RESUMEN
Background: It is well known that the medical profession is a high-risk practice, with intense work and complex situations. The physicians are prone to suffer from depression due to occupational stress under high workloads for long periods of time. Depression not only impairs physicians' mental health, but also affects the quality of health services, so it is important to explore the factors and mechanisms affecting depression among physicians. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 1,139 physicians from Heilongjiang Province were surveyed by cluster sampling procedures. The questionnaires included Psychological Capital Questionnaire, Chinese Employee Organizational Commitment Questionnaire, Trait Coping Style Questionnaire and Self-rating Depression Scale. Pearson correlation analysis and Bootstrap were used for statistical analysis. Results: This study found that 41.6% of physicians suffering from depression. Among them, 17.0% of physicians showed moderate depression, and 2.6% of physicians exhibited severe depression. The serial-multiple mediation of organizational commitment and positive coping styles in the relationship between psychological capital and depression was significant. Conclusion: The results showed that the psychological capital was sequentially associated with increased organizational commitment, and then increased positive coping styles, which resulted in reduced depression among physicians.
RESUMEN
Transformational leadership has been becoming increasingly vital to the provision of high-quality health care, particularly during major public health emergencies. The present study aims to investigate the impact of transformational leadership on physicians' performance and explore the cross-level underlying mechanisms with achievement motivations and coping styles among Chinese physicians. During 2017-2019, 1,527 physicians of 101 departments were recruited from six hospitals in China with a cluster random sampling method. Participants completed several questionnaires regarding their job performance, achievement motivations, coping styles, and transformational leadership. Multilevel mediation effects were tested using cross-level path analysis. The result of this study indicated that transformational leadership was applied well in Chinese medical settings with a score of 101.56 ± 6.42. The hierarchical linear model showed that transformational leadership had a cross-level direct positive effect on physicians' performance (ß = 1.524, p < 0.05). Furthermore, results of cross-level path analyses revealed that transformational leadership contributed to physicians' performance by sequentially influencing achievement motivations first and then coping styles. In addition, the path "transformational leadership â positive coping (PC) style â physicians' performance" showed the strongest cross-level indirect effect. In summary, public health leaders should enhance physicians' performance by promoting individual development, especially achievement motivation and PC style.