Eosinophil chemotactic factors from granuloma of Kimura's disease, with special reference to T lymphocyte-derived factors.

ABSTRACT

The granuloma of patients with Kimura's disease characterized by tissue and peripheral blood eosinophilia was reviewed with respect to eosinophil infiltration. An infiltrate of inflammatory cells with histiocytes and a sprinkling of eosinophils were observed in the fibrous stroma surrounding the newly formed vessels. Mast cells were rarely seen in the areas where eosinophils were grouped together. Three different eosinophil chemotactic factors (ECF) were isolated from the granulomas of Kimura's disease. They were termed as low molecular weight (LMW), intermediate molecular weight (IMW), and high molecular weight (HMW)-ECF according to the profile on gel filtration (LMW-ECF, about 500; IMW-ECF, about 12,500; HMW-ECF, 45,000-70,000). In terms of their activity when extracted from the granuloma, LMW-ECF and HMW-ECF seemed to be major natural mediators for the tissue eosinophilia, whereas IMW-ECF was a minor one. In an in vitro system, it was shown that granuloma lymphoid cells produce spontaneously at least two ECF having similar properties to LMW- and HMW-ECF, respectively. By analysis with monoclonal antibodies, granuloma T cells, probably OKT4-positive cells, were shown to be responsible for the production of those two ECF. It was thus suggested that prolonged synthesis of LMW- and HMW-ECF by OKT4-positive T cells plays a crucial role in the local eosinophilia of Kimura's disease.