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1.
J Esthet Restor Dent ; 36(7): 1056-1067, 2024 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38581272

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of fluoride consistency and composition to protect enamel and dentin against the dental erosion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Bovine enamel and dentin specimens were treated with artificial saliva, neutral fluoride gel (NFG), acidulated phosphate fluoride gel (AFG), neutral fluoride foam (NFF), and acidulated phosphate fluoride foam. The samples were subjected to cycling. Micro energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, surface roughness (Ra), contact angle (CA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were performed. Composition, CA and Ra data were analyzed by ANOVA and multiple comparison test (p < 0.05). RESULTS: The dentin protected had a significantly higher mineral content than in the control. Eroded unprotected enamel had higher Ra values than normal surfaces. Fluoride treatments increased the Ra in dentin samples. AFG increased the CA in enamel. Fluoride foams increased CA in dentin with reduced mineral loss. SEM analysis found a deposited layer on enamel treated with AFG and remnants of deposits on dentin treated with NFG and NFF. CONCLUSION: Regardless of the form of application, fluoride provided protection against erosion, however with different levels. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Applying the adequate fluoride form is relevant since the formulations have different effects on both enamel and dentin.


Assuntos
Esmalte Dentário , Dentina , Fluoretos , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura , Espectrometria por Raios X , Propriedades de Superfície , Erosão Dentária , Animais , Erosão Dentária/prevenção & controle , Bovinos , Esmalte Dentário/efeitos dos fármacos , Dentina/efeitos dos fármacos , Fluoretos/farmacologia , Fluoreto de Fosfato Acidulado/farmacologia , Saliva Artificial , Fluoretos Tópicos/farmacologia
2.
Clin Oral Investig ; 27(12): 7753-7763, 2023 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37999801

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: This in situ study aimed to investigate the efficacy of CO2 laser at a 10.6-µm wavelength combined with 1.23% acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) and fluoridated dentifrice with 1100 µg F/g (FD) to control enamel caries progression. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixteen volunteers wore palatal appliances containing eight demineralized enamel specimens for four 14-day phases under sucrose exposure. These specimens were submitted to CO2 laser irradiation and APF alone or combined with FD. Treatment groups were non-fluoridated dentifrice-NFD, NFD + CO2 laser, NFD + APF, NFD + CO2 laser + APF, FD, FD + CO2 laser, FD + APF, and FD + CO2 laser + APF. Mineral loss, calcium fluoride (CaF2), fluorapatite (FAp), and fluoride in the biofilm were analyzed by analysis of variance followed by the Student-Newman-Keuls test, p < 0.05. RESULTS: The highest mineral loss inhibition was noted when FD and CO2 laser irradiation were combined, which did not significantly differ from the FD + CO2 laser + APF group. The CaF2, FAp, and F in the biofilm were more pronounced when the FD and APF were combined. The CO2 laser irradiation promoted a slightly higher concentration of CaF2 in the enamel and F in the biofilm. CONCLUSION: Although APF promotes the high formation of CaF2 and FAp, the combined use of FD with CO2 laser overcomes the APF effect in inhibiting the progression of artificial caries-like lesions in situ. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Under the in situ design of this study, remineralization of white spot lesions was achieved through CO2 laser irradiation and daily use of fluoridated dentifrice. Future clinical trials are encouraged to substantiate this finding.


Assuntos
Cárie Dentária , Dentifrícios , Lasers de Gás , Desmineralização do Dente , Humanos , Fluoreto de Fosfato Acidulado/uso terapêutico , Fluoreto de Fosfato Acidulado/farmacologia , Dentifrícios/uso terapêutico , Dentifrícios/farmacologia , Dióxido de Carbono/uso terapêutico , Cariostáticos/uso terapêutico , Suscetibilidade à Cárie Dentária , Cárie Dentária/prevenção & controle , Cárie Dentária/tratamento farmacológico , Fluoretos/uso terapêutico , Apatitas , Lasers de Gás/uso terapêutico , Desmineralização do Dente/prevenção & controle
3.
Medicina (Kaunas) ; 59(12)2023 Dec 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38138221

RESUMO

Background and Objectives: Dental caries is still a dramatic public health problem. The effectiveness of an alternative technique using acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) gel pH 3.5 was evaluated and compared with conventional treatments in reducing dental caries incidence. Materials and Methods: A double-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted, involving 180 children aged 4-11 years. Three groups were formed: NaF varnish (NaFV), APF in tray (APFt), and APF in toothbrush (APFtbru). Clinical examinations were performed using standardized criteria and the ICDAS Index was assessed. The Caries Treatment Needs Index (CTNI) was calculated. Dental examinations were conducted at baseline, 12 months, and 24 months. Results: At baseline, 16,719 dental surfaces were included, with 15,434 surfaces being sound. After 24 months, the Kaplan-Meier analysis showed significant differences between the APFtbru group and the other two groups (p = 0.03). Cox regression analysis revealed that the surfaces treated with NaF varnish had the lowest survival rates (HR = 0.51 95%CI = 0.33/0.81). Occlusal surfaces had the lowest cumulative survival, while other tooth surfaces showed similar performance. Conclusions: The alternative technique of APF gel application with a toothbrush resulted in maintaining dental health over 24 months. This technique can be cost-effective and may offer advantages over traditional fluoride varnish application.


Assuntos
Fluoreto de Fosfato Acidulado , Cárie Dentária , Criança , Humanos , Fluoreto de Fosfato Acidulado/uso terapêutico , Cárie Dentária/tratamento farmacológico , Fluoretos Tópicos/uso terapêutico , Géis/uso terapêutico , Distribuição Aleatória , Escovação Dentária , Método Duplo-Cego
4.
Caries Res ; 56(1): 73-80, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34915485

RESUMO

Although fluoride varnish (FV) and acidulated phosphate fluoride gel (APF-gel) are considered clinically effective to reduce caries, in vitro studies have shown that FV reacts slowly with enamel because most NaF present in the formulation is not solubilized in the FV. Therefore, we conducted a clinical study to evaluate if the time that FV remains on dental surfaces could overcome its slower chemical reactivity when compared with APF-gel. Sixty-eight volunteers were randomly allocated into 4 groups: negative control (Control, no treatment), APF-gel application (1.23% F applied for 4 min), and FV application (Duraphat®, 2.26% F) for 4 h (FV-4h) or 24 h (FV-24 h). To evaluate fluoride formed and retained on enamel, acid biopsies were made on the buccal surfaces of the maxillary central incisors before, at the end of the application of fluoride products (immediately after gel application, or after 4 or 24 h of varnish application), and after 7 and 28 days. Fluoride concentration in dental biofilm was also analyzed before and up to 28 days after initial application. The data were analyzed by 2-way ANOVA, considering treatment and time as factors. The APF-gel and FV-24h groups formed greater fluoride concentration on enamel than the FV-4h and the control group at the end of application (p = 0.0001), with no difference from each other (p = 0.99). The groups did not differ regarding fluoride in biofilm fluid (p = 0.73) and solids (p = 0.40). In conclusion, FV needs to remain in contact with the teeth for prolonged times (>4 h) to reach the same reactivity obtained by a 4-min application of APF-gel.


Assuntos
Cárie Dentária , Fluoretos Tópicos , Fluoreto de Fosfato Acidulado/farmacologia , Cárie Dentária/tratamento farmacológico , Cárie Dentária/prevenção & controle , Esmalte Dentário , Fluoretos/farmacologia , Fluoretos Tópicos/farmacologia , Géis , Humanos
5.
Lasers Med Sci ; 34(3): 449-455, 2019 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30215185

RESUMO

To evaluate the effect of Er,Cr:YSGG laser, associated with fluoride application, on the prevention/control of dentin erosion. Dentin slabs were embedded in acrylic resin, flattened, and polished. Half of the specimens were previously eroded (10 min immersion in 1% citric acid solution) and half were kept sound. The specimens (n = 10 each substrate) were randomly allocated into the experimental groups, according to the following treatments: control (no treatment); APF gel (1.23% F, 1 min); Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation (P1: 0.25 W, 20 Hz, 2.8 J/cm2, tip S75, beam diameter of 750 µm, 1 mm away from the surface); Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation (P2: 0.50 W, 20 Hz, 5.7 J/cm2, tip S75, beam diameter of 750 µm, 1 mm away from the surface); APF gel + Er,Cr:YSGG laser P1 and; APF gel + Er,Cr:YSGG laser P2. Afterwards, the specimens underwent an erosion-remineralization cycling, consisting of a 5-min immersion into 0.3% citric acid, followed by 60-min exposure to artificial saliva. This procedure was repeated 4×/day, for 5 days. Surface loss (SL, in µm) was determined by optical profilometry. Specimens from each group were analyzed by environmental scanning electron microscopy (n = 3). Data were statistically analyzed (α = 0.05). For the eroded specimens, APF gel presented the lowest SL, being different from the control. For the sound specimens, none of the groups differed from the control, except for Er,Cr:YSGG laser P2, which presented the highest SL. When substrates were compared, only the eroded specimens of the control and APF + Er,Cr:YSGG laser P1 Groups showed higher SL. Selective structure removal was observed for the laser-treated groups. None of the Er,Cr:YSGG laser parameters were effective in the prevention/control dentin erosion. The laser was also unable to enhance the protection of fluoride against dentin erosion.


Assuntos
Fluoreto de Fosfato Acidulado/uso terapêutico , Dentina/efeitos dos fármacos , Progressão da Doença , Lasers de Estado Sólido/uso terapêutico , Erosão Dentária/tratamento farmacológico , Erosão Dentária/prevenção & controle , Animais , Bovinos , Dentina/ultraestrutura , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura
6.
J Contemp Dent Pract ; 20(9): 1082-1089, 2019 Sep 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31797834

RESUMO

AIM: To evaluate the effectiveness of CO2 laser treatment before applying 1.23% acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF), through topically applied 1.23% APF solution, and after applying 1.23% APF on acid resistance and fluoride uptake of the enamel. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty non-carious human premolars were extracted due to the orthodontic reason and stored in distilled water solution under refrigeration. Using a water-cooled diamond disc, enamel slabs of 4 mm × 4 mm × 1.5 mm were cut from the buccal surface of each tooth. Sixty samples were randomly divided into one control group and five test groups of 10 premolars each. Solution was prepared for wet chemical analysis followed by fluoride analysis that was carried out using a fluoride ion selective electrode (Thermo Scientific Orion 4-Star Plus ISE Meter). The weight of enamel (WE) was determined from the amount of calcium (Ca) etched away considering the fact that the Ca content of the human enamel is 37.4 wt%. The subgroups were statistically analyzed using ANOVA for fluoride determination and evaluation of acid resistance. RESULTS: There was a significant increase in acid resistance of enamel slabs when treated individually or in combination of a low-power CO2 laser and 1.23% APF solution. Application of 1.23% APF solution after low-power CO2 laser treatment showed maximum increase in acid resistance. CONCLUSION: Application of a low-power pulsed CO2 laser through topically applied 1.23% APF solution resulted in a detrimental effect of the human tooth enamel with resultant decrease in acid resistance. High fluoride uptake does not necessarily indicate increased acid resistance. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The present study provides evidence that a low-power CO2 laser can be used effectively in combination with topically applied 1.23% APF solution in order to make the enamel more resistant to acid attack, thereby helping in controlling dental caries.


Assuntos
Fluoreto de Fosfato Acidulado , Cárie Dentária , Dióxido de Carbono , Esmalte Dentário , Fluoretos , Humanos
7.
Lasers Med Sci ; 33(5): 1009-1017, 2018 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29354864

RESUMO

The aim of this in-vitro study was to evaluate positive effects of the carbon dioxide laser (CO2, 10,600 nm) with acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) gel on enamel acid resistance. Twenty extracted human third molars (40 surfaces) were randomly assigned into four groups: group C, untreated control; group L, CO2 laser alone group; group F, APF 1.23% fluoride gel; and group FL, APF 1.23% gel and laser. Samples from group L were irradiated with a CO2 laser for 30s. The parameter settings used were average power, 0.73 W; time on, 100 µs; time off, 40 ms; tip-to-tissue distance, 20 mm; tip diameter 700 µm; and energy density with movements, 5 J/cm2. Samples from group F were treated with the APF gel for 4 min, and the gel was washed off with distilled water. The enamel samples from group FL were treated with APF gel for 4 min and then irradiated with the CO2 laser for 30s without removing the gel. Each enamel sample was placed in 50 ml soft drink (pH = 2.75) for 10 min then rinsed with deionized water and stored in artificial saliva at 37 °C for 1 h. Samples were assessed for Vickers hardness number (VHN) before and after treatments and subjected to SEM analysis. Data were analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's test (α < 0.05). After the acid challenge, the untreated C group was demineralized to a great extent and the enamel surface was with the lowest mean score of microhardness. The observed VHN in the control (C group) had a mean value of 176.13, the scores in the CO2 laser group (L group) were with mean value of 238.40, the F group with a mean value of 218.45, and the fluoride-treated and laser-irradiated FL group-with a mean of 268.28 VHN. Paired t test performed to compare groups C, L, F, and FL has shown that group FL has greater resistance to decrease in microhardness of dental enamel (P ≤ 0.05) on exposure to acidic protocol. After the acid challenge, the fluoride-treated and laser-irradiated samples (group FL) showed the least diminution in enamel surface microhardness. The sub-ablative carbon dioxide laser irradiation in combination with fluoride treatment is more effective in protecting enamel surface and resisting demineralization than CO2 laser irradiation or fluoride alone.


Assuntos
Fluoreto de Fosfato Acidulado/farmacologia , Esmalte Dentário/efeitos da radiação , Esmalte Dentário/ultraestrutura , Fluoretos Tópicos/farmacologia , Lasers de Gás/uso terapêutico , Esmalte Dentário/efeitos dos fármacos , Dureza , Humanos , Desmineralização do Dente/radioterapia
8.
Int J Mol Sci ; 19(2)2018 Feb 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29389868

RESUMO

This in vitro study evaluated the compositional, crystalline, and morphological effects promoted by Nd:YAG laser on root dentin, and verified the effects of laser and topical acidulated phosphate fluoride application (APF-gel) on dentin erosion. 180 bovine dentin slabs were randomized into 4 groups (n = 45): G1-untreated, G2-APF-gel (1.23% F-, 4 min), G3-Nd:YAG (1064 nm, 84.9 J/cm², 10 Hz), and G4-APF-gel application followed by Nd:YAG laser irradiation. The compositional, crystalline, and morphological effects promoted by treatments were investigated on five samples of each experimental group. The other samples were submitted to a 5-day, 10-day, or 15-day erosive and abrasive demineralization and remineralization cycling in order to create erosion lesions. The area and depth of lesions, as well as the optical attenuation coefficient, were assessed, and all data were statistically analysed (p < 0.05). Nd:YAG laser promoted the reduction of carbonate, the formation of tetracalcium phosphate, as well as the melting and recrystallization of the dentin surface. Laser significantly decreased the area and depth of erosion lesions and altered the optical attenuation coefficient when compared to untreated and APF-gel groups, but the association of APF-gel and laser did not promote an additional effect. Nd:YAG laser irradiation can be a promissory treatment to prevent dentin erosion and the abrasion process.


Assuntos
Fluoreto de Fosfato Acidulado/farmacologia , Dentina/efeitos dos fármacos , Dentina/efeitos da radiação , Lasers de Estado Sólido , Erosão Dentária/prevenção & controle , Animais , Bovinos , Cristalização , Dentina/química , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura , Estrutura Molecular , Distribuição Aleatória , Espectroscopia de Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier/métodos , Raiz Dentária/química , Raiz Dentária/efeitos dos fármacos , Raiz Dentária/efeitos da radiação
9.
J Contemp Dent Pract ; 19(12): 1506-1511, 2018 Dec 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30713181

RESUMO

AIM: The present study was conducted to assess the effects of topical fluoride on casted Titanium and nickel chromium using Scanning Electron Microscope. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This in vitro study comprised of 45 specimens of Titanium and 45 specimens of nickel-chromium of same dimensions. They were divided into three groups of 15 each. GroupI specimens were immersed in 2% neutral sodium fluoride (NaF) solution for 16 minutes. Group II specimens were placed in 1.23% acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) gel for eight minutes. Group III specimens were placed in distilled water for 8 minutes. All specimens were evaluated for surface roughness using a scanning electron microscope. RESULTS: Data thus obtained were subjected to statistical analysis including post-hoc test and analysis variance (ANOVA). There was no significant increase in surface roughness of nickel- chromium specimens in group I, II and III (p > 0.05) whereas Titanium specimens in group II showed a substantial increase in surface roughness (p < 0.05). There was surface corrosion of Titanium specimens and slight pitting of nickel-chromium specimens in group II. CONCLUSION: The studied preparation (1.23%) of acidulated phosphate fluoride has shown to affect the surface roughness of Titanium and nickel-chromium specimens whereas 2% neutral sodium fluoride and distilled water has no noticeable effect, therefore, providing some logical clinical correlations. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Clinicians must be well known about the logical usages of topical fluorides in dentistry. Different fluoride concentrations and preparations are capable of producing prosthesis's surface roughness of various degrees. Surface roughness is acting as potent areas of bacterial adhesion, plaque retention, calculus retention and microcrack formation with poor esthetics and therefore it significantly affect long-term prosthesis success. Thus, the operator must be very critically monitoring and managing the harmful effects of acidic fluoridated on prosthesis made up of casted Titanium and nickel-chromium.


Assuntos
Fluoreto de Fosfato Acidulado/química , Ligas de Cromo/química , Ligas Dentárias/química , Titânio/química , Técnicas In Vitro , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura , Propriedades de Superfície
10.
Caries Res ; 51(3): 179-187, 2017.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28222429

RESUMO

High fluoride dentifrice (FD; 5,000 ppm F) has been recommended to arrest root dentine lesions and to control enamel caries in high-risk patients. Also, standard FD (1,100 ppm F) in combination with professional fluoride application has been recommended to control dentine caries, but the effect of this combination on enamel has been considered modest. Considering the lack of evaluation comparing the use of 5,000 ppm FD (5,000-FD) versus acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) application combined with 1,100 ppm FD (1,100-FD) on the inhibition and repair of caries lesions in both enamel and dentine, we conducted this in situ, double-blind, crossover study of 3 phases of 14 days. In each phase, 18 volunteers wore palatal appliances containing enamel and root dentine specimens, either sound or carious, to evaluate the effect of the treatments on the inhibition or repair of caries lesions, respectively. The treatments were non-FD (negative control), 5,000-FD, or 1 APF gel application on dental specimens combined with 1,100-FD used twice per day (APF + 1,100-FD). The reduction of demineralization and enhancement of remineralization were assessed by surface and cross-sectional hardness. Fluoride concentration was determined on dental specimens and on the formed biofilm. For enamel, APF + 1,100-FD and 5,000-FD did not differ regarding the inhibition of demineralization and repair of caries lesions. However, for dentine the difference between these treatments was inconclusive because while APF + 1,100-FD was more effective than 5,000-FD in caries lesion reduction and repair, 5,000-FD was more effective than APF + 1,100-FD in the reduction of surface demineralization. Therefore, the findings show that the combination of APF + 1,100-FD is as effective as 5,000-FD in enamel inhibition of demineralization and enhancement of remineralization.


Assuntos
Fluoreto de Fosfato Acidulado/farmacologia , Cariostáticos/farmacologia , Cárie Dentária/prevenção & controle , Dentifrícios/farmacologia , Fluoretos Tópicos/farmacologia , Desmineralização do Dente/prevenção & controle , Remineralização Dentária/métodos , Estudos Cross-Over , Método Duplo-Cego , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Propriedades de Superfície , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto Jovem
11.
J Clin Pediatr Dent ; 41(1): 22-26, 2017.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28052211

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: There is some evidence that water rinsing immediately after topical fluoride therapy has the potential to reduce the effectiveness of fluoride. The aim was to determine if covering fluoridated teeth with a layer of mousse containing CPP-ACP could prevent the adverse effect of rinsing on fluoride and consequently its buffering effect on dental plaque pH during cariogenic challenge. STUDY DESIGN: This randomized, controlled, crossover, in situ study was conducted on 25 participants. The participants were subjected to acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) application followed by five treatment protocols: (1) water rinsing after 30 minutes (APF-30) or (2) immediate water rinsing (APF-0); (3) using CPP-ACP immediately before water rinsing (F-CPP-ACP); and two control groups: (4) no fluoride therapy (No-F) and (5) using CPP-ACP and immediate water rinsing (CPP-ACP-0). After 48 hours, teeth were rinsed with 10% sucrose solution and plaque pH was measured before and after 5, 10, 15, 20 and 30 minutes. RESULTS: The least pH changes, the lowest pH drop, and the quickest pH recovery were found in the APF-30 and F-CPP-ACP groups. APF-0 ranked in the middle and the highest values were in the control groups. CONCLUSIONS: The results show that in the case using CPP-ACP on fluoridated teeth, water rinsing immediately after topical fluoride therapy did not seem to influence the inhibitory effect of fluoride on plaque acidity.


Assuntos
Fluoreto de Fosfato Acidulado/uso terapêutico , Cariostáticos/uso terapêutico , Caseínas/uso terapêutico , Placa Dentária/química , Fluoretos Tópicos/uso terapêutico , Água/administração & dosagem , Adulto , Estudos Cross-Over , Feminino , Humanos , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Masculino , Adulto Jovem
12.
J Clin Pediatr Dent ; 41(4): 275-279, 2017.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28650787

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the effect of acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) gel and casein phosphopeptide/amorphous calciumphosphate (CPP-ACP) on the dental erosion produced by carbonated soft drink in primary teeth. STUDY DESIGN: This study evaluated by an in vitro model the effect of APF gel and CPP-ACP on the dental enamel previously subjected to erosive challenge with carbonated soft drink. Sixty sound human primary molars were prepared by embedding the crown sections in acrylic resin blocks leaving the enamel surfaces exposed. The surface roughness of the enamel was measured with prophilometry at baseline. Specimens were randomly divided into three treatment groups (n:20): artificial saliva, CPP-ACP, 1.23% APF gel. All specimens were then exposed to an erosive challenge of carbonated soft drink and artificial saliva for 20 cycles of 20 seconds each. Demineralization-remineralization cycles was repeated twice at eight-hour intervals and roughness values were measured. Enamel samples were treated with artificial saliva, CPP-ACP, 1.23% APF gel applied for 10 min after erosive challenge. The arithmetic average roughness (Ra) readings were recorded after remineralization agents were applied. RESULTS: The mean surface roughness in all groups increased significantly after erosion process and decreased after remineralization treatment. After treatment, the mean surface roughness of the 1.23% APF gel group was significantly less than the other groups and the mean surface roughness of the artificial saliva group was significantly more than the other groups. 1.23% APF gel showed the highest protective effect against erosive enamel loss. CONCLUSIONS: Under the conditions of this study, artificial saliva, CPP-ACP and 1.23% APF treatments were able to reduce erosive enamel loss produced by carbonated soft drink in primary teeth. However, 1.23% APF gel showed the highest protective effect against erosive enamel loss.


Assuntos
Fluoreto de Fosfato Acidulado/farmacologia , Bebidas Gaseificadas/efeitos adversos , Caseínas/farmacologia , Esmalte Dentário/efeitos dos fármacos , Desmineralização do Dente/tratamento farmacológico , Desmineralização do Dente/etiologia , Erosão Dentária/prevenção & controle , Géis , Humanos , Técnicas In Vitro , Dente Molar , Propriedades de Superfície , Erosão Dentária/etiologia
13.
Lasers Med Sci ; 31(3): 539-47, 2016 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26873502

RESUMO

This study evaluated if Carbon dioxide (CO2) (λ 10.6 µm) laser irradiation combined with acidulated phosphate fluoride gel application (APF gel) enhances "CaF2" uptake by demineralized enamel specimens (DES) and inhibits enamel lesion progression. Thus, two studies were conducted and DES were subjected to APF gel combined or not with CO2 laser irradiation (11.3 or 20.0 J/cm(2), 0.4 or 0.7 W) performed before, during, or after APF gel application. In study 1, 165 DES were allocated to 11 groups. Fluoride as "CaF2 like material" formed on enamel was determined in 100 DES (n = 10/group), and the surface morphologies of 50 specimens were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) before and after "CaF2" extraction. In study 2, 165 DES (11 groups, n = 15), subjected to the same treatments as in study 1, were further subjected to a pH-cycling model to simulate a high cariogenic challenge. The progression of demineralization in DES was evaluated by cross-sectional microhardness and polarized light microscopy analyses. Laser at 11.3 J/cm(2) applied during APF gel application increased "CaF2" uptake on enamel surface. Laser irradiation and APF gel alone arrested the lesion progression compared with the control (p < 0.05). Areas of melting, fusion, and cracks were observed. CO2 laser irradiation, combined with a single APF application enhanced "CaF2" uptake on enamel surface and a synergistic effect was found. However, regarding the inhibition of caries lesion progression, no synergistic effect could be demonstrated. In conclusion, the results have shown that irradiation with specific laser parameters significantly enhanced CaF2 uptake by demineralized enamel and inhibited lesion progression.


Assuntos
Fluoreto de Cálcio/metabolismo , Cárie Dentária/terapia , Dente Molar/efeitos da radiação , Desmineralização do Dente/terapia , Fluoreto de Fosfato Acidulado/farmacologia , Fluoreto de Cálcio/farmacologia , Quimiorradioterapia , Esmalte Dentário/efeitos dos fármacos , Esmalte Dentário/metabolismo , Esmalte Dentário/patologia , Esmalte Dentário/efeitos da radiação , Géis , Humanos , Lasers de Gás/uso terapêutico , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura , Dente Molar/efeitos dos fármacos , Dente Molar/metabolismo , Dente Molar/patologia
14.
Gen Dent ; 64(6): e16-e20, 2016.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27814263

RESUMO

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 16% carbamide peroxide and 1.23% acidulated phosphate fluoride application and their association with a change in color (ΔE*) and brightness of dental ceramic submitted to different finishing procedures. A total of 120 test specimens were fabricated and randomly divided into 3 groups (n = 40) according to the type of finishing: glazing; polishing; or polishing and glazing. Initial color and brightness readouts were taken, and the finished specimens were divided into groups (n = 10) according to the treatment to which they were submitted: fluoride; bleaching; bleaching and fluoride; or control. After this, final color and brightness readouts were taken. The type of polishing had no influence on ΔE* or brightness (P > 0.05). Regardless of which solution was used, a decrease in brightness occurred only for the group treated with bleach and fluoride (P < 0.05). The results showed the use of fluoride after bleaching may interfere with the esthetics of a restoration.


Assuntos
Cerâmica/química , Fluoretos/farmacologia , Clareadores Dentários/farmacologia , Fluoreto de Fosfato Acidulado/farmacologia , Administração Tópica , Peróxido de Carbamida , Cor , Polimento Dentário , Peróxidos/farmacologia , Ureia/análogos & derivados , Ureia/farmacologia
15.
J Contemp Dent Pract ; 17(6): 451-6, 2016 Jun 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27484597

RESUMO

AIMS: The aim of this study is to assess the influence of eating, prior to application of professionally used gels, on the rate of fluoride absorption due to the ingestion of 1.23% acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF). MATERIALS AND METHODS: After fasting for 12 hours, 16 adult volunteers (> 65 kg) ingested two types of meal: Breakfast (n = 8) and Lunch (n = 8). Accidental ingestion of fluoride gel used in molding trays was simulated (12,300 ppm; 61.5 mg F; pH = 4.65) 15 minutes after eating. After ingestion of the fluoride solution, 3 mL of venous blood were collected at the following times: Zero (before ingestion) and 15, 30, 45 minutes, 1, 2, and 3 hours. Fluoride concentrations in blood plasma were determined using an ion selective electrode. RESULTS: With the exception of time 0 (p > 0.05), the average blood plasma concentration of the breakfast group (BG) (0.34 ± 0.04 mg/L) was higher than that of the lunch group (LG) (0.24 ± 0.03 mg/L), with the moment of peak concentration being 2 hours after ingestion for both groups (BG = 0.4 mg/L; LG = 0.28 mg/L). CONCLUSION: Results reinforce the idea that eating before undergoing professional application of fluoride is a factor of extreme importance regarding its safety, and that the time following a patient's heaviest meal should be the time of choice for planning clinical care. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Our results should be considered when planning collective action that involves the application of the gel on children in a school environment, thus ensuring the procedure's safety.


Assuntos
Fluoreto de Fosfato Acidulado/administração & dosagem , Fluoreto de Fosfato Acidulado/farmacocinética , Cariostáticos/administração & dosagem , Cariostáticos/farmacocinética , Ingestão de Alimentos , Fluoretos Tópicos/administração & dosagem , Fluoretos Tópicos/farmacocinética , Adulto , Géis , Voluntários Saudáveis , Humanos , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio
16.
Tex Dent J ; 133(3): 184-9, 2016 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27188011

RESUMO

Studies demonstrated a significant synergism between fluoride and laser in reduction of enamel solubility. However, minimal research has focused on testing the sequence of their application and no other research investigated the preventive effect of repeated applications of a combined treatment. This study investigated the effect of two applications of fluoride-laser sequence on the resistance of sound enamel to cariogenic challenge compared to one-time application. Sixty enamel slabs were cut from 10 human incisors, ground flat, polished and coated with nail varnish except a 2 x 2 mm window. Specimens were randomly assigned into five groups of 12 specimens; (CON-) negative-control received no treatment, (CON+) positive-control received pH challenge, (FV) treated with M fluoride varnish, (F-L1) one-application fluoride-varnish followed by CO2 laser-treatment (short-pulsed 10.6 µm, 2.4J/ cm2, 10HZ, 10sec), and (F-L2) two-applications of fluoride varnish-laser treatment. Specimens were left in distilled water for one day between applications. Except CON-, all groups were submitted to pH cycling for 9-days (8 demin/ remin + 1 day remineralisation bath) at 37°C. Enamel demineralization was quantitatively evaluated by measurement of Knoop surface-microhardness (SM H) (50-grams/10 seconds). Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA (p ≤ 0.05) followed by Duncan's Multiple Range Test. Within the limitations of this study, it was found that one or two applications of fluoride-laser sequence significantly improved resistance of the sound enamel surface to acid attack compared to FV-treated group. Although the two applications of fluoride-laser sequence (F-L1 and F-L2) showed higher SMH values, significant resistance to demineralization was only obtained with repeated applications.


Assuntos
Fluoreto de Fosfato Acidulado/farmacologia , Cárie Dentária/prevenção & controle , Esmalte Dentário/efeitos dos fármacos , Esmalte Dentário/efeitos da radiação , Fluoretos Tópicos/farmacologia , Terapia a Laser/instrumentação , Dióxido de Carbono , Dureza , Humanos , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Técnicas In Vitro , Dente Molar , Distribuição Aleatória , Propriedades de Superfície , Desmineralização do Dente , Remineralização Dentária
17.
Am J Dent ; 28(3): 174-80, 2015 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26201230

RESUMO

PURPOSE: To analyze whether immersion in sodium fluoride (NaF) solutions and/or common acidic beverages (test solutions) would affect the surface roughness or topography of lithium disilicate ceramic. METHODS: 220 ceramic discs were divided into four groups, each of which was subdivided into five subgroups (n = 11). Control group discs were immersed in one of four test beverages for 4 hours daily or in artificial saliva for 21 days. Discs in the experimental groups were continuously immersed in 0.05% NaF, 0.2% NaF, or 1.23% acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) gel for 12, 73, and 48 hours, respectively, followed by immersion in one of the four test beverages or artificial saliva. Vickers microhardness, surface roughness, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) associated with energy dispersive spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy (AFM) assessments were made. Data were analyzed by nested analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's test (α = 0.05). RESULTS: Immersion in the test solutions diminished the microhardness and increased the surface roughness of the discs. The test beverages promoted a significant reduction in the Vickers microhardness in the 0.05% and 0.2% NaF groups. The highest surface roughness results were observed in the 0.2% NaF and 1.23% APF groups, with similar findings by SEM and AFM. Acidic beverages affected the surface topography of lithium disilicate ceramic. Fluoride treatments may render the ceramic surface more susceptible to the chelating effect of acidic solutions.


Assuntos
Bebidas , Cariostáticos/química , Porcelana Dentária/química , Fluoretos/química , Fluoreto de Fosfato Acidulado/química , Bebidas Gaseificadas , Citrus sinensis , Café , Microanálise por Sonda Eletrônica , Frutas , Dureza , Humanos , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Teste de Materiais , Microscopia de Força Atômica , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura , Saliva Artificial/química , Fluoreto de Sódio/química , Propriedades de Superfície , Fatores de Tempo , Vinho
18.
Int J Paediatr Dent ; 25(6): 393-8, 2015 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25327581

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of a treatment for non-cavitated occlusal lesions on erupting permanent molars and to verify whether initial eruption stage and final biofilm accumulation are associated with lesions activity after the treatment. METHODS: Forty-eight patients aged from 5 to 13 years old were selected. Molars with active non-cavitated lesions on the occlusal surface were classified according to eruption stage. Patients received a treatment for 4 weeks based on oral health instructions and fluoride applications. Three weeks after the end of the treatment, 39 patients were reassessed and lesion activity status and biofilm accumulation were recorded. Odds ratios were obtained using generalized estimating equations with logistic link function. RESULTS: Partially erupted molars were more prone to remain caries-active than molars in full occlusion (E1: OR = 301.1; E2: OR = 49.0 and E3: OR = 1107.3). High biofilm accumulation was associated with the presence of active lesions. CONCLUSIONS: Biofilm accumulation and eruption stage strongly influenced the effectiveness of a treatment for dental caries.


Assuntos
Fluoreto de Fosfato Acidulado/uso terapêutico , Biofilmes/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Cárie Dentária/terapia , Dente Molar/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Erupção Dentária/fisiologia , Adolescente , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Protocolos Clínicos , Cárie Dentária/microbiologia , Oclusão Dentária , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Escovação Dentária
19.
J Clin Dent ; 26(2): 44-9, 2015.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26349125

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To determine the relative ability of various F-containing products to protect enamel against the initiation and progression of tooth surface loss due to erosive acid challenges. METHODS: Cores of enamel were prepared from extracted human teeth, soaked in pooled human saliva (pellicle formation), and then treated in a 1:3 slurry (product:saliva) of either OTC level (1100 ppm F) or prescription level (5000 ppm F) products, followed by a standardized erosion cycling procedure (five days of cycling) that included 10-minute challenges with an erosive dietary acid (1% citric acid at pH 2.3) applied 60 minutes after each dentifrice treatment (repeated four times per day). Enamel surface loss was measured using transverse microradiography. Two studies were conducted. Study 1 included: A) 1100 ppm F as NaF; B) 1100 ppm F as stabilized SnF; C) 5000 ppm F as NaF; and D) 5000 ppm F as NaF + acidulated phosphate. Study 2 included: 1) 1100 ppm F as stabilized SnF; 2) 5000 ppm F as NaF + tricalcium phosphate; and 3) 1100 ppm F as NaF. RESULTS: Study 1: Treatment B (1100 ppm F as SnF), where specimens lost only 8.0 µm of the enamel surface, was significantly more effective than Treatments A, C, and D at protecting enamel against the initiation and progression of erosive acid damage (p < 0.05). Specimens treated with product A exhibited 22.8 (1.25) µm (mean ± sem) of enamel loss; 20.0 (0.71) µm of enamel loss with treatment C and 24.0 (1.4) µm of enamel loss with Treatment D. Study 2 also demonstrated significantly greater erosion protection with the stabilized SnF2 dentifrice (p < 0.05), with only 5.8 (1.93) µm of tooth surface loss, while groups 2 and 3 lost 19.8 (0.75) µm and 18.0 (2.16) µm, respectively. CONCLUSION: Results from both studies demonstrated the OTC dentifrice formulated with stabilized SnF2 provides significantly greater protection against erosive acid attack compared to some of the most popular prescription level (5000 ppm F) fluoride treatments available.


Assuntos
Cariostáticos/uso terapêutico , Dentifrícios/uso terapêutico , Medicamentos sem Prescrição/uso terapêutico , Fluoreto de Sódio/uso terapêutico , Fluoretos de Estanho/uso terapêutico , Erosão Dentária/prevenção & controle , Fluoreto de Fosfato Acidulado/uso terapêutico , Fosfatos de Cálcio/uso terapêutico , Ácido Cítrico/efeitos adversos , Esmalte Dentário/efeitos dos fármacos , Esmalte Dentário/patologia , Película Dentária/fisiologia , Progressão da Doença , Humanos , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Teste de Materiais , Microrradiografia/métodos , Substâncias Protetoras/uso terapêutico , Fatores de Tempo , Erosão Dentária/patologia
20.
Int Dent J ; 64(1): 1-11, 2014 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24460589

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to examine non-cavitated approximal caries using non-invasive treatment methods. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Molar and premolar teeth with approximal caries were used in this in vivo study. Approximal caries lesions were evaluated with visual and radiographic inspection and with the DIAGNOdent device. Five groups were formed to study non-invasive treatment, and each had at least 25 early approximal carious lesions. Patients in the control group were not treated. After the separation, either ozone application, acidulated phosphate fluoride gel, CPP-ACP-containing material (Tooth Mousse), or an antibacterial bonding agent (Clearfil Protect Bond) was used. For 18 months after the non-invasive treatment, radiological controls were used to observe the progress of the initial and approximal caries in the 1st, 3rd, 6th and 12th months of follow-up. A Mann-Whitney U-test was used to perform the statistical analysis; in-group comparisons were made with the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and a quantitative assessment was performed using a chi-squared test. RESULTS: At the end of 18 months, the caries lesions in the control group were observed to progress (P < 0.01). The lesions that were scored as 1a during a visual inspection recovered by using non-invasive treatments. CONCLUSION: Approximal caries lesions that were detected at the early stages remained stationary when using antibacterial agents and materials that promoted remineralisation. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Antibacterial agents and remineralisation materials can be used in treatment of early approximal caries lesions.


Assuntos
Cárie Dentária/terapia , Remineralização Dentária/métodos , Fluoreto de Fosfato Acidulado/uso terapêutico , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Dente Pré-Molar/efeitos dos fármacos , Dente Pré-Molar/patologia , Cariostáticos/uso terapêutico , Caseínas/uso terapêutico , Cárie Dentária/diagnóstico , Esmalte Dentário/efeitos dos fármacos , Esmalte Dentário/patologia , Adesivos Dentinários/uso terapêutico , Progressão da Doença , Seguimentos , Humanos , Lasers , Dente Molar/efeitos dos fármacos , Dente Molar/patologia , Oxidantes Fotoquímicos/uso terapêutico , Ozônio/uso terapêutico , Radiografia Interproximal , Coroa do Dente/efeitos dos fármacos , Coroa do Dente/patologia , Resultado do Tratamento
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