الملخص
This study aimed to report three cases of contagious agalactia (CA) by Mycoplasma agalactiae in goat kids born with polyarthritis. The nanny goats belonging to two different herds presented clinical signs of CA during pregnancy and in parturition they were apparently healthy. The carpal articulations of the three goat kids, the tarsus articulation in one, and thigh-femoral articulation in another showed swelling, pain and impairment of the flexion-extension movements. The articular liquid was collected from two goat kids at birth and revealed a content which varied from transparent to fibrinopurulent, presenting a yellow coloring. The samples were plated on modified Hayflick. The colonies had the appearance of "fried egg" and were confirmed as being M. agalactiae by biochemical tests and 16S rRNA PCR. Blood was collected from three animals soon after birth and submitted to the indirect ELISA test for the determination of the titration of the anti- M. agalactiae antibodies. The results confirmed that the goat kids were infected during pregnancy by M. agalactiae and resulted in the birth of an offspring with clinical signs of CA being immune tolerant...
الموضوعات
Animals , Arthritis/veterinary , Infections/transmission , Mycoplasma agalactiae/isolation & purification , Ruminants , Polymerase Chain Reaction/veterinary , Maternal-Fetal Exchange/immunologyالملخص
This paper aims to evaluate the efficiency of three inactive vaccines against contagious agalactia prepared with samples of Mycoplasma agalactiae isolated in Brazil and different adjuvants. Vaccine 1 adsorbed with aluminum hydroxide was administered in 23 goats (Gc1) and 13 sheep (Gov1); vaccine 2 containing Montanide IMS-2215-VG was administered in 22 goats (Gc2) and 12 sheep (Gov2) and vaccine 3, containing Montanide Gel-01 was administered in 22 goats (Gc3) and 12 sheep (Gov3). All animals were negative for Ma at indirect ELISA and received two doses of 2mL each, subcutaneously, within a 21 day interval. Five animals from each species were used as control. Seventy-five days after the booster, four animals from each vaccinated group and two from the control group were challenged with 5mL of Ma culture containing 10(7)cfu/mL, orally and through immersion of the female's udder in lactation. The serological response was analyzed during vaccination days (0 and 21) and at 51, 81, 111, 141 and 171 days after vaccination. The collection and analysis of the challenged animals were conducted at the day of the challenge (D0) and 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49 and 56 days after the challenge. The three vaccines induced the production of antibodies, having no significant statistical difference (p<0.05). Animals from groups Gc1, Gc2 and Gov2 developed higher levels of antibodies, with significant statistical difference compared to the other vaccinated group and control group (p<0.05). After the challenge, the animals from the control presented an increase in regional lymph nodes and conjunctivitis, mastitis and arthritis. In four vaccinated animals, discrete conjunctivitis and congestion of the episcleral veins was observed. It is concluded that vaccines 1 and 2 induced levels of protective antibodies in goats and sheep, sufficient for clinical protection of the animals submitted to the experimental infection, indicating its use on the prevention of contagious agalactia.
Este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar a eficácia de três vacinas inativadas contra agalaxia contagiosa, preparadas com amostra de Mycoplasma agalactiae isolada no Brasil e diferentes adjuvantes. A vacina 1, adsorvida com hidróxido de alumínio, foi administrada em 23 caprinos (Gc1) e 13 ovinos (Gov1); a vacina 2, contendo Montanide IMS-2215-VG, foi administrada em 22 caprinos (Gc2) e 12 ovinos (Gov2); e a vacina 3, contendo Montanide Gel-01 foi administrada em 22 caprinos (Gc3) e 12 ovinos (Gov3). Todos os animais eram negativos para Ma no ELISA indireto e receberam duas doses de 2mL cada, por via subcutânea, com intervalo de 21 dias. Cinco animais de cada espécie foram utilizados como controle. Setenta e cinco dias após o reforço, quatro animais de cada grupo vacinado e dois do grupo controle foram desafiados com 5mL de cultura de Ma contendo 10(7)ufc/mL, por via oral e pela imersão dos tetos das fêmeas em lactação. A resposta sorológica foi analisada nos dias da vacinação (zero e 21) e aos 51, 81, 111, 141 e 171 dias pós-vacinação. As coletas e análises dos animais desafiados foram realizadas no dia do desafio (D0) e sete, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49 e 56 dias pós-desafio. As três vacinas induziram produção de anticorpos, não havendo diferença estatisticamente significativa entre caprinos e ovinos (P>0,05). Animais dos grupos Gc1, Gc2 e Gov2 produziram níveis de anticorpos mais elevados, com diferença estatisticamente significativa em relação aos demais grupos vacinados e ao grupo controle (P<0,05). Após o desafio, os animais do grupo controle apresentaram aumento de linfonodos regionais e conjuntivite, mastite e artrite. Em quatro animais vacinados, foi observada discreta conjuntivite e congestão dos vasos episclerais. Conclui-se que as vacinas 1 e 2 induziram níveis de anticorpos protetores em caprinos e ovinos suficientes para proteção clínica dos animais submetidos à infecção experimental, podendo ser indicadas para prevenção da agalaxia contagiosa.
الموضوعات
Animals , Mycoplasma agalactiae , Mycoplasma agalactiae/chemistry , Vaccines/administration & dosage , Vaccines/analysis , Vaccines/adverse effects , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/adverse effects , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/veterinaryالملخص
O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a ocorrência da infecção pelo vírus Maedi-Visna em ovinos criados nas microrregiões de Botucatu, Campinas, Piedade e São Paulo do Estado de São Paulo. As amostras de soro sanguíneo foram colhidas de 226 ovinos e foi realizada a técnica de imunodifusão em gel de ágar para a detecção de anticorpos antivírus Maedi-Visna e verificou-se que nenhuma das amostras testadas foi sororeagente. Dessa forma, faz-se necessário um estudo mais amplo no estado, a fim de se confirmar a baixa ocorrência e importância da enfermidade no estado.
Survey for antibodies against maedi-visna virus in sheep in the regions of Botucatu, Campinas, São Paulo and Piedade, state of São Paulo, Brazil. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the occurrence of infection with maedi-visna virus in sheep raised in the regions of Botucatu, Campinas, Piedade and São Paulo, state of São Paulo, Brazil, that showed symptoms of the disease. Blood serum samples collected from 226 sheep were submitted to the agar gel immunodiffusion technique for detection of antibodies against maedi-visna virus, and none of the samples tested was serum reactive. In conclusion, the maedi-visna virus has low frequency in animals raised in the regions studied.
الموضوعات
Animals , Infections/microbiology , Lentivirus/pathogenicity , Virology , Sheepالملخص
The prevalence of antibodies against bluetongue virus was investigated in 41 dairy goats and 40 sheep herds in the semi-arid region of Pernambuco state and the conditions for insect Culicoides maintenance, considering climate dynamics and vector competence, were evaluated. The percents of seropositive herds in agar gel immunodiffusion test for bluetongue virus group were 24 for goats and 27.5 for sheep. The estimated prevalences of seropositive animals were 3.9 percent for goats (n = 410) and 4.3 percent for sheep (n = 400). The prevalences of seropositive animals were low in the mesoregion of Sertão Pernambucano (4.8 percent for goats and 4.1 percent for sheep) and São Francisco Pernambucano (1.0 percent for goats and 4.5 percent for sheep). There were no significant differences between species and regions. Considering the social and economic importance of goats and sheep raising in the semi-arid region, it is essential to establish preventive measures to control imports of ruminants from these areas.
الملخص
The seroprevalence of Maedi-Visna in sheep from Araçatuba region - SP, was determined and correlated to age, gender, breed, or sheep production systems. Blood samples were collected from 444 sheep, aging from two to 12 year-old. Both sexes and different breeds were sampled in 20 farms of this region. Physical examination was performed in all animals. Agar gel immunodiffusion test kit was used to diagnose in serum samples. Twelve animals, from five different farms, were AGID positive, yielding a seroprevalence of 2.7%, with no correlation among breed, gender, or sheep production systems and the detection of the disease. No animal considered positive for Maedi-Visna showed clinical signs compatible with Maedi-Visna.
الموضوعات
Animals , Seroepidemiologic Studies , Visna-maedi virus/isolation & purification , Arthritis-Encephalitis Virus, Caprine/isolation & purification , Brazil/epidemiology , Immunodiffusion/methods , Sheepالملخص
O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a ocorrência de Mycoplasma agalactiae, com o uso da reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR), em 30 rebanhos caprinos leiteiros nas microrregiões do Cariri Ocidental e Oriental do estado da Paraíba. Das 120 amostras de leite testadas, nove (7,5 por cento) apresentaram amplificação de apenas um fragmento com 360pb. As amostras que amplificaram este fragmento estavam presentes em 6/30 (20 por cento) fazendas localizadas nos municípios de Amparo, Santo André e Gurjão.
الموضوعات
Animals , Goats , Mycoplasma Infections/epidemiology , Milk/chemistry , Mycoplasma agalactiae/isolation & purification , Polymerase Chain Reaction/methodsالملخص
This work was performed in 60 goat farms located in 15 counties of the micro regions of Western and Eastern Cariri, in Paraiba, to describe and analyze the sanitary profile of the flocks. Visits were done and the answers, obtained from questionnaires that were applied to the farmers, were used. It was observed a mortality of 20 percent in young animals in 80 percent of the farms. The presence of technical assistance in 93.3 percent in the studied farms, adoption of prophylactic calendar in 85 percent and parasitic control in 83.3 percent of the flocks were also observed
الموضوعات
Animals , Goats , Health Profile , Measures of Disease Occurrenceالملخص
The prevalence of small ruminant lentivirus (SRL) infection was evaluated in goats and sheep in two counties of Pernambuco State, Brasil. Seriological examinations were performed from a total of 672 goats and 325 sheep, one year of age and older, at two abattoirs. Sera were analyzed by agar gel immunodiffusion using Maedi-Visna K-1514 antigens. There were 42 reactive samples (95 percent confidence interval 3.6 percent to 4.9 percent) in both slaughter houses. In São Lourenço da Mata county, 3.2 percent and 4.0 percent of goat and sheep sera were responsive, whereas in Paulista county, 5.1 percent of goat samples and 8.2 percent of sheep were reactive. Thus, the prevalence of small ruminant lentivirus was low in goats and sheep sampled from the region.
الموضوعات
Antibodies, Viral/isolation & purification , Goats , Lentivirus Infections/epidemiology , Lentivirus Infections/veterinary , Lentivirus/isolation & purification , Sheepالملخص
Estudaram-se a ocorrência e os fatores predisponentes à artrite encefalite caprina (CAEV) no Rio Grande do Norte. O questionário epidemiológico aplicado a 42 proprietários de 11 municípios produtores de leite avaliou o grau de instrução escolar do proprietário, a origem dos animais, o tipo de criação, as enfermidades mais freqüentes e o manejo sanitário, em geral, bem como as taxas de morbidade e mortalidade. Prevalência de 11 % de infecção pelo CAEV foi observada nos rebanhos, com animais soropositivos em todos os municípios pesquisados. As condições de criação mostraram que há fatores que predispõem à introdução ou disseminação da doença na região estudada.
الموضوعات
Goats , Virus Diseases , Arthritis-Encephalitis Virus, Caprine/isolation & purificationالملخص
Amostras do vírus da artrite-encefalite caprina (CAEV) de animais dos estados de Minas Gerais e Pernambuco foram isoladas a partir de explantes de membrana sinovial (MS) (amostras BrMg 1-01, BrMg 2-01, BrMg 2-02, BrMg 2-03 e BrPe 1-01) ou de co-cultivo de leucócitos com MS (BrMg 1-02). As amostras foram identificadas pelo efeito citopático-ECP (formaçäo de sincícios), imunofluorescência direta (IFD) e reaçäo em cadeia de polimerase (PCR) aperfeiçoada para amplificaçäo de parte do gene gag da amostra CAEV Cork. O estudo do ECP revelou a presença de amostras pouco (BrMg 1-01 e BrMg 1-02) ou fortemente indutoras de ECP (BrMg 2-01, BrMg 2-02, BrMg 2-03 e BrPe 1-01). A IFD mostrou resultado positivo em células de todas as monocamadas infectadas pelas amostras isoladas e em células de referência (CAEV Cork e visna/maedi K 1514). A PCR do DNA de células infectadas resultou na amplificaçäo específica de um fragmento de DNA de 286pb da amostras testadas, exceto do visna/maedi K 1514
الموضوعات
Animals , Female , Arthritis-Encephalitis Virus, Caprine , Goats , Polymerase Chain Reactionالملخص
Foi conduzido um estudo na microrregiäo de Garanhuns do Agreste Pernambucano, visando avaliar o comportamento estacional dos casos de broncopneumonia em bezerros com até 12 meses de idade, atendidos na Clínica de Bovinos da Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, no período de 1983 a 1991. O número de bezerros atendidos foi de 1.820, dos quais 435 (23,9 por cento) tinham como diagnóstico clínico broncopneumonia. Verificou-se progressivo aumento de casos a partir do mês de março, atingindo o primeiro pico em maio-junho, declinando, levemente, em julho e agosto, para alcançar o segundo e maior pico em setembro-outubro. Observou-se que 30 a 60 dias após os maiores índices pluviométricos ocorreram picos de broncopneumonia, sugestivo de uma provável associaçäo com precipitaçäo pluviométrica
الموضوعات
Animals , Bronchopneumonia/epidemiology , Cattle , Cattle Diseases/epidemiologyالملخص
An epidemiological survey based on sorology for antibodies to bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV 1) was performed in Pernambuco State, Brazil. Two hundred and eighty two samples from 18 herds were tested by serum neutralization test (p 37/24) and 69.5 per cent were positive. A positive association between age and seropositivity by BHV 1 was observed. These findings indicate that BHV 1 is widely disseminated in the studied population
الموضوعات
Animals , Cattle , Herpesvirus 1, Bovine/immunology , Antibody Formationالملخص
Foram pesquisados anticorpos precipitantes contra o vírus da artrite-encefalite caprina (CAE), empregando-se a imunodifusäo em ágar-gel, utilizando-se o antígeno do vírus maedi/visna dos ovinos, em 214 amostras de soros de caprinos puros (Saaneu, Toggenburg e Parda Alpina) e seus mestiços, provenientes de cinco exploraçöes leiteiras de quatro municípios do Estado. Evidenciaram-se resultados positivos em 38 amostras (17,7 por cento), com frequências por criaçäo variando de zero a 29,5 por cento
الموضوعات
Animals , Arthritis-Encephalitis Virus, Caprine , Goat Diseases/virology , Goats/virology , Lentivirus Infectionsالملخص
A preliminar survey to detect antibodies against BVD/MD (NADL) and BHV1 (Los Angeles) was perfomed in five dairy goat flocks from four counties of Pernambuco State, Brazil. Two hundred and six serum samples of purebred (Saanen, Toggenburg and Alpine) and crossbred goats were tested by microplate serumneutralization test. Positive results (titre >/ 4) were recorded in 11.6 per cent and 6.8 per cent of samples test to BVD/MD and BHV 1, respectively
الموضوعات
Animals , Antibody Formation , Goats , Herpesviridae Infections/immunology , Pestivirus/immunology , Goat Diseases/immunologyالملخص
Foi estudada uma técnica da traqueocentese transcutânea, praticada na regiäo cervical ventro-medial, para colheita de secreçäo brônquica de bezerros acometidos de broncopneumonia. Foram colhidas amostras de secreçäo nasal, através de "swabs" para comparaçäo da microflora da secreçäo brônquica, empregando-se a traqueocentese em 52 bezerros com diagnóstico clínico de broncopneumonia. A traqueocentese foi realizada em nível de campo, com material de fácil aquisiçäo e manipulaçäo, mostrando-se eficiente para colheita de secreçäo brônquica, facilmente exequível com o animal em estaçäo, sob contençäo mínima e sem necessidade de anestesia. A quantidade de secreçäo brônquica colhida foi suficiente para execuçäo dos exames bacteriológicos. Os exames demonstraram que a traqueocentese reduziu significativamente (P<0,01) o número de enterobactérias, possivelmente contaminantes, em relaçäo ao "swab" nasal