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1.
Mundo Saúde (Online) ; 47: e14502022, 2023.
مقالة ي الانجليزية, البرتغالية | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1510501

الملخص

Cerca de um terço dos pacientes com COVID-19 em unidades de terapia intensiva (UTI) apresentam injúria renal aguda (IRA) dialítica. Poucos estudos têm avaliado a sobrevida de pacientes com IRA em UTI exclusivamente pública. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a sobrevida intra-hospitalar em 90 dias de pacientes com e sem IRA dialítica internados com COVID-19 grave. Trata-se de uma coorte histórica de um hospital geral em Joinville, Santa Catarina/Brasil. Foram incluídos todos os pacientes admitidos na UTI entre março e dezembro de 2020 com diagnóstico confirmado de COVID-19. Definiu-se IRA como a presença de alteração de função renal aguda com necessidade de hemodiálise. Utilizou-se modelo multivariado por regressão de Cox para avaliar a sobrevida de pacientes com e sem IRA dialítica. Os resultados do estudo demonstraram que dos 187 pacientes incluídos (55,5% homens) com média de idade de 62,8±13,6 anos, 37,4% apresentaram IRA dialítica. Pacientes com IRA dialítica usaram mais drogas vasoativas, tinham maior gravidade na admissão e maior mortalidade (84,3% vs. 63,2%; p=0,002) em relação àqueles sem IRA. O risco de morte nos pacientes com IRA foi maior (RR bruto= 1,60; IC 95% 1,13-2,26; p= 0,007). Após ajustes para idade, sexo, comorbidades e gravidade clínica, a presença de IRA dialítica se manteve associada a uma frequência maior de mortalidade em 90 dias (RR= 1,49; IC 95% 1,03-2.15; p=0,032). A sobrevida de pacientes com COVID-19 grave e IRA dialítica na amostra estudada foi menor em relação a UTIs privadas no Brasil, o que sugere desigualdades no sistema público.


About one third of patients with COVID-19 in intensive care units (ICU) have acute kidney injury (AKI) requiring dialysis. Few studies have evaluated the survival ratel of patients with AKI in exclusively public ICUs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the 90-day in-hospital survival of patients with and without AKI requiring dialysis hospitalized with severe COVID-19. This is a historical cohort of a general hospital in Joinville, Santa Catarina/Brazil. All patients admitted to the ICU between March and December of 2020 with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 were included. AKI was defined by the presence of acute renal function alteration requiring hemodialysis. A multivariate Cox regression model was used to assess the survival of patients with and without AKI requiring dialysis. The results of the study showed that, of the 187 patients included (55.5% men) with a mean age of 62.8±13.6 years, 37.4% had AKI requiring dialysis. Patients with AKI requiring dialysis used more vasoactive drugs, had greater severity on admission and higher mortality rate (84.3% vs. 63.2%; p=0.002) compared to those without AKI. The risk of death in patients with AKI was higher (crude RR= 1.60; 95% CI 1.13-2.26; p= 0.007). After adjustments for age, sex, comorbidities and clinical severity, the presence of AKI requiring dialysis remained associated with a higher frequency of 90-day mortality (RR= 1.49; 95% CI 1.03-2.15; p=0.032). The survival of patients with severe COVID-19 and AKI requiring dialysis in the studied sample was lower compared to private ICUs in Brazil, which suggests inequalities in the public system.

2.
Rev. bras. ter. intensiva ; 27(3): 260-265, jul.-set. 2015. tab, ilus
مقالة ي البرتغالية | LILACS | ID: lil-761667

الملخص

RESUMOObjetivo:Avaliar a concordância entre um novo método de vigilância epidemiológica do Center for Disease Control and Prevention e o Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score para detecção de pneumonia associada à ventilação mecânica.Métodos:Coorte prospectiva que avaliou pacientes internados nas unidades de terapia intensiva de dois hospitais que permaneceram intubados por mais de 48 horas no período de agosto de 2013 a junho de 2014. Os pacientes foram avaliados diariamente pelos fisioterapeutas com o Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score. De forma independente, um enfermeiro aplicou o novo método de vigilância proposto pelo Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Avaliou-se a concordância diagnóstica entre os métodos. Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score ≥ 7 foi considerado diagnóstico clínico de pneumonia associada à ventilação mecânica, considerando-se diagnóstico definitivo a associação de Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score ≥ 7 com germe isolado em cultura semiquantitativa ≥ 104 unidades formadoras de colônias.Resultados:De 801 pacientes admitidos nas unidades de terapia intensiva, 198 estiveram sob ventilação mecânica. Destes, 168 permaneceram intubados por mais de 48 horas. Identificaram-se 18 (10,7%) condições infecciosas associadas à ventilação mecânica e 14 (8,3%) pneumonias associadas à ventilação mecânica possíveis ou prováveis, representando 35% (14/38) diagnósticos clínicos de pneumonia associada à ventilação mecânica. O método do Center for Disease Control and Prevention identificou casos de pneumonia associada à ventilação mecânica com sensibilidade de 0,37 e especificidade de 1,0, com valor preditivo positivo de 1,0 e negativo de 0,84. As diferenças implicaram em discrepâncias na densidade de incidência de pneumonia associada à ventilação mecânica (CDC: 5,2/1000 dias de ventilação mecânica; Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score ≥ 7: 13,1/1000 dias de ventilação mecânica).Conclusão:O método do Center for Disease Control and Prevention falhou na detecção de casos de pneumonia associada à ventilação mecânica e pode não ser satisfatório como método de vigilância.Objective: To evaluate the agreement between a new epidemiological surveillance method of the Center for Disease Control and Prevention and the clinical pulmonary infection score for mechanical ventilator-associated pneumonia detection.


ABSTRACTObjective:>To evaluate the agreement between a new epidemiological surveillance method of the Center for Disease Control and Prevention and the clinical pulmonary infection score for mechanical ventilator-associated pneumonia detection.Methods:This was a prospective cohort study that evaluated patients in the intensive care units of two hospitals who were intubated for more than 48 hours between August 2013 and June 2014. Patients were evaluated daily by physical therapist using the clinical pulmonary infection score. A nurse independently applied the new surveillance method proposed by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention. The diagnostic agreement between the methods was evaluated. A clinical pulmonary infection score of ≥ 7 indicated a clinical diagnosis of mechanical ventilator-associated pneumonia, and the association of a clinical pulmonary infection score ≥ 7 with an isolated semiquantitative culture consisting of ≥ 104 colony-forming units indicated a definitive diagnosis.Results:Of the 801 patients admitted to the intensive care units, 198 required mechanical ventilation. Of these, 168 were intubated for more than 48 hours. A total of 18 (10.7%) cases of mechanical ventilation-associated infectious conditions were identified, 14 (8.3%) of which exhibited possible or probable mechanical ventilatorassociated pneumonia, which represented 35% (14/38) of mechanical ventilator-associated pneumonia cases. The Center for Disease Control and Prevention method identified cases of mechanical ventilator-associated pneumonia with a sensitivity of 0.37, specificity of 1.0, positive predictive value of 1.0, and negative predictive value of 0.84. The differences resulted in discrepancies in the mechanical ventilator-associated pneumonia incidence density (CDC, 5.2/1000 days of mechanical ventilation; clinical pulmonary infection score ≥ 7, 13.1/1000 days of mechanical ventilation).Conclusion:The Center for Disease Control and Prevention method failed to detect mechanical ventilatorassociated pneumonia cases and may not be satisfactory as a surveillance method.


الموضوعات
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Intensive Care Units , Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated/diagnosis , Population Surveillance/methods , Respiration, Artificial/adverse effects , Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. , Cohort Studies , Incidence , Predictive Value of Tests , Prospective Studies , Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated/epidemiology , Respiration, Artificial/statistics & numerical data , Sensitivity and Specificity , United States
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