[Retinal involvement in drepanocytosis in Togo. Correlation between age, genotype and retinopathy]. / Atteinte rétinienne au cours de la drépanocytose au Togo. Corrélation entre âge, génotype et rétinopathie.

PURPOSE: To evaluate different retinal complications, study correlation with age and links with genotypic forms in Togolese sickle cell patients. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Patients were recruited between 1994 and 1996 at the hospital, genotypic diagnosis by electrophoresis, systematic angiofluorography were performed and laser photocoagulation of retinal neovascularisation if needed. RESULTS: A total number of 190 patients were recruited, 84 (44.21%) had retinopathy, while 106 (55.79%) were normal. The SC form was most affected with 50 patients (26.3%), followed by the SS group in 11.05% (21 patients), and AS trait, 2.65% (5 patients). Patients most affected by proliferative retinopathy were aged 35-44 years (n = 30; 15%), 25-34 years in 23.8% and 15-24 years in 20.6%. CONCLUSION: Young Togolese sickle cell patients aged 35 to 44 year-old and the SC forms appear to have a relative high risk of proliferative retinopathy in this study.