Clinical use of digital applications for diagnostic and treatment planning in prosthodontics: A scoping review.

AIM: This scoping review aimed to compile and evaluate clinical trials investigating digital applications in prosthetic diagnostics and treatment planning by assessing their clinical relevance and future potential. METHODS: Following the PCC-framework for scoping reviews and combining the source of analysis (Population/P: "prosthodontics"), the technique of interest (Concept/C: "digital application") and the field of interest (Context/C: "diagnostics"), a three-pronged search strategy was applied in the database PubMed and Web of Science. Clinical trials (≥10 study participants, English/German) were considered until 2023-03-09. Reporting adhered to the PRISMA-ScR statement. RESULTS: The search identified 520 titles, of which 18 full-texts met the inclusion criteria for data extraction. The trials involved a total of 14,457 study participants and were mapped for prosthetic subdisciplines: fixed (n = 9; 50%) and removable (n = 4; 22%) prosthodontics, reconstructive dentistry in general (n = 3; 17%), and temporo-mandibular joint disorders (n = 2; 11%). Data merging of medical format files, as DICOM+STL, was the dominant digital application (n = 7; 39%); and virtual treatment simulation using digital smile design or digital wax-up represented the most frequent prosthetic diagnostics (n = 6; 33%). CONCLUSION: This scoping review identified a relatively low number of clinical trials. The future potential of digital diagnostics appears to be mostly related to the subdiscipline of fixed prosthodontics, especially regarding virtual treatment simulation for communication with the patient and among dental professionals. Artificial intelligence emerged as a key technology in many of the identified studies. Further research in this area is needed to explore the capabilities of digital technologies in prosthetic diagnostics and treatment planning.

The Potential of Artificial Intelligence in Prosthodontics: A Comprehensive Review.

Prosthodontics is a dental subspecialty that includes the preparation of dental prosthetics for missing or damaged teeth. It increasingly uses computer-assisted technologies for planning and preparing dental prosthetics. This study aims to present the findings from a systematic review of publications on artificial intelligence (AI) in prosthodontics to identify current trends and future opportunities. The review question was "What are the applications of AI in prosthodontics and how good is their performance in prosthodontics?" Electronic searching in the Web of Science, ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Cochrane Library was conducted. The search was limited to full text from January 2012 to January 2024. Quadas-2 was used for assessing quality and potential risk of bias for the selected studies. A total of 1925 studies were identified in the initial search. After removing the duplicates and applying exclusion criteria, a total of 30 studies were selected for this review. Results of the Quadas-2 assessment of included studies found that a total of 18.3% of studies were identified as low risk of bias studies, whereas 52.6% and 28.9% of included studies were identified as studies with high and unclear risk of bias, respectively. Although they are still developing, AI models have already shown promise in the areas of dental charting, tooth shade selection, automated restoration design, mapping the preparation finishing line, manufacturing casting optimization, predicting facial changes in patients wearing removable prostheses, and designing removable partial dentures.

Advancing maxillofacial prosthodontics by using pre-trained convolutional neural networks: Image-based classification of the maxilla.

PURPOSE: The study aimed to compare the performance of four pre-trained convolutional neural networks in recognizing seven distinct prosthodontic scenarios involving the maxilla, as a preliminary step in developing an artificial intelligence (AI)-powered prosthesis design system. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seven distinct classes, including cleft palate, dentulous maxillectomy, edentulous maxillectomy, reconstructed maxillectomy, completely dentulous, partially edentulous, and completely edentulous, were considered for recognition. Utilizing transfer learning and fine-tuned hyperparameters, four AI models (VGG16, Inception-ResNet-V2, DenseNet-201, and Xception) were employed. The dataset, consisting of 3541 preprocessed intraoral occlusal images, was divided into training, validation, and test sets. Model performance metrics encompassed accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), and confusion matrix. RESULTS: VGG16, Inception-ResNet-V2, DenseNet-201, and Xception demonstrated comparable performance, with maximum test accuracies of 0.92, 0.90, 0.94, and 0.95, respectively. Xception and DenseNet-201 slightly outperformed the other models, particularly compared with InceptionResNet-V2. Precision, recall, and F1 scores exceeded 90% for most classes in Xception and DenseNet-201 and the average AUC values for all models ranged between 0.98 and 1.00. CONCLUSIONS: While DenseNet-201 and Xception demonstrated superior performance, all models consistently achieved diagnostic accuracy exceeding 90%, highlighting their potential in dental image analysis. This AI application could help work assignments based on difficulty levels and enable the development of an automated diagnosis system at patient admission. It also facilitates prosthesis designing by integrating necessary prosthesis morphology, oral function, and treatment difficulty. Furthermore, it tackles dataset size challenges in model optimization, providing valuable insights for future research.

Assessment of reproducibility and influence of different dental specialties on functional implant prosthodontic score: A prospective clinical study analyzing single-unit implant crowns.

AIM: Implant therapy in partially edentulous patients has become the most adapted and predictable treatment modality. The success rate of implants has been measured in terms of esthetic, biological, and technical factors such as radiographic bone loss, prosthetic complications, and stability. Despite the existence of several indices for the esthetic assessment of implant crowns, a need for functional evaluation of the implant crown with an objective and reproducible score has arisen. The study aims to validate the reproducibility of the functional implant prosthodontic score (FIPS) and the influence exerted by different dental specialties while evaluating posterior single-unit implant crowns. STUDY SETTING AND DESIGN: This was a prospective clinical study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifteen patients with cement-retained single-implant crowns in the posterior region of the jaws were included. Eight examiners, two prosthodontists, two periodontists, two oral surgeons, and two orthodontists evaluated 15 photographs of single-unit implant crowns during the 1-year follow-up examination. The examiners assessed the photographs for FIPS, which includes five parameters for objectively evaluating the single-unit implant crowns. Assessments were performed twice at a gap of 4 weeks. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Pearson's correlation with a 95% confidence interval was calculated for the intra-examiner and the Kruskal-Wallis test for inter-examiner reproducibility. RESULTS: The mean total FIPS scores for all included examiners were 7.133 for time T1 and 7.074 for time T2, showing a strong Pearson correlation coefficient for intra-examiner reproducibility. No significant difference was analyzed among different specialties with statistically significant values of the Kruskal-Wallis test. CONCLUSION: Intra- and inter-examiner analysis showed very consistent results during the reproducibility assessment of FIPS. The results validated the use of FIPS as a long-term predictive functional evaluation tool for the single-implant crowns in posterior sites irrespective of the effect of different dental specialties. It could be used for risk estimation and prognosis for long-term survival and performance of implant crowns.

Precise jaw relation recorder: An innovative device for prosthodontic rehabilitation.

BACKGROUND: The orchestration of jaw relations in edentulous scenarios poses a significant challenge, demanding acumen, and expertise from the clinician. A myriad of devices, substances, and methodologies are employed to gauge the transverse, vertical, and horizontal spectrums of jaw relations. Traditionally, a synthesis of assorted devices and techniques has been requisitioned to chronicle the spatial dynamics between the maxilla and mandible. Yet, the absence of a solitary apparatus capable of concurrently documenting the triad of jaw relations has been a notable lacuna in prosthodontic rehabilitation. PURPOSE: This discourse expounds on an innovative contrivance, termed the Precise Jaw Relation Recorder. This pioneering instrument is adept at capturing the tripartite jaw relation processes: the occlusal plane's alignment in parallelism to the ala-tragus line, the vertical dimension at repose, and the occlusion as well as the centric relation. The device's strategic utility lies in its ability to facilitate the creation of prostheses that are not only functionally superior but also aesthetically more pleasing. CONCLUSION: Its implementation is a stride toward refining the accuracy of prosthodontic outcomes, thereby elevating the standard of patient care in dental practice.

Rehabilitación del sector anterosuperior mediante protocolo digital / Rehabilitation of the anterior-superior sector using digital protocol

Presentamos un caso clínico en el que todos los pasos y etapas (Diagnóstico, planificación, cirugía de inserción de implantes y rehabilitación prostodóncica) han sido realizados mediante recursos digitales (CBCT, impresión digital, escáner facial, planificación prostodóncica, cirugía guiada, carga inmediata, prótesis definitiva). La precisión del tratamiento y la predictibilidad del mismo, superan a la técnica habitual, si bien es preciso un entrenamiento previo para poder utilizar al máximo estos recursos. (AU)

We present a clinical case in which all the steps and stages (diagnosis, planning, implant insertion surgery, and prosthodontic rehabilitation) have been performed using digital resources (CBCT, digital impressions, facial scanning, prosthodontic planning, guided surgery, immediate loading, definitive prosthesis). The accuracy and predictability of the treatment surpass the traditional technique, although prior training is necessary to make the most of these resources. (AU)

Flexural strength of polyether ether ketone high-performance polyether in comparison with base metal alloy and zirconia ceramic / Resistencia a la flexión del poliéter éter cetona poliéter de alto rendimiento en comparación con la aleación de metal base y la cerámica de circonio

Optimal flexural strength is a critical prerequisite for prosthetic frameworks. This study aimed to assess the flexural strength of polyether ether ketone (PEEK) polymer compared to a base metal alloy and high-strength Zirconia ceramic commonly used in prosthodontic treatments. Materials and Methods: In this in vitro, experimental study, 10 bar-shaped samples measuring 18×5×2mm were fabricated of each the PEEK polymer, nickel-chromium base metal alloy and zirconia ceramic. Half of the samples in each group were subjected to 5000 thermal cycles between 5°C - 55°C with 20 seconds of dwell time and 20 seconds of transfer time to simulate oral conditions. All samples then underwent three-point bending test. Two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's test were applied to compare the mean flexural strength of the groups with and without thermocycling at 0.05 level of significance. Results: The flexural strength of base metal alloy, Zirconia and PEEK was 1387.70±45.50 MPa, 895.13±13.99 MPa and 192.10±5.37 MPa, respectively. The difference was significant among the groups (p<0.001). Thermocycling had no significant effect on the flexural strength of samples in any group (p=0.306). Conclusion: PEEK high-performance polymer had a lower flexural strength than base metal alloy and Zirconia ceramic, and its flexural strength was not affected by thermocycling. PEEK seems to be able to resist masticatory forces in the oral cavity pending further in vitro and clinical studies.

La resistencia a la flexión óptima es un requisito previo crítico para los marcos protésicos. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar la resistencia a la flexión del polímero de poliéter éter cetona (PEEK) en comparación con una aleación de metal base y cerámica de Zirconia de alta resistencia comúnmente utilizada en tratamientos de prostodoncia. Materiales and Métodos: En este estudio experimentalin vitro, se fabricaron 10 muestras en forma de barra de 18 × 5 × 2mm de cada polímero PEEK, aleación de metal base de níquel-cromo y cerámica de circonio. La mitad de las muestras en cada grupo fueron sometidas a 5000 ciclos térmicos entre 5°C - 55°C con 20 segundos de tiempo de permanencia y 20 segundos de tiempo de transferencia para simular condiciones orales. Todas las muestras se sometieron a una prueba de flexión de tres puntos. Se aplicó ANOVA bidireccional seguido de la prueba de Tukey para comparar la resistencia a la flexión media de los grupos con y sin termociclado a un nivel de significancia de 0.05. Resultados: La resistencia a la flexión de la aleación de metal base, Zirconia y PEEK fue de 1387,70 ± 45,50 MPa; 895,13 ± 13,99 MPa y 192.10 ± 5,37 MPa, respectivamente. La diferencia fue significativa entre los grupos (p<0,001). El termociclado no tuvo un efecto significativo sobre la resistencia a la flexión de las muestras en ningún grupo (p=0,306).Conclusión:El polímero de alto rendimiento PEEK tiene una resistencia a la flexión más baja que la aleación de metal base y la cerámica de circonio, y su resistencia a la flexión no se vio afectada por el termociclado. PEEK parece ser capaz de resistir las fuerzas masticatorias en la cavidad oral, con la necesidad de más estudios in vitroy clínicos.

El tratamiento con implantes cigomáticos en pacientes con atrofia maxilar severa / Treatment with zygomatic implants in patients with advanced atrophy of maxilla

El tratamiento con implantes en pacientes con diabetes. Un estudio comparativo a 7 años

Treatment with zygomatic implants in patients with advanced atrophy of maxilla

El tratamiento con implantes en pacientes con diabetes. Un estudio comparativo a 7 años / Treatment with zygomatic implants in patients with advanced atrophy of maxilla

INTRODUCCIÓN: La implantología oral puede constituir una modalidad terapéutica en el tratamiento prostodóncico de los pacientes con compromiso médico. El estudio muestra la evaluación del tratamiento con implantes en pacientes con diabetes comparados con pacientes sin diabetes. MÉTODOS: 48 pacientes edéntulos totales (24 pacientes diabéticos y 24 no diabéticos) fueron tratados con 96 implantes con superficie arenada y grabada Galimplant ® en la mandíbula para su rehabilitación prostodóncica con sobredentaduras mandibulares. 2 implantes fueron insertados en cada paciente. Los implantes fueron cargados funcionalmente tras un periodo de tiempo de 6 semanas con retenedores de fricción. Los hallazgos clínicos (implantológicos y prostodóncicos) se han seguido durante 7 años. RESULTADOS: Los resultados indican una supervivencia de los implantes del 95,8%. Durante el periodo de seguimeinto clínico se perdieron 4 implantes (dos implantes en cada grupo). La pérdida de hueso marginal media fué de 0,7 mm en ambos grupos. El 100% de los pacientes fueron tratados mediante una sobredentadura implantorretenida con anclajes de fricción. En 14 pacientes se realizaron cambios en los componentes plásticos de los ataches. El seguimiento clínico medio fue de 82,5 meses (60-102 meses). CONCLUSIONES: Los resultados del presente estudio indican que el tratamiento con implantes dentales en pacientes diabéticos es una terapéutica exitosa sin diferencias entre los pacientes diabéticos y no diabéticos

INTRODUCTION: Implant dentistry can to constitute a therapeutic modality in the prosthodontic treatment of medically compromised patients. This study reports the evaluation of treatment with implants in patients with diabetes compared with patients without diabetes. METHODS: 48 edentulous patients (24 diabetic patients and 24 non-diabetic patients) were treated with 96 Galimplant ® sand-blasted and acid-etched surface implants for prosthodontic rehabilitation with mandibular overdentures. Two implants were inserted in each patient. Implants were loaded after a healing free-loading period between 6 weeks with locator attaches. Clinical findings (implant and prosthodontics) were followed during at 7 years. RESULTS: Clinical results indicate a survival rate of implants of 95.8% in both groups. Four implant was lost during the follow-up period (two implants in each group). Media marginal bone loss was 0.7 mm in both groups. 100% of patients were treated with overdentures retained with 2 implants with locator attaches. Changes in plastic components of attaches were reported in 14 patients. The media follow-up was of 82.5 months (60-102 months). CONCLUSIONS: Clinical results of this study indicate that treatment with dental implants in diabetic patients is a successful implant treatment without differences with nondiabetic patients

Comparison of peri-implant bone loss between conventional drilling with irrigation versus low-speed drilling without irrigation

Background: To compare the technique of high speed drilling with irrigation and low speed drilling without irrigation in order to evaluate the success rate and peri-implant bone loss at 12 months of follow-up. Material and Methods: A randomized, controlled, parallel-group clinical trial was carried out in patients requiring dental implants to rehabilitate their unitary edentulism. Patients were recruited from the Oral Surgery Unit of the University of Valencia (Spain) between September 2014 and August 2015. Patients who met the inclusion criteria were randomized to two groups: group A (high-speed drilling with irrigation) and group B (low-speed drilling without irrigation). The success rate and peri-implant bone loss were recorded at 12 months of follow-up. Results: Twenty-five patients (9 men and 16 women) with 30 implants were enrolled in the study: 15 implants in group A and 15 implants in group B. The mean bone loss of the implants in group A and group B was 0.83 ± 0.73 mm and 0.62 ± 0.70 mm, respectively (p> 0.05). In the maxilla, the bone loss was 1.04 ± 0.63 mm in group A and 0.71 ± 0.36 mm in group B (p> 0.05), while bone loss in the mandible was 0.59 ± 0.80 mm in group A and 0.69 ± 0.77 mm in group B (p> 0.05). The implant success rate at 12 months was 93.3% in group A and 100% in group B. Conclusions: Within the limitations of the study, the low-speed drilling technique presented peri-implant bone loss outcomes similar to those of the conventional drilling technique at 12 months of follow-up (AU)

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Factores relacionados con el éxito o el fracaso de los implantes dentales colocados en la especialidad de Prostodoncia e Implantología en la Universidad de La Salle Bajío / Factors related to the success or failure of dental implants placed in the specialty prosthodontics and implantology at Universidad of La Salle Bajio

Introducción. La terapia odontológica con implantes es un tratamiento que debe tener planeación quirúrgica y protésica adecuada para evitar fracasos. Entre los factores que influyen en el éxito de los implantes se encuentran la condición del paciente, las características del sitio receptor y de la técnica, y el tipo de rehabilitación protésica. Objetivo. Identificar los factores que contribuyen al éxito o al fracaso de los implantes colocados en el Posgrado de Prostodoncia e Implantología de La Salle Bajío. Materiales y métodos. Se evaluaron 371 implantes colocados por los residentes del Posgrado de Prostodoncia e Implantología de la Universidad de La Salle Bajío a partir del año 2010 hasta el mes de junio del 2014. Para determinar los factores relacionados con la colocación se rellenó una hoja de control para cada uno de ellos donde se describían los datos del paciente, la condición sistémica, las características del implante y los procedimientos de la fase quirúrgica. Para evaluar los resultados se realizó un análisis estadístico de regresión logística múltiple. Resultados. De los 371 implantes colocados, se registró el fracaso de 19 implantes previos a la fase protésica, con una tasa de éxito del 95%. No se observó que la condición sistémica del paciente influyera en el éxito de los implantes, sin embargo, el tabaquismo intenso (más de 10 cigarros al día) sí influyó (p=0,0001). Otros factores que se relacionaron con la tendencia al fracaso fueron la colocación del implante en una cirugía sin colgajo (p=0,02) y que se hubiera colocado con un torque menor a 15Nm (p=0,0001). Conclusiones. Según los datos recabados en esta investigación, se observó que los factores de riesgo para el fracaso en implantes son el tabaquismo, la poca o nula estabilidad primaria y la cirugía sin colgajo (AU)

Introduction. The dental implant therapy is a treatment that must require adequate surgical and prosthetic planning to avoid failures. Among the factors that influence success of the implants are the patient's condition, the characteristics of the recipient site and technology and the type of prosthetic rehabilitation. Objective. To identify factors contributing to the success or failure of implants placed in the Graduate Prosthodontics and Implantology at the University of La Salle Bajio. Material and methods. A total of 371 implants placed by residents of the graduate Prosthodontics and Implantology at the University of La Salle Bajio from 2010 to May 2014. To determine the factors associated with the placement a control sheet was made for each patient, where patient data, systemic condition, characteristics of the implant and the surgical procedures performed were described. To evaluate the results a statistical analysis of multiple logistic regression was performed. Results. Of the 371 implants placed, the failure of 19 implants before prosthetic phase occurred, obtaining a success rate of 95%. It was not observed that systemic patient's condition influenced the success of implants, however heavy smoking (more than 10 cigarettes a day) was significant (P=.0001). Other factors related to the failure trend were implant placement in flapless surgery (P=.02) and placement with a torque lower than 15Nm (P=.0001). Conclusions. According to the data collected, this investigation showed that the risk factors for implant failure include smoking, little or no primary stability and flapless surgery (AU)

Capacidad retentiva de una nueva crema adhesiva para prótesis dentales: estudio pilot / Retentive capacity of a new adhesive cream for dental prostheses: Pilot study

Introducción: un adhesivo para prótesis dentales debe mostrar, como principales propiedades, una fuerza adhesiva y una viscosidad perdurables en el tiempo. Objetivo: Determinar la capacidad de fijación de prótesis de un nuevo adhesivo protésico durante 8 días en condiciones normales de uso. Se evaluaron sus propiedades organolépticas y la percepción de eficacia por los participantes. Métodos: Estudio clínico exploratorio, longitudinal y observacional en 20 pacientes con prótesis dental completa removible. El producto se aplicó 1 vez/día, durante 8 días, en la arcada superior. Se establecieron 5 visitas del estudio, con determinaciones de la resistencia a la tracción en el momento basal (T0), a los 30 minutos (T30'), a las 12 horas (T12) y a las 24 horas (T24). Resultados: La fuerza media empleada para desplazar la prótesis dental fue de 188,13±113,52 cN; 418,50 ±93,60 cN; 470,50±76,03 cN y 428,0±140,73 cN para los puntos temporales T0, T30', T12 y T24, respectivamente; todas las diferencias fue-ron significativas vs. basal (p≤0,0001). El total de pacientes mostró una percepción satisfactoria sobre la eficacia y las características organolépticas del producto. No se registraron efectos adversos. Conclusiones: El adhesivo dental estudiado, aplicado durante 8 días en condiciones normales de uso, se asoció a un incremento significativo en la resistencia a la tracción durante 24 horas, aumento que fue máximo a las 12 horas. El adhesivo dental presentó muy buena aceptabilidad y tolerancia (AU)

Introduction: The ideal denture adhesive should show, as main properties, a durable adhesive strength and viscosity. Objective: To determine the denture retention capacity of a dental adhesive for 8 days under normal conditions of use. Its organoleptic properties and perception of efficacy were evaluated by the participants. Methods: Exploratory, longitudinal and observational clinical study in 20 patients with complete removable dental prostheses. The product was applied once a day for 8 days in the upper arch. Five study visits were established, with determinations of tensile strength at baseline (T0), at 30 minutes, at 12 and at 24 hours. Results: The mean force used to displace the dental prosthesis was 188.13±113.52 cN; 418.50±93.60 cN; 470.50±76.03 cN and 428.0±140.73 cN for the time points T0, T30', T12 and T24, respectively; all differences were significant vs. baseline (p≤0,0001). The total of patients showed a satisfactory impression on the efficiency and organoleptic characteristics of the product. No adverse effects were reported. Conclusions: The dental adhesive studied, applied during 8 days under normal conditions of use, was associated with a signigicant 24-hour increase in tensile strength, effect which was maximum at 12 hours. The cream presented very good acceptability and tolerance (AU)

La elevación del seno maxilar en el tratamiento con implantes dentales. Un estudio a 4 años / Sinus floor augmentation in the treatment with dental implants. A 4-year study

INTRODUCCIÓN: El objetivo del presente estudio era mostrar los resultados de la elevación del seno maxilar con biomateriales en el tratamiento con implantes del maxilar posterior. MÉTODOS: 70 pacientes edéntulos parciales fueron tratados con 181 implantes Galimplant(R) con superficie arenada y grabada con ácidos para la rehabilitación del maxilar posterior mediante la técnica de elevación de seno y relleno con betafosfato tricálcico (Osteoblast(R)). Los implantes fueron cargados después de un periodo de cicatrización de 6-8 meses. RESULTADOS: Los hallazgos clínicos indican una supervivencia y éxito de los implantes del 98,4%. Tres implantes se perdieron durante el periodo de cicatrización. El 85,1% de los implantes fueron insertados simultáneamente a la elevación del seno maxilar. Después de un periodo medio de carga funcional de 57,4 meses, no ha habido complicaciones tardías. El 22,4% de los implantes fueron restaurados con coronas unitarias y el 77,6% con puentes fijos. CONCLUSIONES: Este estudio indica que la rehabilitación del maxilar posterior con implantes mediante la técnica de elevación del seno maxilar constituye un tratamiento dental exitoso

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to report the outcomes of sinus augmentation with a biomaterial in implant therapy of posterior maxilla. METHODS: 70 partial edentulous patients were treated with 181 Galimplant(R) sandblasted-etched surface implants for rehabilitation of posterior maxilla by sinus floor augmentation with betatricalcium phosphate (Osteoblast(R)). Implants were loaded after a healing free-loading period of 6-8 months. RESULTS: Clinical results indicate a survival and success rate of implants of 98,4%. 3 implants were lost during the healing period. 85,1% of implants were inserted simultaneously following the sinus floor elevation. After a mean functioning period of 57.4 months, no late complications were reported. Implants were restored with single crowns (22.4%) and fixed bridges (77.6%). CONCLUSIONS: This study indicate that rehabilitation of posterior maxilla with implant therapy by sinus floor augmentation technique constitute a successful dental treatment

La rehabilitación fija sobre implantes en pacientes edéntulos totales. Un estudio a dos años / Fixed implant-supported rehabilitation in edentulous patients. A 2-year study

INTRODUCCIÓN: El objetivo del presente estudio era mostrar los resultados clínicos del tratamiento con una rehabilitación fija mediante implantes dentales en pacientes edéntulos totales. MÉTODOS: Veinte pacientes fueron tratados con 248 implantes Galimplant(R) de conexión externa y con superficie arenada y grabada para la rehabilitación fija. Los implantes fueron cargados después de un periodo de cicatrización de 2 meses. El seguimiento clínico fue al menos de 24 meses. RESULTADOS: 145 implantes fueron insertados en el maxilar superior y 103 implantes en la mandíbula. Se realizaron 27 rehabilitaciones fijas, 15 maxilares y 12 mandibulares. El 100% de las prótesis realizadas fueron cementadas. Los hallazgos clínicos indican una supervivencia y éxito de los implantes del 98,4%. Cuatro implantes se perdieron durante el periodo de cicatrización. Después de un periodo medio de carga funcional de 27,3 meses, no ha habido complicaciones tardías. CONCLUSIONES: Este estudio indica que el tratamiento con una rehabilitación fija mediante implantes dentales en pacientes edéntulos constituye una terapéutica con éxito

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to report the clinical outcomes of treatment of edentulous patients with fixed prostheses supported with dental implants. METHODS: 20 patients were treated with 248 Galimplant(R) external connection and sandblasted and acid-etched surface implants for fixed rehabilitation. Implants were loaded after a healing freeloading period of 2 months. The follow-up were at least 24 months. RESULTS: 145 implants were inserted in maxilla and 103 implants in mandible. 27 fixed rehabilitations, 15 maxillary and 12 mandibular were realized. 100% of patients were restored with cemented fixed prostheses. Clinical results indicate a survival and success rate of implants of 98.4%. 4 implants were lost during the healing period. After a mean functioning period of 27.3 months, no late complications were reported. CONCLUSIONS: This study indicate that treatment with fixed protheses by dental implants in edentulous patients constitute a successful treatment

Chitosán más clorhexidina (Bexident®Post) en el control del dolor y la inflamación posoperatoria en implantología oral. Estudio piloto / Chitosan and chlorhexidine (Bexident®Post) in controlling postoperative pain and inflammation in oral implantology. Pilot study

OBJETIVOS: Evaluación de la eficacia del chitosán más la clorhexidina en el control del dolor y la inflamación posoperatoria en cirugía implantológica oral. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Es un estudio clínico piloto prospectivo en pacientes a los que se les colocan implantes. A todos los pacientes se les pauta después de la cirugía Bexident(R)Post en gel, tres veces al día durante siete días. Se valora la inflamación, la apertura bucal, el nivel de dolor, el grado de cicatrización y la opinión sobre el producto. RESULTADOS: Se han colocado 138 implantes en 54 pacientes. El 64% eran varones y la media de tiempo quirúrgico fue de 76 minutos. La inflamación y apertura bucal pre y postoperatoria no es significativa con una p= 0,000. Se han consumido 11 unidades analgésicas de media en los 7 días del posoperatorio. El EVA ha sido de 3,0 (DS= 2,0) a las 6 horas, 2,0 (DS= 2,0) a las 24 horas, 2,02 (DS= 1,0) el segundo día, 1,0 (DS= 1,0) el tercer y cuarto día y 0,0 el quinto, sexto y séptimo día. El grado de cicatrización es bueno en el 88,9% (48 pacientes); regular, en el 7,4% (4 pacientes) y malo, en el 3,7% (2 pacientes). 45 pacientes (83,3%) responden positivamente a todas las preguntas referentes al producto. CONCLUSIONES: El producto se muestra fácil de usar, el sabor es adecuado y en este estudio la inflamación, el dolor y el consumo de medicamentos han sido mínimos. OBJECTIVES: Evaluation of the effectiveness of chitosán and chlorhexidine in controlling postoperative pain and inflammation in oral implant surgery. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective pilot clinical study in patients with implants. Bexident(R)Post gel are prescribed three times a day during 7 days to all patients. Inflammation, bucal opening, level of pain, degree of healing and opinion about the product are valued

OBJECTIVES: Evaluation of the effectiveness of chitosán and chlorhexidine in controlling postoperative pain and inflammation in oral implant surgery. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective pilot clinical study in patients with implants. Bexident(R)Post gel are prescribed three times a day during 7 days to all patients. Inflammation, bucal opening, level of pain, degree of healing and opinion about the product are valued. RESULTS: 138 implants were placed in 54 patients. 64% were males and the mean operative time was 76 minutes. The inflammation, pre and post-operative mouth opening are not significant at p= 0.000. 11 analgesic units have been consumed on average during 7 days of post-operative. The EVA was 3.0 (SD= 2.0) at 6 hours, 2.0 (SD= 2.0) at 24 hours, 2.02 (SD= 1.0) the second day, 1.0 (SD= 1.0) the third and fourth day and 0.0 the fifth, sixth and seventh day. The degree of healing is good in 88.9% (48 patients), fair in 7.4% (4 patients) and bad in 3.7% (2 patients). 45 patients (83%) respond positively to al questions regarding the product. CONCLUSIONS: The product is shown as easy to use, the taste is right and in this study, inflammation, pain and medicine use have been minimal. Double-blind study is needed in order to evaluate its effectiveness

Sobredentaduras mandibulares sobre dos implantes en pacientes edéntulos totales. Un estudio a tres años / Mandibular overdentures over two implants in totally edentulous patients. A 3-year study

INTRODUCCIÓN: En la actualidad, la implantología oral constituye una modalidad terapéutica en el tratamiento prostodóncico de los pacientes mayores edéntulos totales. El estudio muestra la evaluación del tratamiento con sobredentaduras mandibulares mediante la carga precoz de implantes dentales. MÉTODOS: Treinta pacientes edéntulos totales fueron tratados con 60 implantes con superficie arenada y grabada Galimplant(R) en la mandíbula para su rehabilitación prostodóncica con sobredentaduras. Dos implantes fueron insertados en cada paciente. Los implantes fueron cargados funcionalmente tras un periodo de tiempo de 6 semanas con retenedores de fricción. Los hallazgos clínicos (implantológicos y prostodóncicos) se han seguido durante al menos 24 meses. RESULTADOS: Los resultados indican una supervivencia y éxito de los implantes del 98,3%. Durante el periodo de cicatrización libre de carga funcional, se perdió un implante por movilidad. La pérdida de hueso marginal media fue de 0,4 mm (0-1,1 mm). El 100% de los pacientes fueron tratados mediante una sobredentadura implantorretenida con anclajes de fricción. En cuatro pacientes se realizaron cambios en los componentes plásticos de los ataches. El seguimiento clínico medio fue de 40,8 meses (24-60 meses). CONCLUSIONES: Los resultados del presente estudio indican que la rehabilitación prostodóncica mediante la carga precoz con sobredentaduras con implantes de los pacientes edéntulos mandibulares representa una terapéutica implantológica con éxito

INTRODUCTION: Today, oral implantology constitute a therapeutic modality in the prosthodontic treatment of totally edentulous patients. This study reports the evaluation of treatment with overdentures in the mandible by early loading of dental implants. METHODS: 30 edentulous patients were treated with 60 Galimplant(R) sand-blasted and acid-etched surface implants for prosthodontic rehabilitation with overdentures in the mandible. Two implants were inserted in each patient. Implants were loaded after a healing free-loading period between 6 weeks with locator attaches. Clinical findings (implant and prosthodontics) were followed during at least 24 months. RESULTS: Clinical results indicate a survival and success rate of implants of 98,3%. One implant was lost during the healing period. Media marginal bone loss was 0.4 mm (0-1.1 mm). 100% of patients were treated with overdentures retained with 2 implants with locator attaches. Changes in plastic components of attaches were reported in 4 patients. The media follow-up was of 40.8 months (24-60 months). CONCLUSIONS: Clinical results of this study indicate that prosthodontic rehabilitation in the mandible of edentulous patients with early loading of overdentures supported by implants is a successful implant treatment

Estudio piloto in vitro para determinar la precisión del ARCUSdigma en la determinación de posiciones condilares / In vitro pilot study to determine the accuracy of the ARCUSdigma to determine condylar positions

En este trabajo pretendemos determinar la precisión, entendida como el grado de concordancia de las medidas entre si, de un pantógrafo electrónico (ARCUSdigma) en la determinación de dos posiciones condilares seleccionadas, sobre una muestra constituida por los modelos de siete pacientes montados en articulador semiajustable. Tras analizar los resultados obtenidos y teniendo en cuenta las limitaciones con que cuenta el estudio, podemos concluir que dicho instrumento presenta una alta precisión a la hora de realizar tales determinaciones (AU)

In this work we seek to determine the accuracy (it is the concordance of the measures) of an electronic pantograph (ARCUSdigma) to determine two condylar positions. We have a sample constituted by the models of seven patients mounted in a semiajustable articulator. In spite of the limitations of this study, the results indicate that the instrument has a high precision for these determinations (AU)

Relación céntrica: revisión de conceptos y técnicas para su registro. Parte I / Centric relation: concepts revision and recording techniques. Part I

La relación céntrica ha sido objeto de disparidad de criterios en la odontología durante más de un siglo. A lo largo de este trabajo, vamos a exponer diferentes métodos usados tanto para obtener el registro, como para comprobar su certeza y corroborar la posición condilar. Dado que no existe evidencia científica en el tema, en este trabajo, revisaremos los estudios experimentales que aparecen en la literatura. Los hemos divididos en dos partes, la primera relacionada con la definición de relación céntrica y la segunda parte relacionada con técnicas de registro, posición condilar y la discrepancia entre relación céntrica y oclusión céntrica (AU)

The centric relation has been controversial on dentistry during more of one century. Along of this work, we are going to expose different methods to recording as checking the accuracy and condilar position. Given that there aren’t scientific evidence, in this work, we review the researches publicated. We have divided them into two parts; the first is related with the definition of centric relation and the second part is related with recording techniques, condilar position and centric relation- centric occlusion discrepancy (AU)