Effects of Mullite, Maghemite, and Silver Nanoparticles Incorporated in ß-Wollastonite on Tensile Strength, Magnetism, Bioactivity, and Antimicrobial Activity.

ß-wollastonite (ßW) has sparked much interest in bone defect recovery and regeneration. Biomaterial-associated infections and reactions between implants with human cells have become a standard clinical concern. In this study, a green synthesized ßW, synthesized from rice husk ash and a calcined limestone precursor, was incorporated with mullite, maghemite, and silver to produce ß wollastonite composite (ßWMAF) to enhance the tensile strength and antibacterial properties. The addition of mullite to the ßWMAF increased the tensile strength compared to ßW. In vitro bioactivity, antibacterial efficacy, and physicochemical properties of the ß-wollastonite and ßWMAF were characterized. ßW and ßWMAF samples formed apatite spherules when immersed in simulated body fluid (SBF) for 1 day. In conclusion, ßWMAF, according to the tensile strength, bioactivity, and antibacterial activity, was observed in this research and appropriate for the reconstruction of cancellous bone defects.