Dietary manipulation reveals an unexpected inverse relationship between fat mass and adipose 11ß-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1.
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab
; 300(6): E1076-84, 2011 Jun.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-21406612
ABSTRACT
Increased dietary fat intake is associated with obesity, insulin resistance, and metabolic disease. In transgenic mice, adipose tissue-specific overexpression of the glucocorticoid-amplifying enzyme 11ß-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11ß-HSD1) exacerbates high-fat (HF) diet-induced visceral obesity and diabetes, whereas 11ß-HSD1 gene knockout ameliorates this, favoring accumulation of fat in nonvisceral depots. Paradoxically, in normal mice HF diet-induced obesity (DIO) is associated with marked downregulation of adipose tissue 11ß-HSD1 levels. To identify the specific dietary fats that regulate adipose 11ß-HSD1 and thereby impact upon metabolic disease, we either fed mice diets enriched (45% calories as fat) in saturated (stearate), monounsaturated (oleate), or polyunsaturated (safflower oil) fats ad libitum or we pair fed them a low-fat (11%) control diet for 4 wk. Adipose and liver mass and glucocorticoid receptor and 11ß-HSD1 mRNA and activity levels were determined. Stearate caused weight loss and hypoinsulinemia, partly due to malabsorption, and this markedly increased plasma corticosterone levels and adipose 11ß-HSD1 activity. Oleate induced pronounced weight gain and hyperinsulinemia in association with markedly low plasma corticosterone and adipose 11ß-HSD1 activity. Weight gain and hyperinsulinemia was less pronounced with safflower compared with oleate despite comparable suppression of plasma corticosterone and adipose 11ß-HSD1. However, with pair feeding, safflower caused a selective reduction in visceral fat mass and relative insulin sensitization without affecting plasma corticosterone or adipose 11ß-HSD1. The dynamic depot-selective relationship between adipose 11ß-HSD1 and fat mass strongly implicates a dominant physiological role for local tissue glucocorticoid reactivation in fat mobilization.
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Composição Corporal
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Tecido Adiposo
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11-beta-Hidroxiesteroide Desidrogenase Tipo 1
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Dieta
Limite:
Animals
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2011
Tipo de documento:
Article