[Effectiveness of flexible ureteroscopy versus extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for kidney stones treatment]. / Efficacité de l'urétéroscopie souple versus lithotritie extracorporelle dans le traitement des calculs du rein.

Primary endpoint was to objective a better effectiveness of flexible ureteroscopy (fURS) compared to extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) 3 months after treatment of a unique kidney stone from 5 to 20mm. Secondary endpoints were to evaluate effectiveness in subgroup and tolerance. We conducted a prospective comparative randomised trial between May 2012 and February 2014. A computerised tomography was done before treatment and another 3 months after treatment. Of the 30 randomised patients, 8 dropped out from the study and 4 were lost to follow-up. Median time of follow-up was 3.82 months. In per-protocol analysis, success rate was 60% for fURS group versus 28.6% for ESWL group (P=0.29). In intention to treat analysis, success rate was 77.8% in fURS group versus 53.8% in ESWL group (P=0.38). In ESWL group, 5 patients (41.7%) needed a second treatment versus none in fURS group but it was not significant. During follow-up, 1 patient in each group presented a complication. Results of this feasibility study did not allowed to conclude on superiority of a technic. A multicenter study with more important enrollment is necessary considering economic side and tolerance of these treatments.