Cholesin and GPR146 in Modulating Cholesterol Biosynthesis.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Cholesterol homeostasis in the human body is a crucial process that involves a delicate balance between dietary cholesterol absorption in the intestine and de novo cholesterol synthesis in the liver. Both pathways contribute significantly to the overall pool of cholesterol in the body, influencing plasma cholesterol levels and impacting cardiovascular health. Elevated absorption of cholesterol in the intestines has a suppressive impact on the synthesis of cholesterol in the liver, serving to preserve cholesterol balance. Nonetheless, the precise mechanisms driving this phenomenon remain largely unclear. SUMMARY: This review aimed to discuss the previously unrecognized role of cholesin and GPR146 in the regulation of cholesterol biosynthesis, providing a novel conceptual framework for understanding cholesterol homeostasis. KEY MESSAGES The discovery of cholesin, a novel protein implicated in the regulation of cholesterol homeostasis, represents a significant advancement in our understanding of cholesterol biosynthesis and its associated pathways. The cholesin-GPR146 axis could have profound implications across various therapeutic areas concerning abnormal cholesterol metabolism, offering new hope for patients and improving overall healthcare outcomes.