Sequential measurement of beta 2-microglobulin levels, p24 antigen levels, and antibody titers following transplantation of a human immunodeficiency virus-infected kidney allograft.

ABSTRACT

A renal allograft recipient developed symptoms suggestive of AIDS. Serological studies revealed that the donor was positive for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Retrospective testing of stored sequential serum samples showed that the recipient was negative for HIV pretransplant; anti-p24 and anti-p41 antibodies appeared 10 and 49 days posttransplant, respectively. The recipient's serum beta 2-microglobulin levels were elevated 14 days posttransplant, with normal renal function, 35 days before the detection of anti-p24 antibody. p24 Antigen was detected for the first time 21 days posttransplant. In addition to p24 antigen, elevated serum beta 2-microglobulins may be a useful marker for HIV infection prior to seroconversion.