Bacterial community structure and response to nitrogen amendments in Lake Shenandoah (VA, USA).

Microbial processes are critical to the function of freshwater ecosystems, yet we still do not fully understand the factors that shape freshwater microbial communities. Furthermore, freshwater ecosystems are particularly susceptible to effects of environmental change, including influx of exogenous nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus. To evaluate the impact of nitrogen loading on the microbial community structure of shallow freshwater lakes, water samples collected from Lake Shenandoah (Virginia, USA) were incubated with two concentrations of either ammonium, nitrate, or urea as a nitrogen source. The potential impact of these nitrogen compounds on the bacterial community structure was assessed via 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. At the phylum level, the dominant taxa in Lake Shenandoah were comprised of Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria, which were not affected by exposure to the various nitrogen treatments. Overall, there was not a significant shift in the diversity of the bacterial community of Lake Shenandoah with the addition of nitrogen sources, indicating this shallow system may be constrained by other environmental factors.