Theory and Applications of Nitroxide-based Paramagnetic Cosolutes for Probing Intermolecular and Electrostatic Interactions on Protein Surfaces.
J Am Chem Soc
; 144(46): 21371-21388, 2022 11 23.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-36346613
ABSTRACT
Solvent paramagnetic relaxation enhancement (sPRE) arising from nitroxide-based cosolutes has recently been used to provide an atomic view of cosolute-induced protein denaturation and to characterize residue-specific effective near-surface electrostatic potentials (ÏENS). Here, we explore distinct properties of the sPRE arising from nitroxide-based cosolutes and provide new insights into the interpretation of the sPRE and sPRE-derived ÏENS. We show that (a) the longitudinal sPRE rate Γ1 is heavily dependent on spectrometer field and viscosity, while the transverse sPRE rate Γ2 is much less so; (b) the spectral density J(0) is proportional to the inverse of the relative translational diffusion constant and is related to the quantity ⟨r-4⟩norm, a concentration-normalized equilibrium average of the electron-proton interspin separation; and (c) attractive intermolecular interactions result in a shortening of the residue-specific effective correlation time for the electron-proton vector. We discuss four different approaches for evaluating ÏENS based on Γ2, J(0), Γ1, or ⟨r-6⟩norm. The latter is evaluated from the magnetic field dependence of Γ1 in conjunction with Γ2. Long-range interactions dominate J(0) and Γ2, while, at high magnetic fields, the contribution of short-range interactions becomes significant for J(ω) and hence Γ1; the four ÏENS quantities enable one to probe both long- and short-range electrostatic interactions. The experimental ÏENS potentials were evaluated using three model protein systems, two folded (ubiquitin and native drkN SH3) and one intrinsically disordered (unfolded state of drkN SH3), in relation to theoretical ÏENS potentials calculated from atomic coordinates using the Poisson-Boltzmann theory with either a r-6 or r-4 dependence.
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Prótons
/
Óxidos de Nitrogênio
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2022
Tipo de documento:
Article