'Learning by doing', a model for improving the promotion of healthy lifestyles by student nurses.

BACKGROUND: 'Learning by doing' is a learning model based on performing actions and gaining experience. The 'nursing process' is a systematic, rational method for providing nursing care. During their university education, nursing students need to acquire the ability to promote healthy lifestyles. OBJECTIVE: To determine the effectiveness of a learning strategy based on learning by doing and grounded in the use of the nursing process, on the lifestyle of nursing students. METHODS: This quasi-experimental intervention (before-after), performed over 2011-2022, involved 2300 nursing students at a university nursing school in Spain. The risk factors for chronic diseases-being a smoker, being overweight, or having high blood pressure-to which each student was exposed were recorded. Those positive for at least one risk factor selected companion students as 'support nursing students' who became responsible for designing an individualised care plan to reduce the risk(s) faced. To ensure the correct use of the nursing process, teachers approved and monitored the implementation of the care plans. Whether risk-reduction objectives were met was determined three months later. RESULTS: The students with risk factors largely improved their lifestyles (targets for reducing smoking/body weight were met) with the help of their supporting peers. CONCLUSIONS: The learning by doing method demonstrated its effectiveness, improving the lifestyle of at-risk students via the use of the nursing process.

Nursing documentation and its relationship with perceived nursing workload: a mixed-methods study among community nurses.

BACKGROUND: The time that nurses spent on documentation can be substantial and burdensome. To date it was unknown if documentation activities are related to the workload that nurses perceive. A distinction between clinical documentation and organizational documentation seems relevant. This study aims to gain insight into community nurses' views on a potential relationship between their clinical and organizational documentation activities and their perceived nursing workload. METHODS: A convergent mixed-methods design was used. A quantitative survey was completed by 195 Dutch community nurses and a further 28 community nurses participated in qualitative focus groups. For the survey an online questionnaire was used. Descriptive statistics, Wilcoxon signed-ranked tests, Spearman's rank correlations and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests were used to analyse the survey data. Next, four qualitative focus groups were conducted in an iterative process of data collection - data analysis - more data collection, until data saturation was reached. In the qualitative analysis, the six steps of thematic analysis were followed. RESULTS: The majority of the community nurses perceived a high workload due to documentation activities. Although survey data showed that nurses estimated that they spent twice as much time on clinical documentation as on organizational documentation, the workload they perceived from these two types of documentation was comparable. Focus-group participants found organizational documentation particularly redundant. Furthermore, the survey indicated that a perceived high workload was not related to actual time spent on clinical documentation, while actual time spent on organizational documentation was related to the perceived workload. In addition, the survey showed no associations between community nurses' perceived workload and the user-friendliness of electronic health records. Yet focus-group participants did point towards the impact of limited user-friendliness on their perceived workload. Lastly, there was no association between the perceived workload and whether the nursing process was central in the electronic health records. CONCLUSIONS: Community nurses often perceive a high workload due to clinical and organizational documentation activities. Decreasing the time nurses have to spend specifically on organizational documentation and improving the user-friendliness and intercommunicability of electronic health records appear to be important ways of reducing the workload that community nurses perceive.

Implementation and factors affecting the nursing process among nurses working in selected government hospitals in Southwest Ethiopia.

BACKGROUND: The nursing process was initially adopted from the general system theory, and was developed and implemented in the field of education. There is a demand to implement the nursing process in practical care in every health institution, but the perception remains that it is time-consuming and impractical. If the nursing process is not valued and not used, nurses may continue to intervene on the basis of a medical diagnosis rather than on the basis of a rational nursing Process steps. In any of the steps, oversight or omission can result in less than optimal nursing care. The purpose of this study was to assess implementation and factors affecting the nursing process among nurses working in selected government hospitals in Southwest Ethiopia. METHODS: An institution-based cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted from March 10 to April 1, 2015 in three hospitals in southwest Ethiopia using self-administered questionnaires. This study included a total of 138 nurses using simple random sampling. Data were classified, coded and entered into epidemiological information version 3.5.3, and exported to the statistical package for social science version 20 for analysis, descriptive statistics were used to describe the variables, bivariable and multivariable logistic regression were used to see the effect of each variable on the dependent variable. RESULT: The nursing process was found to be 73.9% implemented. Compared to a Bachelor of Science nurses', the likelihood of implementing the nursing process was less likely among diploma nurses. Nurses working in administratively supported hospitals implemented the nursing process more compared to those without administrative support. The nursing process had been implemented higher by trained nurses compared to untrained nurses. CONCLUSION: The implementation of nursing process was good where; nearly seven in every ten nurses implemented the nursing process. Low educational qualification, lack of training, and non-supportive hospital administration were predictors of the nursing process implementation. The health service management, in collaboration with Ethiopian nursing/professional associations and international governmental and non-governmental organizations should give continuous on the job professional development education, and develop nursing practice guidelines.

A cross sectional study on nursing process implementation and associated factors among nurses working in selected hospitals of Central and Northwest zones, Tigray Region, Ethiopia.

BACKGROUND: The nursing process is a systematic method of planning, delivering, and evaluating individualized care for clients in any state of health or illness. Many countries have adopted the nursing process as the standard of care to guide nursing practice; however, the problem is its implementation. If nurses fail to carry out the necessary nursing care through the nursing process; the effectiveness of patient progress may be compromised and can lead to preventable adverse events. This study was aimed to assess the implementation of nursing process and associated factors among nurses working in selected hospitals of central and northwest zones of Tigray, Ethiopia, 2015. METHOD: A cross sectional observational study design was utilized. Data was collected from 200 participants using structured self-administered questionnaire which was contextually adapted from standardized, reliable and validated measures. The data were entered using Epi Info version 7 and analyzed using SPSS version 20 software. Data were summarized and described using descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression was used to determine the relationship of independent and dependent variable. Then, finally, data were presented in tables, graphs, frequency percentage of different variables. RESULT: Seventy (35%) of participants have implemented nursing process. Different factors showed significant association. Nurses who worked in a stressful atmosphere of the workplace were 99% less likely to implement the nursing process than nurses who worked at a very good atmosphere. The nurses with an educational level of BSc. Degree were 6.972 times more likely to implement the nursing process than those who were diploma qualified. Nurses with no consistent material supply to use the nursing process were 95.1% less likely to implement the nursing process than nurses with consistent material supply. CONCLUSION: The majority of the participants were not implementing the nursing process properly. There are many factors that hinder them from applying the nursing process of which level of education, knowledge of nurses, skill of nurses, atmosphere of the work place, shortage of material supply to use the nursing process and high number of patient load were scientifically significant for the association test.

Differences in the working pattern among wound, ostomy, and continence nurses with and without conducting the specified medical act: a multicenter time and motion study.

BACKGROUND: To overcome the shortage of medical care delivery in the rapidly aging Japanese society, the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare in 2010 started to train the nurses to be able to conduct the specified medical acts. The Japanese Nursing Association conducted the educational program to train the wound, ostomy, and continence nurses for the specified medical act of wound care. However, the difference between wound, ostomy, and continence nurses who conducted the medical act and those who did not was not clear. The aim of this study was to determine how trained wound, ostomy, and continence nurses spend their time during their entire shift in an acute hospital setting. METHODS: In this prospective observational study, we selected those wound, ostomy, and continence nurses who received advanced training in the wound management program (T-WN) in 2011-2012. Wound, ostomy, and continence nurses who did not receive the training (N-WN) were also recruited as controls. We conducted a time and motion study during subject's day shifts for 1 week. We calculated the time spent on tasks based on a task classification code that was created to facilitate a two-group comparison. RESULTS: Six T-WNs and five N-WNs were our analysis subjects. T-WNs spent significantly more time on direct care than did N-WNs (p = 0.00). Moreover, in the sub-categories s of direct care, T-WN spent significantly more time on "treatment" than did N-WN (p = 0.01). T-WN spent significantly more time on treatment with (p = 0.03) or without (p = 0.01) physicians than did N-WN. In the treatment activities, T-WN performed significantly more time on foot care (p = 0.01), wound cleansing (p = 0.01) and conservative sharp wound debridement (p = 0.01) than did N-WN. Frequencies of direct care interventions for the patients was significantly different between T-WN and N-WN (p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS: T-WNs frequently engaged in direct care provided treatment for patients with chronic wounds.

Creating spaces for care for nurses working in the pandemic in light of the nursing process.

OBJECTIVES: To make a dialog about the nursing professionals' perception regarding how they cope with COVID-19 and the repercussions on their practice and personal life. METHODS: This is a qualitative study, typified as participatory action research, which was carried out using Paulo Freire's Research Itinerary linked to the steps of the Nursing Process. To that end, the following guiding question was launched: How is it for you to act as a nursing professional in the hospital area during the COVID-19 pandemic? RESULTS: Three syntheses emerged, which guided the discussion: The challenges of being a nursing professional in the pandemic. The learning and growth that the challenges of the pandemic have generated and Nursing as the protagonist of care. The Virtual Culture Circle was a space where, despite the limitations, provided a social interaction among the participants, with mutual exchange of experiences, with many reflections, besides expressions of feelings, experiences and learning obtained during the COVID-19 pandemic. CONCLUSIONS: The nurses perceived that, although this moment highlights and appreciates the profession, nursing is overloaded and exhausted by the COVID-19 pandemic, with repercussions on professional and personal life. The care for those who care needs to be planned and implemented in different scenarios, and the Nursing Process built based on theoretical and scientific knowledge guide the effective improvement of the quality of health care.

Evaluation of Nurses' Perceptions of Nursing Diagnoses and Their Opinions Regarding the Application of Nursing Process.

AIM: This study aimed to evaluate nurses' perception of nursing diagnoses and their opinions regarding the application of nursing process and to determine the factors affecting them. METHOD: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of 320 nurses who worked at a foundation university hospital between October and December 2017. The Nurse's Information Form and Nursing Diagnoses Perception Scale were used to collect the research data. The scale included expressions reflecting nurses' perceptions about the use, usefulness, aims, results, objectives, and limitations of nursing diagnoses. RESULTS: A total of 51.2% of the nurses participating in the study had a bachelor's degree, and the average age was 25.36 ± 4.83 years. More than half of the nurses (50.9%) stated that they had difficulty in the assessment stage of the nursing process and that they diagnosed the risk of infection most frequently (74.4%). The nurses' mean total score on the survey was 2.68 ± 0.44 (2-4). There was a statistically significant relationship between the total mean score of the scale with the sex, education level, and the belief that the nursing process should be used (p < .001; p < .001; p < .05). CONCLUSION: The nurses' perception of nursing diagnoses was at a moderate level. Positive perception of nursing diagnoses could improve nursing quality by enabling nurses to focus on care.

"Having the compass-drawing the map": Exploring nurses' management of pain and other discomforts during use of analgosedation in intensive care.

AIM: To explore the deliberation and enactment processes of nurses in relation to pain and other discomforts in the critically ill patients after the implementation of an analgosedation protocol. BACKGROUND: Nurses in intensive care units (ICU) face great challenges when managing pain and other discomforts and distinguishing between patients' needs for analgesics and sedatives. An analgosedation protocol favouring pain management, light sedation and early mobilization was implemented in a university hospital ICU in Norway in 2014. Changing sedation paradigms resulting in an increasing number of awake patients during critical illness is expected to affect nursing practice. DESIGN: Exploratory, single-unit study in a mixed adult ICU. METHODS: Data collection with participant observation and semi-structured interviews in sixteen clinical situations in 2014 and 2015. Thirteen experienced certified critical care nurses were included. Thematic content analysis was conducted. RESULTS: An overall theme "Having the compass-drawing the map" emerged from the analysis. The protocol or strategy of analgosedation appeared to provide a direction for treatment and care, although requiring extensive interpretation of needs and individualization of care, often in challenging situations. The overall theme was abstracted from three themes: "Interpreting a complex whole," "Balancing conflicting goals" and "Experiencing strain from acting across ideals." CONCLUSION: Nurses seem to attend adequately to patient pain, but the approach to discomforts other than pain appears unsystematic and haphazard. More explicit goals of care and strategies to handle discomfort as distinct from pain are needed. More research is needed to identify effective comfort measures for ICU patients.

Ensino-aprendizagem do processo de enfermagem: percepção de discentes da graduação / Teaching-learning of the nursing process: perception of graduate students / Enseñanza-aprendizaje del proceso de enfermería: percepción de estudiantes de posgrado

Objetivo: descrever as concepções dos discentes de graduação sobre o processo de enfermagem. Método: trata-se de um estudo de abordagem qualitativa, exploratória, descritiva e transversal. Os dados coletados, armazenados durante a técnica do questionário, foram analisados à luz da análise de conteúdo de Bardin. Resultados: no processo de categorização, foram identificadas as seguintes categorias.: limitações na abordagem do processo de ensino-aprendizagem do Processo de Enfermagem nas disciplinas e práticas clínicas.: fragmentação e falta de continuidade; avaliação das metodologias de ensino do Processo.: desafios e lacunas; uso de Linguagem Padronizada; aproximação e aplicação das Teorias de Enfermagem no contexto prático. Considerações finais:este estudo revela limitações no ensino do Processo de Enfermagem para discentes de graduação, evidenciando uma abordagem fragmentada, falta de integração interdisciplinar e desafios nas metodologias de ensino. Tais descobertas direcionam melhorias no ensino para formação mais abrangente e eficaz em Enfermagem

Objective: describe the conceptions of undergraduate about the nursing process. Methods: this is a qualitative, exploratory, descriptive, and cross-sectional study. The data collected, stored during the questionnaire technique, were analyzed through Bardin's content analysis. Results: in the categorization process, the following categories were identified: limitations in the approach to the teaching-learning process of the Nursing Process in disciplines and clinical practices: fragmentation and lack of continuity; Evaluation of teaching methodologies of the Process: challenges and gaps; Use of Standardized Language; Approach and application of nursing theories in practical context. Final considerations: this study reveals limitations in the teaching of the Nursing Process for undergraduate students, highlighting a fragmented approach, lack of interdisciplinary integration, and challenges in teaching methodologies. These findings guide improvements in education for a more comprehensive and effective nursing training

Objetivos:describir las concepciones de estudiantes sobre el proceso de enfermería. Método: se trata de un estudio cualitativo, exploratorio, descriptivo y transversal. Los datos recopilados, almacenados durante la técnica del cuestionario, fueron analizados a la luz del análisis de contenido de Bardin. Resultados: en el proceso de categorización, se identificaron las siguientes categorías: limitaciones en el enfoque del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje del Proceso de Enfermería en las disciplinas y prácticas clínicas: fragmentación y falta de continuidad; Evaluación de las metodologías de enseñanza del Proceso: desafíos y lagunas; Uso de lenguaje estandarizado; Aproximación y aplicación de teorías de enfermería en el contexto práctico. Consideraciones finales: este estudio revela limitaciones en la enseñanza del Proceso de Enfermería para estudiantes de pregrado, evidenciando un enfoque fragmentado, falta de integración interdisciplinaria y desafíos en las metodologías de enseñanza. Estos hallazgos orientan mejoras en la educación para una formación en enfermería más integral y efectiva

Mapeamento das ações do enfermeiro de prática avançada em uma instituição de ensino superior / Mapping the actions of advanced practice nurses in a higher education institution

Mapear as ações do Enfermeiro de Prática Avançada nos campos de ensino clínico e estágio curricular supervisionado de um curso de graduação em enfermagem. Métodos: estudo transversal, descritivo, incluindo 21 enfermeiros. A coleta de dados deu-se por questionário sócio-profissiográfico, alinhado às competências do Conselho Internacional de Enfermeiros no tocante à Prática Avançada de Enfermagem. Resultados: Os enfermeiros demonstraram médio conhecimento em Prática Avançada de Enfermagem, e ações de prática avançada mapeadas como prescrição de agentes terapêuticos para lesões, procedimento de catéter central de inserção periférica, solicitação de exames de imagem e swab peri-anal, pareceres em lesão, manejo e consulta de enfermagem no pré-parto, assistência no parto. Competências no domínio do cuidado e no domínio da gestão/educação foram evidenciadas. Conclusão: evidenciou-se potenciais de ação de Prática Avançada na Instituição de Ensino.(AU)

To map the actions of Advanced Practice Nurses in the clinical teaching and supervised curricular internship fields of an undergraduate nursing course. Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive study including 21 nurses. Data was collected using a socio-professional questionnaire, aligned with the International Council of Nurses' competencies regarding Advanced Nursing Practice. Results: The nurses demonstrated medium knowledge of Advanced Nursing Practice, and mapped advanced practice actions such as prescribing therapeutic agents for injuries, peripherally inserted central catheter procedures, requesting imaging tests and peri-anal swabs, injury opinions, management and nursing consultation in the prepartum period, and assistance in childbirth. Skills in the care domain and the management/education domain were highlighted. Conclusion: There was potential for action in Advanced Practice at the Teaching Institution.(AU)

Mapear las acciones de las Enfermeras de Práctica Avanzada en los campos de la enseñanza clínica y de las prácticas curriculares supervisadas de un curso de enfermería de pregrado. Métodos: Se trató de un estudio transversal, descriptivo, en el que participaron 21 enfermeras. Los datos fueron recogidos a través de un cuestionario socio-profesional, alineado con las competencias del Consejo Internacional de Enfermería en relación a la Práctica Avanzada de Enfermería. Resultados: Las enfermeras demostraron conocimiento medio de la Práctica Avanzada de Enfermería, y mapearon acciones de práctica avanzada como prescripción de agentes terapéuticos para lesiones, procedimientos de catéter central de inserción periférica, solicitud de pruebas de imagen e hisopos perianales, emisión de dictámenes sobre lesiones, manejo y consulta de enfermería en el período preparto, asistencia al parto. Se destacaron las competencias en el ámbito de los cuidados y en el de la gestión/educación. Conclusión: Hubo potencial de actuación en la Práctica Avanzada en la Institución de Enseñanza.(AU)

Validation of an evaluation matrix for the nursing process in the hospital context / Validación de una matriz de evaluación del proceso de enfermería en el contexto hospitalario / Validação de uma matriz avaliativa do processo de enfermagem no contexto hospitalar

ABSTRACT Objective: To validate the content of an evaluation matrix for the nursing process in the hospital context. Method: A methodological study conducted in four stages, carried out from March to December 2022. Including: bibliographic research and selection of structuring foundations; construction of the logical model and analysis and judgment matrix; content validation by a committee of judges (n=11) using the Delphi technique; analysis of content validation data by calculating the Concordance Rate and Content Validity Index. Results: At the end of the two rounds, the matrix had a concordance rate of 90% regarding format and 100% regarding other structural aspects. It also had a 100% concordance rate regarding the scope and representativeness of the matrix domains. Regarding the average Content Validity Index, the values were 0.97 and 0.98, for clarity and representativeness, respectively. Conclusion: The evaluation matrix - consisting of four dimensions and fourteen evaluation items referring to the necessary stages for the implementation and operationalization of the nursing process - demonstrated excellent content validity, which can contribute to supporting institutional initiatives for its consolidation in hospital nursing services.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Validar el contenido de una matriz de evaluación del proceso de enfermería en el contexto hospitalario. Método: Se realizó un estudio metodológico, realizado en cuatro etapas, realizadas de marzo a diciembre de 2022. Son: levantamiento bibliográfico y selección de fundamentos estructurantes; construcción del modelo lógico y matriz de análisis y juicio; validación de contenido por un comité de jueces (n=11) mediante la técnica Delphi; análisis de datos de validación de contenido mediante el cálculo de la Tasa de Acuerdo y el Índice de Validez de Contenido. Resultados: Al final de las dos rondas realizadas, la matriz tuvo un índice de acuerdo del 90% en cuanto al formato y del 100% en otros aspectos estructurales. También tuvo un índice de acuerdo del 100% respecto del alcance y representatividad de los dominios de la matriz. En cuanto al Índice de Validez de Contenido promedio, los valores fueron 0,97 y 0,98, en términos de claridad y representatividad, respectivamente. Conclusión: La matriz de evaluación - compuesta por cuatro dimensiones y catorce ítems de evaluación referentes a los pasos necesarios para la implementación y operacionalización del proceso de enfermería - demostró excelente validez de contenido, que puede contribuir a apoyar iniciativas institucionales para su consolidación en los hospitales con servicios de enfermería.

RESUMO Objetivo: Validar o conteúdo de uma matriz avaliativa do processo de enfermagem no contexto hospitalar. Método: Foi realizado um estudo metodológico, conduzido em quatro etapas, realizadas de março a dezembro de 2022. São elas: levantamento bibliográfico e seleção dos fundamentos estruturantes; construção do modelo lógico e da matriz de análise e julgamento; validação de conteúdo por um comitê de juízes (n=11) por meio da técnica Delphi; análise dos dados de validação do conteúdo por meio do cálculo da Taxa de Concordância e Índice de Validade de Conteúdo. Resultados: Ao final das duas rodadas realizadas, a matriz teve uma taxa de concordância de 90% quanto ao formato e 100% quanto os demais aspectos estruturais. Também teve uma taxa de concordância de 100% quanto à abrangência e representatividade dos domínios da matriz. Quanto ao Índice de Validade de Conteúdo médio os valores foram de 0,97 e 0,98, na clareza e representatividade, respectivamente. Conclusão: A matriz avaliativa - constituída por quatro dimensões e quatorze itens avaliativos referentes às etapas necessárias para implantação e operacionalização do processo de enfermagem - demonstrou ter uma excelente validade de conteúdo, o que pode contribuir para subsidiar iniciativas institucionais de sua consolidação nos serviços de enfermagem hospitalares.

Desenvolvimento da Intervenção de Enfermagem "Ultrassonografia: bexiga" segundo a Nursing Interventions Classification / Desarrollo de la intervención de enfermería "ecografía de vejiga" de acuerdo con la Nursing Interventions Classification / Development of the "Ultrasound: bladder" nursing intervention according to the Nursing Interventions Classification

Resumo Objetivo Desenvolver uma intervenção de enfermagem com o uso de ultrassonografia de bexiga segundo a Nursing Interventions Classification. Métodos Estudo metodológico em duas etapas: revisão integrativa de literatura e desenvolvimento da intervenção. Para etapa da revisão integrativa de literatura foram investigadas quatro bases de dados (PubMed, CINAHL, LILACS e SCOPUS), incluindo estudos de acesso gratuito e disponíveis na íntegra, nos idiomas inglês, português e espanhol, sem delimitação temporal. Na etapa de desenvolvimento da intervenção, foram seguidas as Diretrizes para Submissão de uma Intervenção à Nursing Interventions Classification Nova ou Revisada. Resultados Na revisão integrativa de literatura foram encontrados 328 estudos primários nas bases de dados, sendo incluídos 17 na análise final. Destacaram-se estudos com delineamento descritivo, sendo prevalente o nível de evidência VI. Os achados possibilitaram desenvolver cada um dos componentes da intervenção de enfermagem (Título, Definição, 17 atividades, Nível de Formação e o Tempo Estimado para realização). Conclusão A Intervenção de Enfermagem intitulada "Ultrassonografia: bexiga" foi desenvolvida, submetida ao Comitê Editorial da Nursing Interventions Classification e aceita para publicação na oitava edição da Classificação.

Resumen Objetivo Desarrollar una intervención de enfermería con el uso de ecografía de vejiga de acuerdo con la Nursing Interventions Classification. Métodos Estudio metodológico en dos etapas: revisión integradora de la literatura y desarrollo de la intervención. Para la etapa de revisión integradora de la literatura se investigó en cuatro bases de datos (PubMed, CINAHL, LILACS y SCOPUS), con la inclusión de estudios de acceso gratuito y disponibles con texto completo, en idioma inglés, portugués y español, sin límite temporal. En la etapa de desarrollo de la intervención, se siguieron las directrices para el envío de una intervención a Nursing Interventions Classification Nueva o Revisada. Resultados En la revisión integradora de la literatura, se encontraron 328 estudios primarios en las bases de datos, de los cuales se incluyeron 17 en el análisis final. Se destacaron los estudios con diseño descriptivo, con prevalencia de nivel de evidencia VI. Los resultados permitieron desarrollar cada uno de los componentes de la intervención de enfermería (título, definición, 17 actividades, nivel de formación y tiempo estimado para la realización). Conclusión La intervención de enfermería titulada "Ecografía: vejiga" fue desarrollada, enviada al Comité Editorial de la Nursing Interventions Classification y aprobada para publicar en la octava edición de la Clasificación.

Abstract Objective To develop a nursing intervention using bladder ultrasound according to the Nursing Interventions Classification. Methods This is a methodological study in two steps: integrative literature review and intervention development. For the integrative literature review step, four databases were investigated (PubMed, CINAHL, LILACS and Scopus), including free access studies available in full, in English, Portuguese and Spanish, without time limits. In the intervention development step, the Guidelines for Submission of a New or Revised Nursing Interventions Classification Intervention were followed. Results In the integrative literature review, 328 primary studies were found in the databases, 17 of which were included in the final analysis. Studies with a descriptive design stood out, with level of evidence VI being prevalent. The findings made it possible to develop each component of the nursing intervention (title, definition, 17 activities, level of training and estimated time for completion). Conclusion The nursing intervention entitled "Ultrasound: bladder" was developed, submitted the Nursing Interventions Classification Editorial Committee and accepted for publication in the 8th edition of the Classification.

Measuring the effects of guided clinical reasoning on the Advanced Nursing Process quality, on nurses' knowledge and attitude: Study protocol.

AIM: This article is a report of a study protocol designed to examine the effects of guided clinical reasoning on the quality of the Advanced Nursing Process-the evidence-based version of the traditional nursing process. It aims to describe the theoretical framework-Kirkpatrick's evaluation model, the key concepts and the instruments for the planned study. DESIGN: A complex experimental intervention study using data and method triangulation is proposed. METHODS: Registered Nurses (N = 92), nursing records (N = 180) and 24 patients will be included. Nurses' knowledge and attitude will be evaluated by questionnaires/tests, their clinical performance by observations. Patients' perspective will be addressed by qualitative interviews and patient records by using the instrument Quality of Diagnoses, Interventions and Outcomes revised (Q-DIO R). DISCUSSION: Kirkpatrick's model (including quantitative and qualitative methods) is providing evaluations from different perspectives on the quality of the Advanced Nursing Process and on intervention effects.

Nurses' perception of the nursing process and its relationship with leadership / Percepción de los enfermeros sobre el proceso de enfermería y su relación con el liderazgo / Percepção dos enfermeiros sobre o processo de enfermagem e sua relação com a liderança

ABSTRACT Objectives: to describe Nurses' perception of the Nursing Process and its relationship with leadership. Methods: action research conducted between September/2021 and April/2022 with nurses from a medium-sized hospital in southern Brazil. The data investigated, one of the stages of the method, was collected using the Focus Group technique and submitted to Strategic Focus Analysis. Results: three categories emerged from the organized and analyzed data, namely: Nursing Process: a tool that qualifies nursing care; Conditions that weaken the Nursing Process; and Strategies that enhance the Systematization of Nursing Care. Final Considerations: the perception of the Nursing Process and its relationship with leadership are not always understood as complementary themes. Although they recognize that the Nursing Process is sometimes imposed as normative, nurses do not perceive the importance of the role of the leader, who is considered a key player in conducting and boosting the Systematization of Nursing Care.

RESUMEN Objetivos: describir la percepción de los Enfermeros sobre el Proceso de Enfermería y su relación con el liderazgo. Métodos: se trata de una investigación-acción realizada entre septiembre de 2021 y abril de 2022 entre enfermeros de un hospital de medio porte del sur de Brasil. Los datos investigados, una de las etapas del método, fueron recolectados mediante la técnica de Grupo Focal y sometidos al Análisis Focal Estratégico. Resultados: los datos organizados y analizados resultaron en tres categorías, a saber: Proceso de Enfermería como herramienta que cualifica los cuidados de enfermería; Condiciones que debilitan el Proceso de Enfermería; y Estrategias que potencian la Sistematización de los Cuidados de Enfermería. Consideraciones Finales: la percepción del Proceso de Enfermería y su relación con el liderazgo no siempre se toma en cuenta como tema complementario. Aunque los Enfermeros reconocen que el Proceso de Enfermería se impone a veces como normativo, no perciben la importancia del papel del líder, considerado como un actor clave para conducir y dinamizar la Sistematización de los Cuidados de Enfermería.

RESUMO Objetivos: descrever a percepção dos Enfermeiros sobre o Processo de Enfermagem e a sua relação com a liderança. Métodos: pesquisa-ação conduzida entre setembro/2021 e abril/2022 com enfermeiros de um hospital de médio porte do sul do Brasil. Os dados investigados, uma das etapas do método, foram coletados por meio da técnica de Grupo Focal e submetidos à Análise Focal Estratégica. Resultados: dos dados organizados e analisados resultaram três categorias, quais sejam: Processo de Enfermagem: ferramenta qualificadora da assistência de enfermagem; Condições que fragilizam o Processo de Enfermagem; e Estratégias que potencializam a Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem. Considerações Finais: a percepção de Processo de Enfermagem e a sua relação com a liderança nem sempre são apreendidos como temas complementares. Embora reconheçam que o Processo de Enfermagem é, por vezes, imposto como normativo, os Enfermeiros não percebem a relevância da função do líder, considerado ator-chave na condução e dinamização da Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem.

Technology for nursing care in a Maternal Intensive Care Unit: a methodological study / Tecnologia para la asistencia de enfermería en una Unidad de Terapia Intensiva Materna: estudio metodológico / Tecnologia para assistência de enfermagem em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Materna: estudo metodológico

ABSTRACT Objectives: to develop and validate a nursing care plan in a Maternal Intensive Care Unit. Methods: a methodological study, developed in stages: integrative review; Nursing History construction; care plan restructuring; appearance and content validity by judges. Results: the history was organized into sections: Identification; Basic Human Needs; Physical Examination; and Assessment of Basic Human Needs. A care plan was restructured with 34 diagnoses, organized according to basic human needs. A satisfactory level of appearance validity of the history and care plan was obtained (Concordance Index varying between 86.3 and 100 for both instruments), and content validity with average indexes of 90.8 and 92.8, respectively. Thirty-four diagnoses, their interventions and nursing actions were consolidated. Conclusions: the instruments were considered relevant and pertinent in terms of appearance and content, and their use in the institution under study as well as in other similar services may be recommended.

RESUMEN Objetivos: desarrollar y validar un plan de cuidados de enfermería en una Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Materno. Métodos: estudio metodológico, desarrollado en etapas: revisión integrativa; construcción de la Historia de la Enfermería; reestructuración del plan de atención; validación de apariencia y contenido por parte de los jueces. Resultados: la historia se organizó en secciones: Identificación; Necesidades Humanas Básicas; Examen físico; y Evaluación de las Necesidades Humanas Básicas. Se reestructuró el plan de atención con 34 diagnósticos, organizados según las necesidades humanas básicas. Se obtuvo un nivel satisfactorio de validación de apariencia de la historia y plan de cuidados (Índice de Acuerdo que varía entre 86,3 y 100 para ambos instrumentos), y de contenido con índices promedio de 90,8 y 92,8, respectivamente. Se consolidaron 34 diagnósticos, sus intervenciones y acciones de enfermería. Conclusiones: los instrumentos fueron considerados relevantes y pertinentes en cuanto a apariencia y contenido, pudiéndose recomendar su uso en la institución en estudio, así como en otros servicios similares.

RESUMO Objetivos: desenvolver e validar um plano de cuidado de enfermagem em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Materna. Métodos: estudo metodológico, desenvolvido em etapas: revisão integrativa; construção do Histórico de Enfermagem; reestruturação do plano de cuidados; validação de aparência e conteúdo por juízes. Resultados: o histórico foi organizado em seções: Identificação; Necessidades Humanas Básicas; Exame Físico; e avaliação das Necessidades Humanas Básicas. O plano de cuidado foi reestruturado com 34 diagnósticos, organizados segundo as necessidades humanas básicas. Obteve-se nível satisfatório de validação de aparência do histórico e plano de cuidados (Índice de Concordância variando entre 86,3 e 100 para ambos os intrumentos), e validação de conteúdo com média dos índices de 90,8 e 92,8, respectivamente. Foram consolidados 34 diagnósticos, suas intervenções e ações de enfermagem. Conclusões: os instrumentos foram considerados relevantes e pertinentes quanto aparência e conteúdo, podendo ser recomendada sua utilização na instituição em estudo, bem como em outros serviços semelhantes.

Inseparability between public health, planetary health and the nursing process: premise for sustainable development / Inseparabilidad entre salud pública, salud planetaria y proceso de enfermería: premisa para el desarrollo sostenible / Indissociabilidade entre saúde pública, saúde planetária e processo de enfermagem: premissa para o desenvolvimento sustentável

ABSTRACT The aim is to conduct theoretical reflection on the inseparability among public health, planetary health and the nursing process in light of complexity thinking, with the aim of contributing to healthy and sustainable development. Study with a theoretical-reflexive approach that accessed bibliographical sources from contemporary authors who defend the inseparability between public health and planetary health and, at the same time, provide theoretical-systemic support to the nursing process, under an inductive critical bias. The nursing process is conceived as a complex phenomenon, which comprises interdependent dynamics, dialogical approaches, critical-reflective perception and prospective leadership. Theoretical reflection on the nursing process and sustainable development raises an expanded, contextualized and interdependent look at the role of nursing professionals in different health contexts, in order not to compromise well-being and environmental health.

RESUMEN El objetivo es realizar una reflexión teórica sobre la inseparabilidad entre la salud pública, la salud planetaria y el proceso de enfermería a la luz del pensamiento de la complejidad, para contribuir con el desarrollo saludable y sostenible. Se trata de un estudio con enfoque teórico-reflexivo que accedió a fuentes bibliográficas de autores contemporáneos que defienden la inseparabilidad entre la salud pública y la salud planetaria y, al mismo tiempo, otorgan apoyo teórico-sistémico al proceso de enfermería, bajo un sesgo inductivo crítico. El proceso de enfermería se concibe como un fenómeno complejo, compuesto por dinámicas interdependientes, enfoques dialógicos, percepción crítico-reflexiva y liderazgo prospectivo. La reflexión teórica sobre el proceso de enfermería y el desarrollo sostenible suscita una mirada ampliada, contextualizada e interdependiente sobre la actuación profesional de enfermería en los diversos contextos de salud, con el fin de no comprometer el bienestar y la salud ambiental.

RESUMO Objetiva-se conduzir reflexão teórica sobre a indissociabilidade entre saúde pública, saúde planetária e processo de enfermagem à luz do pensamento da complexidade, no intuito de contribuir para o desenvolvimento saudável e sustentável. Estudo de abordagem teórico-reflexiva que acessou fontes bibliográficas de autores contemporâneos que defendem a indissociabilidade entre saúde pública e saúde planetária e, paralelamente, conferem sustentação teórico-sistêmica ao processo de enfermagem, sob um viés crítico indutivo. Concebe-se o processo de enfermagem como fenômeno complexo, que compreende uma dinâmica interdependente, abordagens dialógicas, percepção crítico-reflexiva e liderança prospectiva. A reflexão teórica acerca do processo de enfermagem e o desenvolvimento sustentável suscita um olhar ampliado, contextualizado e interdependente sobre a atuação do profissional de enfermagem nos diversos contextos da saúde, a fim de não comprometer o bem-estar e a saúde ambiental.

Bereavement care interventions and outcome criteria planned by community nurses in the Canary Islands. / Intervenciones y criterios de resultado planificados por las enfermeras comunitarias en la atención al duelo en Canarias.

Nursing care in bereavement is complex. Primary health care is the ideal setting to support the bereaved, but we do not know much about the care plans designed by primary health care nurses in the treatment of grief. OBJECTIVE: To identify the outcomes criteria and interventions planned by nurses for mourners with and without complications in the Canary Islands. METHOD: Retrospective longitudinal study, using the electronic health records of the Canary Islands health service of people with a diagnosis of grieving, risk of complicated grieving and complicated grieving, in the period 2009-2014. RESULTS: NOC outcomes criteria were recorded in 67% of the mourners, and up to 24 different outcomes were identified. The main outcomes measures were Grief resolution; Psychosocial adjustment, Life change; Coping; Family coping; Family social climate and Caregiver emotional health. The remaining outcomes were present in less than 1% of the mourners. Although the outcomes criteria proposed by nurses in the mourners with and without complications were quite homogeneous, differences in interventions were found. In 67% of the cases, NIC interventions were reported. Ninety-nine different interventions were identified in the mourners; the most frequent were Emotional support; Grief work facilitation; Active listening; Coping enhancement and counselling. The remaining identified interventions were present in less than 5% of patients. The main interventions in the mourners with complications were Grief work facilitation; Coping enhancement; Active listening; Counselling and Family integrity promotion. CONCLUSION: Nurses state that there are more interventions and outcomes in mourners with complications. Given the few methodologically reliable studies that prove their effectiveness, continued research in this area is recommended.

Evidências científicas na consulta de enfermagem em cuidado avançado e o emprego das terminologias padronizadas / Scientific evidence in advanced care nursing consultation and the use of standardized terminologies / Evidencias científicas en consulta de enfermería de cuidado avanzado y el uso de terminologías estandarizadas

Objetivo: identificar, pelas evidências científicas na consulta do enfermeiro em cuidado avançado, o emprego das terminologias padronizadas nas etapas do processo de enfermagem em contextos de cuidado. Método: revisão integrativa realizada em seis etapas. Resultados: foram selecionados 14 artigos. As terminologias padronizadas mais utilizadas pelo enfermeiro durante as consultas de enfermagem foram a CIPE® (65%), seguida da NNN ­ NANDA-I, NOC e NIC (21%); NOC (7%); CIPE®, NNN e Omaha System (7%). 43% utilizam a linguagem padronizada nas etapas de diagnóstico, resultado e intervenção. A respeito do contexto de cuidado, o uso de terminologias padronizadas de enfermagem era empregado 36% em ambiente hospitalar, 14% em Home Care, 14% em Atenção Primária à Saúde, 7% em clínica privada e 29% não foram informados. Conclusão: a terminologia padronizada mais utilizada foi a CIPE® (65%), nas etapas de diagnóstico, resultado e intervenção (43%) no ambiente hospitalar (36%).

Objective: to identify, through scientific evidence in the consultation of nurses in advanced care, the use of standardized terminologies in the stages of the nursing process in care contexts. Methodology: integrative review carried out in six stages. Results: 14 articles were selected. The standardized terminologies most used by nurses during nursing consultations were ICNP® (65%), followed by NNN-NANDA-I, NOC and NIC (21%); NOC (7%); ICNP®, NNN and Omaha System (7%). 43% use standardized language in the stages of diagnosis, outcome and intervention. Regarding the care context, the use of standardized nursing terminologies was used by 36% in a hospital environment, 14% in Home Care, 14% in Primary Health Care, 7% in a private clinic and 29% were not informed. Conclusion: the most used standardized terminology was ICNP® (65%), in the stages of diagnosis, outcome and intervention (43%) in the hospital environment (36%).

Objetivo: identificar, por medio de las evidencias científicas en la consulta del enfermero en cuidado avanzado, el empleo de las terminologías estandarizadas en las etapas del proceso de enfermería en contextos de cuidado. Metodología: revisión integradora realizada en seis etapas. Resultados: se seleccionaron 14 artículos. Las terminologías estandarizadas más utilizadas por las enfermeras durante las consultas de enfermería fueron CIPE® (65%), seguida de NNN ­ NANDA-I, NOC y NIC (21%); NOC (7%); CIPE®, NNN y Omaha System (7%). El 43% utilizó el lenguaje estandarizado en las etapas de diagnóstico, resultado e intervención. En lo que respecta al contexto de la atención, el uso de las terminologías denominadas de enfermería se empleó en un 36% en el entorno hospitalario, en un 14% en la atención domiciliaria, en un 14% en la atención primaria a la salud, en un 7% en clínica privada y un 29% no fueron informados. Conclusión: la terminología estandarizada más utilizada fue la CIPE® (65%), en las etapas de diagnóstico, resultado e intervención (43%) en el ámbito hospitalario (36%).

Proceso de enfermería en paciente con choque séptico desde la perspectiva del déficit de autocuidado (caso clínico) / Nursing process in a patient with septic shock from the perspective of self-care deficit

El choque séptico es un estado de hipoperfusión tisular definido como subcategoría de la sepsis en la que las alteraciones circulatorias y del metabolismo celular pueden aumentar considerablemente la mortalidad. A nivel mundial, el choque séptico ocupa el segundo lugar como causa de muerte no coronaria en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI), con una incidencia anual del 10%, y con una mortalidad hospitalaria de 18 a 35%. Objetivo: Describir el abordaje del Proceso de Atención de Enfermería en el paciente con choque séptico y desde la perspectiva del déficit de autocuidado. Metodología: El caso clínico se fundamentó en las etapas del Proceso de Atención de Enfermería (PAE), en la Teoría Enfermera del Déficit de Autocuidado (TEDA) de Dorothea Orem y en herramientas taxonómicas para el abordaje individualizado del plan de cuidados. Resultados: Paciente de 68 años en el servicio de Cuidados Intensivos Adultos, cursa la primera hora del posoperatorio por nefrectomía izquierda secundaria a absceso perirenal, que condiciona a choque séptico. Se abordó el PAE con apoyo del TEDA siendo prioritaria la etiqueta diagnóstica disminución del gasto cardiaco. Conclusiones: La aplicación de las teorías y modelos de enfermería proporcionan un marco de referencia para otorgar cuidados de calidad en los diferentes ámbitos de desempeño, incluyendo unidades de atención de cuidados intensivos. Resulta indispensable usar la metodología del PAE que permite dar evidencia de la profesionalización del cuidado, al usar un lenguaje técnico, con el apoyo de la Teoría de Orem y con las herramientas taxonómicas[AU]

Septic shock is a state of tissue hypoperfusion defined as a subcategory of sepsis in which circulatory and cellular metabolism alterations can considerably increase mortality. Worldwide, septic shock ranks second as a cause of non-coronary death in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), with an annual incidence of 10%, and a hospital mortality of 18 to 35%. Objective: To describe the approach to the Nursing Care Process in patients with septic shock and from the perspective of self-care deficit. Methodology: The clinical case was based on the stages of the Nursing Care Process (PAE), on the Nursing Theory of Self-Care Deficit (TEDA) by Dorothea Orem and on taxonomic tools for the individualized approach to the care plan. Results: A 68-year-old patient, in the Adult Intensive Care service, undergoes the first postoperative hour due to left nephrectomy secondary to perirenal abscess, which conditions septic shock. The PAE was approached with the support of the TEDA, with a priority being the dignostic label reduction of cardiac output. Conclusions: The application of nursing theories and models provide a frame of reference to provide quality care in different areas of performance, including intensive care units. It is essential to use the PAE methodology that allows to give evidence of the professionalization of care, by using technical language, with the support of Orem's Theory and with taxonomic tools[AU]

O choque séptico é um estado de hipoperfusão tecidual definida como uma subcategoria da sepse em que alterações circulatórias e do metabolismo celular podem aumentar consideravelmente a mortalidade. Mundialmente, o choque séptico ocupa o segundo lugar como causa de morte não coronariana em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI), com incidência anual de 10% e mortalidade hospitalar de 18 a 35%. Objetivo: Descrever a abordagem do Processo de Cuidado de Enfermagem ao paciente com choque séptico na perspectiva do déficit de autocuidado. Metodologia: O caso clínico baseou-se nas etapas do Processo de Cuidar em Enfermagem (PAE), na Teoria de Enfermagem do Déficit de Autocuidado (TEDA) de Dorothea Orem e em ferramentas taxonômicas para a abordagem individualizada do plano de cuidados. Resultados: Paciente de 68 anos, internada em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Adulto, com primeira hora de pós-operatório por nefrectomia esquerda secundária a abscesso perirrenal, que acarreta choque séptico. O PAE foi abordado com o apoio do TEDA, tendo como prioridade o rótulo digno de redução do débito cardíaco. Conclusões: A aplicação de teorias e modelos de enfermagem fornecem um quadro de referência para fornecer cuidados de qualidade em diferentes áreas de atuação, incluindo unidades de terapia intensiva. É imprescindível utilizar a metodologia PAE que permita evidenciar a profissionalização do cuidado, por meio de linguagem técnica, com o apoio da Teoria de Orem e com ferramentas taxonómicas[AU]

Processo de enfermagem aplicado na assistência à criança hospitalizada / Nursing process applied to care for hospitalized children / Proceso de enfermería aplicado al cuidado del niño hospitalizado

O objetivo deste artigo é investigar o conhecimento produzido por enfermeiros, relacionado à sistematização da assistência de enfermagem e à criança hospitalizada. Trata-se de uma revisão narrativa de literatura com abordagem qualitativa, exploratória e retrospectiva. Esta revisão foi realizada no segundo semestre de 2021, por meio de buscas em acervos de revistas acessados via Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde Pública, e os manuscritos selecionados passaram por leituras de modo sequencial, conforme a proposta de análise de conteúdo de Bardin. Os periódicos selecionados foram publicados no intervalo de 2017 a 2021. Nesta pesquisa, dos periódicos que tiveram publicações incluídas, 42,85% pertencem ao qualis B1, o qualis B2 e A2 representam 21,42% cada, e os qualis A1 e B3 equivalem a 7,14% cada. Em relação à região de publicação, as que mais contribuíram numericamente foram o Sudeste e o Sul, com 42,85% e 28,57%, respectivamente; o Centro-Oeste representa 21,42% e o Nordeste 7,14%. Foram encontrados 26 diagnósticos de enfermagem que são aplicados na prática da assistência à criança hospitalizada. O processo de enfermagem é um instrumento de comunicação que apresenta o plano de ação instituído à equipe de enfermagem e aos outros profissionais envolvidos no tratamento da criança.

The aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge produced by nurses, relating to the systematization of nursing care and to the hospitalized child. This is a narrative literature review with a qualitative, exploratory, and retrospective approach. This review was carried out in the second half of 2021, with searches in journals' collections accessed via the Virtual Public Health Library, and the selected manuscripts were read sequentially, as proposed by Bardin's content analysis. The selected journals were published in the time interval from 2017 to 2021. In this research, of the journals that had publications included, 42.85% belong to qualis B1, qualis B2 and A2 represented 21.42% each, and qualis A1 and B3 equated to 7.14% each. Regarding the region of publication, those that contributed the most numerically were the Southeast and South, with 42.85% and 28.57%, respectively; the Midwest represents 21.42% and the Northeast 7.14% of publications. A total of 26 nursing diagnoses that are applied in the practice of care for hospitalized children were found. The nursing process is a communication tool that presents the established action plan to the nursing team and other professionals involved in the child's treatment.

El objetivo de este artículo fue investigar el conocimiento producido por enfermeros, relacionado a la sistematización del cuidado de enfermería y del niño hospitalizado. Se trata de una revisión narrativa de la literatura, con enfoque cualitativo, exploratorio y retrospectivo. Esta revisión se realizó en el segundo semestre de 2021, mediante una búsqueda en las colecciones de las revistas de la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud Pública, enseguida se leyeron los manuscritos seleccionados según lo propuesto por el análisis de contenido de Bardin. Las revistas seleccionadas se encuentran publicadas en el intervalo de tiempo de 2017 a 2021. En esta investigación, el 42,85% de las revistas que tuvieron publicaciones incluidas pertenecen a la calidad B1, el 21,42% corresponde a las calidades B2 y A2 cada una, y las calidades A1 y B3 equivalen al 7,14% cada uno. En cuanto a la región donde se publicaron los artículos, las que más aportaron numéricamente fueron Sudeste y Sur con un 42,85% y un 28,57%, respectivamente; Centro-Oeste representa el 21,42% y Nordeste el 7,14% de las publicaciones. Se encontraron 26 diagnósticos de enfermería que se aplican en la práctica del cuidado del niño hospitalizado. El proceso de enfermería es un instrumento de comunicación que presenta el plan de acción establecido al equipo de enfermería y demás profesionales involucrados en el tratamiento del niño.