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Objective@#To explore the relative risks of rotavirus diarrhea after exposure to different levels of atmospheric pressure in children in Guangzhou City, so as to provide reference for improving public awareness of high atmospheric pressure exposure.@*Methods@#The study used the China Notifiable Communicable Diseases Network System and China Meteorological Science Data Sharing Service Network to collect meteorological data and data relating to daily cases of rotavirus diarrhea in children at Guangzhou Women and Children s Medical Center from 2012 to 2020. The association between rotavirus diarrhea and atmospheric pressure was analyzed using distributed lag non linear models (DLNM). The relative risks of different sex and age sub groups exposed to different atmospheric pressures were also evaluated.@*Results@#A total of 18 587 cases of rotavirus diarrhea were reported from 2012 to 2020, among which 11 662 cases (62.7%) were boys, and 12 582 cases (67.7%) were children aged 6 to 24 months old, which represented the highest proportion. The results of the DLNM showed that the relative risk of rotavirus diarrhea was the highest on the day of exposure to extreme high atmospheric pressure ( RR =1.50, 95% CI =1.24-1.82, P <0.05) and the effect could last for 28 days. Risk of rotavirus diarrhea was low for exposure to low pressure within 2 weeks ( P <0.05). During extremely high atmospheric pressure weather, RR was higher in girls ( RR =3.31, 95% CI =1.46-7.49， P <0.05) than that in boys ( RR =1.98, 95% CI =0.96-4.07， P >0.05). Among different age sub groups, RR was the highest in children aged 24 to 60 months after exposure to the highest level of atmospheric pressure exposure ( RR =3.36, 95% CI =1.27-8.89, P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#In Guangzhou, exposure to high pressure increases the risk of rotavirus diarrhea in children. In the future, public awareness should be raised regarding the risk after exposure to high atmospheric pressure.
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Hyperbaric oxygen therapy is a method of breathing pure oxygen or high-concentration oxygen in a highpressure environment to treat hypoxic diseases and related diseases. According to clinical verification, this therapy has an irreplaceable effect on certain diseases and has gradually become a comprehensive clinical treatment. One of the main methods of certain diseases is widely recognized by the medical field at home and abroad. The development history, treatment principles, key technologies, and future development trends of hyperbaric oxygen are discussed in detail, provide a research direction for the development of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in the future, and at the same time, it has also improved physicians' awareness of hyperbaric oxygen therapy, so as to improving Industry influence.
الموضوعات
Hyperbaric Oxygenation , Oxygen/therapeutic use , Research Designالملخص
Abstract@#In recent decades, there is a decreasing trend in physical activity, which might be associated with decline in physical and mental health among children and adolescents in China. The outbreak and spread of the COVID-19 further aggravated this trend. Under the background of normalized epidemic prevention and control, in order to deeply understand the relationship between physical activity and physical and mental health of children and adolescents, this study sorted out relevant domestic and foreign literatures, and analyzed the effects of physical activity on children and adolescents health and fitness. The positive effects of physical activity, cognition, and mental health were found to be significantly different in the type, intensity, and time of physical activity in the related health effects.
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Homochiral metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)have attracted considerable attention in many fields of research,such as chiral catalysis and chiral chromatography.However,only few homochiral MOFs can be effectively used in capillary electrochromatography(CEC)and their performances are far from adequate.In this study,we successfully synthesized achiral nanocrystalline MIL-53.A facile post-synthetic modi-fication strategy was then implemented to functionalize the product,yielding a homochiral MOF:L-His-NH-MIL-53.This MOF was then employed as a chiral coating in open-tubular CEC mode(OT-CEC),and,as such,it exhibited high enantioselectivities for several racemic drugs.The homochiral MOF and the fabricated capillary coating were systematically characterized using transmission electron microscopy,scanning electron microscopy(with energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry),Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy,X-ray diffractometry,thermogravimetric analysis,circular dichroism spectroscopy,Bru-nauer-Emmett-Teller surface area measurements,and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.This study is expected to provide a new strategy for the design and establishment of MOF-based chiral OT-CEC systems.
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Objective@#To evaluate the long-term ef efficacy and safety of topical 1% atropine for retarding pregressive myopia.@*Methods@#A randomized controlled study evaluating atropine and placebo in 570 Chinese children aged 8~14 years recruited from pediatric ophthalmology in Yunnan Provincial the Second People s Hospital during Jan. 2015 to Dec. 2019. In experimental group, patients received drops every two weeks for 24 months, then every three weeks for 12 months, followed by no drops for 12 months. In control group, all children wear single focus frame glasses. Spherical equivalent, axial length, intraocular pressure and atropinerelated side effects were examined at 6, 12, 24, 36 and 48 months for all children.@*Results@#At the end of stage Ⅰ, the myopia progression in the atropine treatment group (-0.27±0.81)D was significantly lower than that in the control group (-1.29±0.13)D, and the increase of axial length in the atropine group (0.11±0.13)mm was also significantly lower than that in the control group (0.41±0.19)mm (P<0.05). At the end of stage Ⅱ, the average myopia progression in the atropine treatment group (-0.31±0.28)D was significantly lower than that in the control group (-0.80±0.66)D (P<0.01). Similarly, the axial growth of the experimental group (0.14±0.09)mm was significantly lower than that of the control group (0.39±0.14)mm (P<0.01). After the withdrawal of atropine eye drops (stage Ⅲ), there was no significant refractive regression in the experimental group. During the whole follow-up period, no serious adverse events related to atropine were found.@*Conclusion@#Local intermittent use of 1% atropine eye drops and the gradual reduction of atropine eye drops can ensure the effectiveness in the treatment of myopia, reducing the side effects of atropine, avoiding refractive regression after drug withdrawal, and improving children s compliance at the same time.
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Objective@#To investigate a cluster of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)caused by latent infection in Haikou,so as to provide reference for the prevention and control of COVID-19 clusters. @*Methods@#An epidemiological investigation was conducted according to the COVID-19 Prevention and Control Program(Fourth Edition). The course of diagnosis and treatment,clinical characteristics and field investigation data were collected to analyze the transmission chain and the intergeneration between cases. @*Results @#Among 39 people involved,five confirmed cases and two asymptomatic infections were found,with an attack rate of 17.95%. The cases aged from 40 to 65 years and lived in the dormitories near the farm of Dongshan. The first case(named Case 1)closely contacted with a confirmed case of COVID-19 in Chengmai from January 28 to February 10,was isolated on February 13 and developed symptoms on February 16. The other six cases(Case 2 to Case 7)shared the water source with Case 1 from January 28 to February 13(within the incubation period of Case 1). They needed to open the power switch outside Case 1's room and the water valve in Case 1's washroom before the use of water. They might be infected by contacting the doorknob and the water valve contacted by Case 1,or by the aerosol formed after Case 1 used the washroom,then infected each other when living together. The onset of Case 2 to Case 7 was earlier than Case 1,and they had no travelling history in Hubei Province 14 days before and contacted no confirmed cases except Case 1. Therefore,Case 1 was the source of the cluster during his incubation period of COVID-19. @*Conclusion@#This was a cluster of COVID-19 due to latent transmission by living in the same area and touching the same objects indirectly,which indicated that COVID-19 was infectious in the incubation period.
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Objective The up-regulated expression of miR-182 is associated with poor prognosis of triple-negative breast cancer. This study explored the biological function of the miR-182/MTSS1 signaling pathway in three-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and the mechanism of its regulation. Methods The relative quantitative expressions of miR-182 and MTSS1 were detected in the cancerous and adjacent tissues of 30 cases of TNBC, the influence of miR-182 and MTSS1 on the proliferation and invasiveness of the cells evaluated by cell function tests, the potential binding sites of miR-182 to MTSS1 predicted with the Targetscan software, and MTSS1 confirmed to be the target gene by the dual luciferase reporter system. After transfection of miR-182 into the MCF-7 cells, RT-PCR and Western blot were used to determine the gene and protein expressions of MTSS1 and verify the regulatory effect of miR-182 targeting MTSS1. Results The expression of miR-182 was significantly higher (t=-8.409, P=0.000), while that of MTSS1 lower in the cancerous than in the adjacent tissue (t=2.961, P=0.006). The over expression of miR-182 and silenced expression of MTSS1 markedly enhanced the proliferation and migration of the MCF-7 cells compared with those of the control (P<0.01), while inhibition of miR-182 and over expression of MTSS1 remarkably suppressed their proliferation and migration of the MDA-MB-231 cells (P<0.01). The base sequences of 1083-1089 of the MTSS1 gene were confirmed to be the target binding sites of miR-182. After transfection of miR-182, the expression of MTSS1 in the MCF-7 cells was significantly down-regulated as compared with that in the control (t=-5.918, P= 0.027). Conclusion Target binding of miR-182 to MTSS1 down-regulates the expression of MTSS1 and promotes cell proliferation and migration, which may play an important biological role in the metastasis of TNBC.
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Objective:To study the effect of modified Shaoyao Gancao Tang on 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced Parkinson's disease model mice. Method:The sixty C57/BL6 mice were randomly divided into normal group, model group, Madopar group (50 mg·kg-1) and low, medium and high doses modified Shaoyao Gancao Tang (1,2,4 g·kg-1). The modeling method was to intraperitoneally inject C57/BL6 mice with MPTP(40 mg·kg-1) once a day for 7 days. Except normal group and model group were given normal saline daily,drug-administered group was intragastrical administered once a day, and the third day after the drug was administered according to the above method (except normal group). The behavior of each group of mice (climbing test, swimming test, and tail suspension test) was examined up to 15 days after administration. Subsequently, the levels of Cystatin-C (Cys-C) and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) in the serum of each group were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in striatum of each group were detected by spectrophotometry. The protein expression of α-synuclein (α-syn), tyrosine hydroxylase (TH),B lymphoma-2 gene (Bcl-2) and Bcl-2 related X protein (Bax) in the striatum of each group was detected by Western blot. Result:Compared with normal group, the swimming experiment scores and suspension experiments scores in the behavioral experiments of model group mice were significantly lower (PPPPPPPα-syn and Bax expression in striatum were significantly increased (PPPPPPPPα-syn and Bax expression in striatum were significantly decreased (PPPPPPPPα-syn expression and Bax expression in the striatum were significantly decreased (PConclusion:The neuroprotective effect of modified Shaoyao Gancao Tang on MPTP-induced Parkinson's disease model mice may be achieved by inhibiting oxidative damage and apoptosis.
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As a widely existing natural nanoparticle in living organisms, ferritin nanocage was proven to be a potential nanomaterial in the biomedical field, due to its excellent biocompatibility, specific active targeting properties, ease for preparation or modification, and unique self-assembly properties. This review presents an overview of ferritin nanocage in structural characteristics, surface modifications, and outlines its practical applications for drug delivery, medical imaging, as well as disease diagnosis or treatment. The researches of ferritin nanocage as drug carriers are classified and summarized in carrying different kinds of chemical components of drugs or nucleic acid according to different characteristics. Finally, the prospects in the development of ferritin nanocage are also outlined.
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Aims: The goal of this study was to identify possible concurrent infection of torque teno sus virus (TTSuV) and porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) in a clinical case with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) on certain farm of Shanghai, China. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Swine Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, between June 2009 and June 2010 & Institute of Animal Health, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, between September and November, 2013. Methodology: Multiply-primed rolling-circle amplification (MPRCA), a useful molecular tool, was performed to amplify genome sequence of TTSuV and PCV2. For serum sample of SH0822 from a clinical case with PMWS, the products of MPRCA were digested using EcoR I, Xba I, Sma I, Sac I, respectively. Moreover, Clustal W program (DNASTAR software) and MEGA 5.1 software (neighbour-joining method) was used to analysis its nucleotide homology and genetic relationship. Results: Restriction digestion analysis showed one TTSuV genome-size fragment was presented in 1.2 % agarose gel, moreover, another PCV2 genome-size fragment was also presented. Nucleotide sequencing and phylogenetic analysis results suggested that its complete genome were 2823-nucleotide size and 1767-nucleotide size and they were divided into species TTSuV1b and genotype PCV2b, respectively. Conclusion: Concurrent infection of TTSuV and PCV2 in a clinical case with PMWS was identified using MPRCA combining with restriction endonuclease digestion, which indicated that MPRCA was an effective tool to attain simultaneous detection and genome amplification of TTSuV and PCV2.
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Background and purpose:The incidence of liver cancer is high in China. Primary liver cancers usually occur in patients with liver cirrhosis, which is a challenge for the early diagnosis of liver cancer. Our purpose is to investigate the efifcacy of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) in the early identiifcation and diagnosis of small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by regularly tracking and supervising the high risk population. Methods:A total of 320 high risk patients of HCC admitted in our hospital from February 2011 to November 2013 were enrolled in this prospective study. All patients underwent conventional ultrasound and hepatic CEUS. The differential diagnosis of malignant HCCs from benign ones was based on the enhancement patterns of hepatic lesions in different phases on CEUS. Results:Twenty patients were diagnosed as small HCC among 320 HCC high risk patients who were under regular surveillance using CEUS and all were pathologically conifrmed. Seven of the 20 HCC cases were smaller than 1.0 cm and 13 measured 1.1-2.0 cm. There were 6 (30.0%) HCCs presented as“early wash-in and slow wash-out”atypical pattern of HCC. The small size of the lesion and iso-echogenicity were the main factors of atypical pattern of HCC on CEUS.Conclusion:Ultrasonography and CEUS surveillance is a useful strategy for the early detection of small HCCs in high risk patients, which can help them to receive proper therapeutic management in time.
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Objective To study the supporting role of traditional Chinese medicine GanFuAn in the treatment of high-risk state of liver cancer by color Doppler ultrasound.Methods Based on a number of joint detection of tumor markers,85 patients of liver cancer were selected from patients with chronic hepatitis B.Among these 85patients,50 patients were selected in a treatment group and treated with Chinese herbal preparation GanFuAn,with ultrasound and tumor markers serving as joint monitoring; while the other 35 patients were selected in a control group and treated with conventional treatment.Results In the treatment group,the liver tumor markers or liver tumor continually diminished.5 cases showed tumor disappear.38 cases showed effective results,while 7 cases showed no effects.The total incidence rate of liver cancer was 14％;while in the control group,none case showed tumor disappear.20 cases showed effects and 15 cases showed none effects.The cumulative incidence rate of liver cancer induced by chronic hepatitis was 43％,with all the cases have been confirmed by pathology.Conclusion Color doppler ultrasound was an intuitive,non-invasive dynamic method to monitor liver tumor's growth and decline.
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Objective To analysis the clinical characteristics, treatment and prognosis for patients with cervical cancer with lymph lode of paraaortic and /or supraclavicular metastasis after combined treatment in two years. Methods Data of 20 patients with lymph lode of paraaortic and /or supraclavicular metastasis of cervical cancer were analyzed retrospectively. Results There was no evidence of lymph node of paraaortic and supraclavicular metastasis before the first combined treatments according to the MRI/CT/SPECT scans in these 20 patients. However, lymph lode of paraaortic and/or supraclavicular metastasis were seen in two years after treatments, the shortest is two months. One patient was progressing during treatment whose pathologic diagnosis is mucinous adenocarcinoma, died in 6 months from treatment start. There was only paraaortic metastasis in 15 patients, among these, 4 patients were found lymph lode of left supraclavical metastasis after retreatments in 3-6 months. Both paraaortic and left-supraclavical lymph node metastasis in 4 cases. Among these 20 cases, recurrence and to give up treatment, whose median survival time is 7.50 months, recurrence and to gain treatment, whose median survival time is 18.98 months, there was significant difference (x2=7.23, P<0.01). Conclusion Patients with cervical cancer with lymph lode of paraaortic and/or supraclavicular metastasis after combined treatment will obviously extend survival time after retretments, which has positive therapy significance.
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Object To establish the quality standard for Wuhu Powder. Methods Radix Angelicae Sinensis (RAS), Radix Angelicae Dahuricae (RAD), and Flos Carthami (FC) were determined qualitatively by TLC. The content of cimicifugoside and 5-O-methylvisammioside were determined by HPLC. Results The linear ranges of cimicifugoside and 5-O-methylvisammioside were 0.370 0—1.850 0 ?g and 0.191 0—0.955 0 ?g. The recoveries were 100.74% and 98.33%, RSD were 0.67% and 1.91% (n=5), respectively. Conclusion The method is simple, accurate, credibility, which can be used as the quality control standard of Wuhu Powder.
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Object To study the anthraquinone constituents in rhizoma and radix of Rheum sublanceolatum C Y Cheng et T C Kao Methods The constituents were isolated through column chromatography, and their structures elucidated through physicochemical and spectral analysis Results 6 anthraquinones were isolated and identified as chrysophanol (Ⅰ); physcion (Ⅱ); emodin (Ⅲ); emodin 8 O ? D glucopyranoside (Ⅳ); aloe emodin 8 O ? D glucopyranoside (Ⅴ) and citreorosein (Ⅵ) Conclusion All these compounds were isolated from R sublanceolatum for the first time
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Object To study the microwave assisted procedure for the extraction of baicalin from root of Scutellariae baicalensis Georgi Methods An MSP 100D domestically made microwave sample preparation system with a maximum power of 850 watts was used. The effects of solvents, pressure/temperature of solvents and microwave radiation time on the yield of baicalin were studied by orthogonal experimental design. Results The optimal experimental conditions were extraction at 70% of microwave power with 30 times of 35% ethanol at a constant heating pressure/temperature of 0.15 MPa for 30 s. Conclusion The microwave assisted extraction not only takes a shorter time with better parallel results, but also gave an increased yield of about 10% as compared with ultrasonic extraction.