Mental practice improves hand function after hemiparetic stroke.

PURPOSE: In a multiple baseline design, we tested the hypothesis that imagery of finger movements is a specific strategy to improve hand function. METHODS: The effect of mental training of sequential finger movements (n=6) on hand function was compared to the repetitive execution of the same movements (n=6) and conventional physical therapy (n=5) in 17 patients after their first hemiparetic stroke. The behavioral outcome measures consisted of peak force of the pinch grip using a force transducer and manipulation functions of the upper extremity (Jebsen-test). In addition, activities of daily living (Barthel Index) were acquired to describe the population. RESULTS: Mental training resulted in an increase in the peak force of the pinch grip and generalized in a better functionality of the upper extremity (Jebsen-test). This effect was similar to the repetitive execution of the movements and superior to conventional physiotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that the control of finger movements benefits from mental training of sequential finger movements and, thus, may be employed as a strategy in post-stroke rehabilitation.