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Scholarship in Health Professions Education is not just original research, it also includes study of educational processes, and application of new knowledge to practice. The pathways to successful scholarship are not always clear to novice educators. In this article, we describe strategies to establish a Community of Scholars (CoS), where more experienced and senior members guide junior members in scholarship to advance the field. Drawing on Lave and Wenger's concepts of Communities of Practice (CoP), we describe twelve practical tips, which include generation of a shared vision, formation of a global community of scholars, engagement in scholarly initiatives, and development of a professional identity, categorised under three major steps: establish, grow, and sustain the community. The tips embrace inclusivity for diverse cultural contexts which further provide opportunities for Health Professions Educators, interested in forming communities of practice, to work on scholarly outputs and add value to the professional arena.
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Bolsas de Estudo , Ocupações em Saúde , HumanosRESUMO
CONTEXT: In 1988, the World Federation of Medical Education called for reform in medical education, publishing 12 recommendations. The sixth recommendation of this Edinburgh Declaration was to 'complement instruction about the management of patients with increased emphasis on promotion of health and prevention of disease'. Thirty years on, this paper reports an exploration of what has changed since then. METHODS: Several search strategies were used, including websites of medical standards organisations, and formal searches of PubMed and Google Scholar using key words such as 'medical education standards', 'health promotion', 'illness prevention', 'effectiveness' and 'assessment'. As these searches produced more descriptive than evidence-based papers, the exploration widened to follow evolving discussions about changing emphases in medical education relevant to public health. RESULTS: Health promotion and illness prevention are in the undergraduate medical education standards of the more influential regulators. There is little evidence of the impact of this inclusion on graduate outcomes and later medical practice, although 'differently educated' doctors may have contributed to the success of broader public health strategies achieved through reorganisation of health care, media campaigns and legislation changes. There is greater success in postgraduate specialty training of general practitioners and public health doctors. The discussion about public health interventions and the roles of doctors has moved on to topics such as patient safety, the health of doctors, global health and planetary health. CONCLUSIONS: The inclusion of health promotion and illness prevention strategies in undergraduate curricula varied considerably, but was strongest in programmes claiming social accountability and responding to medical education standards of the more influential regulators. However, the contribution of medical education to improvements in health care and the health of populations is difficult to measure. It may be timely to revisit the purpose and practicality of broadening the scope of undergraduate medical curricula in public health medicine.
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Currículo , Educação de Graduação em Medicina/normas , Promoção da Saúde , Saúde Pública/educação , Atenção à Saúde , Saúde Global , Humanos , MédicosRESUMO
The Australian Government is wise to examine other health care systems as it strives to improve the quality of care and address rising costs to both governments and individuals. Focus is currently on the United Kingdom, whose National Health Service (NHS) stands out as one that delivers good care at a reasonable price to all who need it. The Australian and UK systems have many similarities: universal access, tax payer support, no or low cost at point of delivery, and good population health outcomes. They also face similar pressures on services from aging, increasingly unwell yet expectant populations.However, there are also differences, largely in the way that health care is funded, organised and delivered. The NHS is a huge system for 60 million people in four home countries with diverging policies. Within England, the system is managed through 10 strategic health authorities, each responsible for about 5 million people and having the right to interpret national policy. Population based health care, including tertiary care, is funded locally via primary care trusts.
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Atenção à Saúde/organização & administração , Médicos de Família/organização & administração , Atenção Primária à Saúde/organização & administração , Austrália , Humanos , Reino UnidoRESUMO
Many Australian general practitioners may be interested in working as a GP in the United Kingdom. Since mid 2005 the process has become more difficult, complex and expensive, but the transition is still possible if the correct process is followed. This article guides potential applicants through the complexity, providing details of each step and citing the necessary resources.
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Emigração e Imigração/legislação & jurisprudência , Medicina de Família e Comunidade/organização & administração , Médicos Graduados Estrangeiros , Área de Atuação Profissional , Austrália , Medicina de Família e Comunidade/educação , Medicina de Família e Comunidade/normas , Humanos , Intercâmbio Educacional Internacional , Licenciamento em Medicina , Reino UnidoRESUMO
Medical migration appears to be an increasing global phenomenon, with complex contributing factors. Although it is acknowledged that such movements are inevitable, given the current globalized economy, the movement of health professionals from their country of training raises questions about equity of access and quality of care. Concerns arise if migration occurs from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) to high-income countries (HICs). The actions of HICs receiving medical practitioners from LMICs are examined through the global justice theories of John Rawls and Immanuel Kant. These theories were initially proposed by Pogge (1988) and Tan (1997) and, in this work, are extended to the issue of medical migration. Global justice theories propose that instead of looking at health needs and workforce issues within their national boundaries, HICs should be guided by principles of justice relevant to the needs of health systems on a global scale. Issues of individual justice are also considered within the framework of rights and social responsibilities of individual medical practitioners. Local and international policy changes are suggested based on both global justice theories and the ideals of individual justice.