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Beyond Cholinesterase Inhibition: Developmental Neurotoxicity of Organophosphate Ester Flame Retardants and Plasticizers.
Patisaul, Heather B; Behl, Mamta; Birnbaum, Linda S; Blum, Arlene; Diamond, Miriam L; Rojello Fernández, Seth; Hogberg, Helena T; Kwiatkowski, Carol F; Page, Jamie D; Soehl, Anna; Stapleton, Heather M.
Afiliação
  • Patisaul HB; College of Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA.
  • Behl M; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA.
  • Birnbaum LS; National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA.
  • Blum A; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA.
  • Diamond ML; National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA.
  • Rojello Fernández S; Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
  • Hogberg HT; Green Science Policy Institute, Berkeley, California, USA.
  • Kwiatkowski CF; Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA.
  • Page JD; University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
  • Soehl A; Green Science Policy Institute, Berkeley, California, USA.
  • Stapleton HM; Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Environ Health Perspect ; 129(10): 105001, 2021 10.
Article em En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34612677
ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

To date, the toxicity of organophosphate esters has primarily been studied regarding their use as pesticides and their effects on the neurotransmitter acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Currently, flame retardants and plasticizers are the two largest market segments for organophosphate esters and they are found in a wide variety of products, including electronics, building materials, vehicles, furniture, car seats, plastics, and textiles. As a result, organophosphate esters and their metabolites are routinely found in human urine, blood, placental tissue, and breast milk across the globe. It has been asserted that their neurological effects are minimal given that they do not act on AChE in precisely the same way as organophosphate ester pesticides.

OBJECTIVES:

This commentary describes research on the non-AChE neurodevelopmental toxicity of organophosphate esters used as flame retardants and plasticizers (OPEs). Studies in humans, mammalian, nonmammalian, and in vitro models are presented, and relevant neurodevelopmental pathways, including adverse outcome pathways, are described. By highlighting this scientific evidence, we hope to elevate the level of concern for widespread human exposure to these OPEs and to provide recommendations for how to better protect public health.

DISCUSSION:

Collectively, the findings presented demonstrate that OPEs can alter neurodevelopmental processes by interfering with noncholinergic pathways at environmentally relevant doses. Application of a pathways framework indicates several specific mechanisms of action, including perturbation of glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid and disruption of the endocrine system. The effects may have implications for the development of cognitive and social skills in children. Our conclusion is that concern is warranted for the developmental neurotoxicity of OPE exposure. We thus describe important considerations for reducing harm and to provide recommendations for government and industry decision makers. https//doi.org/10.1289/EHP9285.
Assuntos

Texto completo: 1 Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Retardadores de Chama Tipo de estudo: Prognostic_studies Limite: Child / Female / Humans / Pregnancy Idioma: En Ano de publicação: 2021 Tipo de documento: Article

Texto completo: 1 Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Retardadores de Chama Tipo de estudo: Prognostic_studies Limite: Child / Female / Humans / Pregnancy Idioma: En Ano de publicação: 2021 Tipo de documento: Article