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Efficacy Projection of Obiltoxaximab for Treatment of Inhalational Anthrax across a Range of Disease Severity.
Yamamoto, Brent J; Shadiack, Annette M; Carpenter, Sarah; Sanford, Daniel; Henning, Lisa N; O'Connor, Edward; Gonzales, Nestor; Mondick, John; French, Jonathan; Stark, Gregory V; Fisher, Alan C; Casey, Leslie S; Serbina, Natalya V.
Afiliação
  • Yamamoto BJ; Elusys Therapeutics, Inc., Pine Brook, New Jersey, USA.
  • Shadiack AM; Elusys Therapeutics, Inc., Pine Brook, New Jersey, USA.
  • Carpenter S; Elusys Therapeutics, Inc., Pine Brook, New Jersey, USA.
  • Sanford D; Battelle, West Jefferson, Ohio, USA.
  • Henning LN; Battelle, West Jefferson, Ohio, USA.
  • O'Connor E; Elusys Therapeutics, Inc., Pine Brook, New Jersey, USA.
  • Gonzales N; Elusys Therapeutics, Inc., Pine Brook, New Jersey, USA.
  • Mondick J; Metrum Research Group LLC, Tarrifville, Connecticut, USA.
  • French J; Metrum Research Group LLC, Tarrifville, Connecticut, USA.
  • Stark GV; Battelle, West Jefferson, Ohio, USA.
  • Fisher AC; BDM Consulting, Inc., Somerset, New Jersey, USA.
  • Casey LS; Elusys Therapeutics, Inc., Pine Brook, New Jersey, USA.
  • Serbina NV; Elusys Therapeutics, Inc., Pine Brook, New Jersey, USA nserbina@elusys.com.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother ; 60(10): 5787-95, 2016 10.
Article em En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27431222
ABSTRACT
Inhalational anthrax has high mortality even with antibiotic treatment, and antitoxins are now recommended as an adjunct to standard antimicrobial regimens. The efficacy of obiltoxaximab, a monoclonal antibody against anthrax protective antigen (PA), was examined in multiple studies conducted in two animal models of inhalational anthrax. A single intravenous bolus of 1 to 32 mg/kg of body weight obiltoxaximab or placebo was administered to New Zealand White rabbits (two studies) and cynomolgus macaques (4 studies) at disease onset (significant body temperature increase or detection of serum PA) following lethal challenge with aerosolized Bacillus anthracis spores. The primary endpoint was survival. The relationship between efficacy and disease severity, defined by pretreatment bacteremia and toxemia levels, was explored. In rabbits, single doses of 1 to 16 mg/kg obiltoxaximab led to 17 to 93% survival. In two studies, survival following 16 mg/kg obiltoxaximab was 93% and 62% compared to 0% and 0% for placebo (P = 0.0010 and P = 0.0013, respectively). Across four macaque studies, survival was 6.3% to 78.6% following 4 to 32 mg/kg obiltoxaximab. In two macaque studies, 16 mg/kg obiltoxaximab reduced toxemia and led to survival rates of 31%, 35%, and 47% versus 0%, 0%, and 6.3% with placebo (P = 0.0085, P = 0.0053, P = 0.0068). Pretreatment bacteremia and toxemia levels inversely correlated with survival. Overall, obiltoxaximab monotherapy neutralized PA and increased survival across the range of disease severity, indicating clinical benefit of toxin neutralization with obiltoxaximab in both early and late stages of inhalational anthrax.
Assuntos

Texto completo: 1 Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Infecções Respiratórias / Antitoxinas / Antraz / Antibacterianos / Anticorpos Monoclonais Tipo de estudo: Etiology_studies Limite: Animals Idioma: En Ano de publicação: 2016 Tipo de documento: Article

Texto completo: 1 Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Infecções Respiratórias / Antitoxinas / Antraz / Antibacterianos / Anticorpos Monoclonais Tipo de estudo: Etiology_studies Limite: Animals Idioma: En Ano de publicação: 2016 Tipo de documento: Article