Therefore, planned education on genital hygiene, in which nurses play an important role, can be conducted regularly educations and home visits.
Cette étude a été menée sous la forme d'un plan quasi-expérimental prétest-posttest pour déterminer l'effet de l'éducation planifiée sur les comportements d'hygiène génitale des étudiantes du secondaire. La recherche a été menée auprès de 290 adolescents. Les données ont été collectées à l'aide d'un formulaire de renseignements personnels et de l'échelle de comportement en matière d'hygiène génitale (GHBS). Le test t pour échantillons appariés a été utilisé pour analyser les données. Il a été constaté que seulement 55,2 % des adolescents avaient reçu une formation en hygiène génitale, 11,7 % souffraient d'une infection génitale et 48,6 % utilisaient des produits cosmétiques pour la région génitale. Après l'éducation, il y a eu une augmentation statistiquement significative des scores GHBS et de ses dimensions, indiquant l'efficacité et la nécessité de l'éducation à l'hygiène génitale. L'éducation à l'hygiène génitale a eu un effet positif sur les connaissances et les pratiques des adolescentes. Par conséquent, une éducation planifiée sur l'hygiène génitale, dans laquelle les infirmières jouent un rôle important, peut être dispensée régulièrement et des visites à domicile.
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Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Higiene , Humanos , Adolescente , Feminino , Chipre , Higiene/educação , Instituições Acadêmicas , Educação em SaúdeRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Congenital diseases are still an important medical, social, and economic problem all over the world. In North Cyprus, in addition to other reasons, early prenatal diagnostic measures are undertaken to prevent births with thalassemia major, a locally widespread genetic disease. AIM: This study aims to evaluate the results of prenatal invasive diagnostic tests performed in a private obstetrics clinic in Northern Cyprus and show the diagnosis process of thalassemia and chromosomal anomalies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study is a retrospective, descriptive study. Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) results and the amniocentesis tests performed between 1990 and 2022 are evaluated. Thalassemia and chromosome analysis of samples obtained by CVS and amniocentesis tests were performed. To diagnose alpha or beta thalassemia and sickle cell, 239 CVS was performed. And to diagnose chromosomal anomalies, 396 CVS and amniocentesis were performed. RESULTS: The mean age of the 480 pregnant women included in the study was 31.12 years (18-46) and 30% of them were older than 34 years. The most common indications for invasive prenatal diagnostic test (IPDT) were; mother/father thalassemia minor/major, advanced maternal age, high risk of ultrasonography erase findings, and the noninvasive screening test. The result of IPDT detected 7.3% chromosomal anomaly and 69.5% thalassemia and sickle cell anemia. Of the 239 CVS performed to diagnose alpha or beta thalasemia and sickle cell, 23.4% beta major, 42.3% beta minor, and 2.1% alpha minor were diagnosed. Of the 396 CVS and amniocentesis performed to diagnose chromosomal anormalies; 2.8% of Down syndrome and 4.54% of other chromosomal anomalies were diagnosed. CONCLUSION: IPDT is important in correctly diagnosing fetal anomalies at the prenatal stage to help families decide at the right time.
Assuntos
Anemia Falciforme , Transtornos Cromossômicos , Talassemia , Gravidez , Feminino , Humanos , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Chipre , Diagnóstico Pré-Natal/métodos , Amostra da Vilosidade Coriônica , Aberrações Cromossômicas , Testes Diagnósticos de RotinaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Breast cancer is the type of cancer that is seen all over the world and ranks first among female cancers in terms of incidence and cause of death. OBJECTIVE: This research was conducted to determine the breast cancer risk level and breast cancer knowledge level in women living in Northern Cyprus. METHODS: The study, which was planned as a relational survey, was carried out as web-based. The research was completed with 657 adult female participants living in Northern Cyprus who volunteered to participate in the study. In order to collect data, the first section includes the introductory features, the second section includes the "Breast Cancer Risk Assessment Form" for determining breast cancer risk levels, the third section includes the "Comprehensive Breast Cancer Knowledge Test" to determine the breast cancer knowledge levels of the participants, and the fourth section includes the "Champion Health Belief Model Scale" was used. RESULTS: It was determined that 95.2% of women were in the low risk group for breast cancer. The knowledge test mean score is 12.05, and it can be said that the scores obtained are above the average (min:4- max:18). It was found that 55.7% of the women knew how to do Breast Self-Examination (BSE), but only 15.4% of them regularly performed BSE every month. It was found that 80.9% of the women never had mammography and their knowledge scores increased with increasing education level (p< 0.001) and there was a significant relationship between non-smokers and their knowledge levels (p< 0.01). IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Despite the high scores of women in knowledge tests, it was observed that the frequency of applying BSE and having mammography was very low. Regardless of the risk factors for breast cancer, the importance of regular check-ups and BSE for every woman should be taught to women by health professionals, and group trainings should be planned for women who do not have training on this subject.
Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama , Autoexame de Mama , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Humanos , Feminino , Neoplasias da Mama/diagnóstico , Neoplasias da Mama/epidemiologia , Chipre/epidemiologia , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Autoexame de Mama/estatística & dados numéricos , Autoexame de Mama/psicologia , Inquéritos e Questionários , Medição de Risco/métodos , Fatores de Risco , Adulto Jovem , Idoso , Detecção Precoce de Câncer , AdolescenteRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Eating behavior is associated with weight gain in infancy and childhood. Few studies found a bidirectional association between weight gain and eating behavior development in childhood, but there is little data on the association in early infancy, a period critical for the programming of obesity risk. OBJECTIVE: We investigated the bidirectional association between appetite traits and weight gain during the first year of life. METHODS: Participants were part of a cohort of 432 infants born in Cyprus. Appetite traits were measured using the Baby Eating Behavior Questionnaire or the Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire at age 2 to 4 wk, 6 mo, and 12 mo. Weight and length were collected at birth, 4 wk, 6 mo, and 12 mo. Multivariable linear regression was used to analyze associations between appetite traits at 2 to 4 wk and 6 mo and weight for age z-score change (WFAZC) between 4 wk and 6 mo and 6 and 12 mo. Associations were also analyzed in the opposite direction, between WFAZC from birth to 4 wk, 4 wk to 6 mo, and 6 mo to 12 mo and appetite traits at 4 wk, 6 mo, and 12 mo. RESULTS: Satiety responsiveness (SR) at 2 to 4 wk was associated with lower WFAZC from 4 wk to 6 mo (ß: -0.17; 95% CI: -0.30, -0.04) and SR at age 6 mo was associated with lower WFAZC from 6 to 12 mo (ß: -0.09; 95% CI: -0.17, -0.02). WFAZC from 4 wk to 6 mo was associated with higher enjoyment of food at 12 mo (ß: 0.11; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.20), higher food responsiveness at 12 mo (ß: 0.17; 95% CI: 0.04, 0.30), and lower SR at both 6 mo (ß: -0.11; 95% CI: -0.21, -0.01) and 12 mo (ß: -0.14; 95% CI: -0.24, -0.03). CONCLUSIONS: We found a bidirectional association between weight gain and appetite traits in infancy, suggesting that the effect of postnatal weight gain on obesity development is partly mediated by programming of appetite traits.