Plant-Based Diet Index and Metabolic Risk in Men: Exploring the Role of the Gut Microbiome.
J Nutr
; 151(9): 2780-2789, 2021 09 04.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-34114015
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Healthy plant-based diet index (hPDI) is associated with a lower risk of cardiometabolic conditions, but its association as well as interactions with microbiome have not been elucidated.OBJECTIVES:
We aimed to investigate the interrelations between hPDI, gut microbiome, and cardiometabolic risk markers.METHODS:
hPDI was derived from dietary assessments by a validated FFQ and was examined in relation to metagenomic profiles of 911 fecal samples collected from 303 men aged 71 ± 4 y with an average BMI (in kg/m2) of 25.2 ± 3.6 in the Men's Lifestyle Validation Study. Principal coordinate (PCo) analysis based on Bray-Curtis dissimilarity was conducted, and interactions between hPDI and PCo were examined by using a metabolic risk score composed of blood lipids, BMI, and glycated hemoglobin.RESULTS:
After multivariable adjustment, hPDI was significantly associated with the relative abundance of 7 species and 9 pathways. In particular, higher hPDI was significantly associated with a higher relative abundance of Bacteroides cellulosilyticus and Eubacterium eligens, amino acid biosynthesis pathways (l-isoleucine biosynthesis I and III and l-valine biosynthesis), and the pathway of pyruvate fermentation to isobutanol. A favorable association between hPDI and the metabolic risk score was more pronounced among men with a higher PCo characterized by higher abundance of Bacteroides uniformis and lower abundance of Prevotella copri. At the individual species level, a similar interaction was also observed between hPDI and P. copri, as well as with Clostridium clostridioforme or Blautia hydrogenotrophica (all P-interaction < 0.01).CONCLUSION:
A greater adherence to a healthy plant-based diet by older men was associated with a microbial profile characterized by a higher abundance of multiple species, including B. cellulosilyticus and E. eligens, as well as pathways in amino acid metabolism and pyruvate fermentation. In addition, inverse associations between healthy plant-based diet and human metabolic risk may partially depend on microbial compositions.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
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Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Microbioma Gastrointestinal
Tipo de estudo:
Etiology_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Aged
/
Humans
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Male
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2021
Tipo de documento:
Article