Altered cellular immune response to vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 in patients suffering from autoimmunity with B-cell depleting therapy.
Microbes Infect
; 25(4): 105103, 2023 05.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-36681177
ABSTRACT
B-cell depleting therapies result in diminished humoral immunity following vaccination against COVID-19, but our understanding on the impact on cellular immune responses is limited. Here, we performed a detailed analysis of cellular immunity following mRNA vaccination in patients receiving B-cell depleting therapy using ELISpot assay and flow cytometry. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain antibody assays were performed to elucidate B-cell responses. To complement our cellular analysis, we performed immunophenotyping for T- and B-cell subsets. We show that SARS-CoV-2 vaccination using mRNA vaccines elicits cellular T-cell responses in patients under B-cell depleting therapy. Some facets of this immune response including TNFα production of CD4+ T-cells and granzyme B production of CD8+ T-cells, however, are distinctly diminished in these patients. Consequently, it appears that the finely coordinated process of T-cell activation with a uniform involvement of CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells as seen in HCs is disturbed in autoimmune patients. In addition, we observed that immune cell composition does impact cellular immunity as well as sustainability of anti-spike antibody titers. Our data suggest disturbed cellular immunity following mRNA vaccination in patients treated with B-cell depleting therapy. Immune cell composition may be an important determinant for vaccination efficacy.
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Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Autoimunidade
/
COVID-19
Limite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2023
Tipo de documento:
Article