A quantitative study on the outcome of patients with breast cancer after autologous breast reconstruction and implant breast reconstruction based on multi-scaleon / 复旦学报（医学版）

Objective To evaluate the patient-reported outcome(PRO)of patients with breast cancer who underwent autologous breast reconstruction and implant breast reconstruction.Methods Patients who underwent breast reconstruction in Shanghai Cancer Center,Fudan University from Jan 2020 to Jun 2021 were selected,including 111 patients who underwent autologous breast reconstruction and 108 patients who underwent implant breast reconstruction.Chinese version Breast-Q2.0 scale,breast cancer specificity scale QLQ-BR23 and EORTC quality of life scale QLQ-C30 were used to investigate the PRO of the two groups 18 months after operation.Results The rate of stage Ⅲ breast cancer in the self-weight construction group was higher than that in the implant reconstruction group(64.9%vs.44.4%,P<0.001).The preoperative neoadjuvant therapy and postoperative radiotherapy in the autologous reconstruction group were higher than those in the implant reconstruction group(P<0.001).Postoperative chemotherapy and endocrine therapy in the autologous reconstruction group were lower than those in the implant reconstruction group(P<0.001).The study based on Breast-Q scale showed that the breast satisfaction of autologous reconstruction group was higher than that of implant reconstruction(59.28±17.20 vs.54.94±14.48,P<0.05).The study based on QLQ-BR23 showed that the self-weight construction group was higher than the implant reconstruction group in the field of arm symptoms(20.02±20.80 vs.12.65±16.18,P<0.05).The study based on QLQ-C30 scale showed that there was no significant difference in all functional areas and symptom areas of patients.There was no significant difference in the number and time of social regression between the two groups.Conclusion Breast reconstruction can improve the PRO of breast cancer patients,and oncology factors will affect the choice of breast reconstruction.Patients with autologous breast reconstruction are more satisfied with breast appearance,but upper limb symptoms such as swelling and pain are more obvious than implant reconstruction,which is related to the higher proportion of axillary lymph node dissection in patients with autologous reconstruction.There is no significant difference in quality of life and social regression between the two groups.

The impact of extended waiting time on tumor regression after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer / 中华外科杂志

Objective: To investigate the influence of extending the waiting time on tumor regression after neoadjuvant chemoradiology (nCRT) in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). Methods: Clinicopathological data from 728 LARC patients who completed nCRT treatment at the First Affiliated Hospital, Naval Medical University from January 2012 to December 2021 were collected for retrospective analysis. The primary research endpoint was the sustained complete response (SCR). There were 498 males and 230 females, with an age (M(IQR)) of 58 (15) years (range: 22 to 89 years). Logistic regression models were used to explore whether waiting time was an independent factor affecting SCR. Curve fitting was used to represent the relationship between the cumulative occurrence rate of SCR and the waiting time. The patients were divided into a conventional waiting time group (4 to <12 weeks, n=581) and an extended waiting time group (12 to<20 weeks, n=147). Comparisons regarding tumor regression, organ preservation, and surgical conditions between the two groups were made using the t test, Wilcoxon rank sum test, or χ2 test as appropriate. The Log-rank test was used to elucidate the survival discrepancies between the two groups. Results: The SCR rate of all patients was 21.6% (157/728). The waiting time was an independent influencing factor for SCR, with each additional day corresponding to an OR value of 1.010 (95%CI: 1.001 to 1.020, P=0.031). The cumulative rate of SCR occurrence gradually increased with the extension of waiting time, with the fastest increase between the 9th to <10th week. The SCR rate in the extended waiting time group was higher (27.9%(41/147) vs. 20.0%(116/581), χ2=3.901, P=0.048), and the organ preservation rate during the follow-up period was higher (21.1%(31/147) vs. 10.7%(62/581), χ2=10.510, P=0.001). The 3-year local recurrence/regrowth-free survival rates were 94.0% and 91.1%, the 3-year disease-free survival rates were 76.6% and 75.4%, and the 3-year overall survival rates were 95.6% and 92.2% for the conventional and extended waiting time groups, respectively, with no statistical differences in local recurrence/regrowth-free survival, disease-free survival and overall survival between the two groups (χ2=1.878, P=0.171; χ2=0.078, P=0.780; χ2=1.265, P=0.261). Conclusions: An extended waiting time is conducive to tumor regression, and extending the waiting time to 12 to <20 weeks after nCRT can improve the SCR rate and organ preservation rate, without increasing the difficulty of surgery or altering the oncological outcomes of patients.

Network Meta-analysis of single Hirudo prescriptions in treatment of ischemic cerebrovascular disease / 中国中药杂志

This study intended to evaluate the efficacy and safety of single Hirudo prescriptions in the treatment of ischemic cerebrovascular disease(ICVD) by frequency network Meta-analysis and traditional Meta-analysis. CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, SinoMed, PubMed, EMbase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched to collect the randomized controlled trial(RCT) of single Hirudo prescriptions for ICVD from the inception of the databases to May 2022. The quality of the included literature was evaluated by Cochrane risk of bias tool. Finally, 54 RCTs and 3 single Hirudo prescriptions were included. Statistical analysis was conducted by RevMan 5.3 and Stata SE 15. Network Meta-analysis showed that in terms of the clinical effective rate, the surface under the cumulative ranking curve(SUCRA) of intervention measures was as follows: Huoxue Tongmai Capsules+conventional treatment>Maixuekang Capsules+conventional treatment>Naoxuekang Capsules+conventional treatment>conventional treatment. Traditional Meta-analysis revealed that in terms of the safety of ICVD treatment, Maixuekang Capsules+conventional treatment had higher safety than conventional treatment alone. According to the network Meta-analysis and traditional Meta-analysis, it was found that conventional treatment combined with single Hirudo prescriptions improved the clinical efficacy of ICVD patients, and compared with that of conventional treatment alone, the incidence of adverse reactions of combined treatment was low and the safety was high. However, the methodological quality of the articles included in this study was generally low and there were large differences in the number of articles on the three combined medication. Therefore, the conclusion of this study needed to be confirmed by subsequent RCT.

Current status and research progress of occupational health monitoring in welding fume operations / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Welding operations are widely present in the manufacturing production process, involving a large number of occupational groups, and are the key occupations where work injuries and occupational diseases occur in China. For different welding processes and welding materials, the content and focus of occupational health monitoring are different. At present, the item of occupational health examination in welding operation is in poor consistency with the on-site exposure of occupational hazard factors, and it is mainly concentrated in the stage of disease development, which can not reflect the early health damage caused by welding dust exposure in time. The emergence of biomarkers of welding dust can make up for this defect. Therefore, it is of great significance to describe the current situation of occupational health monitoring of welding dust and summarize the research progress of related biomarkers for the early prevention of diseases caused by welding dust and the practice of occupational health monitoring.

Analysis on prevalence and epidemic risk of animal plague in different ecological plague foci in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region / 中华预防医学杂志

The risk of plague epidemics and relapse of various types of plague foci persists in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. For Marmota sibirica plague foci, the animal plague has not been found but antibody has been detected positive. Nowadays, Marmota sibirica has been increasing in population and distribution in China. In bordering countries Mongolia and Russia, the animal plague has been continuously prevalent. For Spermophilus dauricus plague foci, the animal plague has been taken place now and then. Compared to the above foci, the animal plague is most prevalent in Meriones unguiculatus plague foci and frequently spread to humans. Due to higher strain virulence and historical disaster in Marmota sibirica plague foci and Spermophilus dauricus plague foci, plague prevention and control should be strengthened on these foci. In addition to routine surveillance, epidemic dynamics need to be further monitored in these two foci, in order to prevent their relapse and spread to humans.

Reconstruction of teaching mode of Human Parasitology among rural order-oriented medical students in the context of curriculum ideology and politics / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

To set the cultivation goal with adaptation to rural order-oriented medical students, the teaching mode of Human Parasitology was reformed in the context of curriculum ideological and political education. The new teaching mode not only enables students to harvest medical knowledge during the school education stage, but also plays a guiding role in cultivation of humanistic qualities and professional spirit, which provides a basis for cultivating general practitioners serving for grassroots healthcare.

Contributions of flavonoids from citri reticulatae pericarpium to gastric hormones, CD3~+ and TFF3 mRNA expression in rats with spleen deficiency intervened by Liujunzi Decoction / 中国中药杂志

The present study established the spectrum-effect relationship model of flavonoids in Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium(CRP) from 15 batches of Liujunzi Decoction and statistically analyzed the correlation between chemical peaks and efficacy to identify the main effective components. HPLC fingerprints of flavonoids in CRP from 15 batches of Liujunzi Decoction were established. HPLC analysis was carried out on the Venusil XBP C_(18)(L) column(4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm) at 30 ℃ with acetonitrile-water(containing 0.1% formic acid) as mobile phase for gradient elution, a flow rate of 1.0 mL·min~(-1), and detection wavelength of 300 nm to obtain chemical fingerprints. Additionally, the effects of flavonoids from CRP in 15 batches of Liujunzi Decoction on the content of GAS, MTL, and VIP, TFF3 mRNA expression, and percentage of CD3~+ T-cells of model rats with spleen deficiency were determined. The spectrum-effect relationship model was established by gray correlation analysis. The results showed that the main characteristic peaks with great contribution to the regulation of gastrointestinal tract were peak 16(vicenin-2), peak 63(sinensetin), peak 64(isosinensetin), peak 65(nobiletin), peak 67(3,5,6,7,8,3',4'-heptemthoxyflavone), peak 68(tangeretin), and peak 69(5-desmethylnobiletin). Therefore, there was a linear correlation between flavonoids from CRP in Liujunzi Decoction and the efficacy, and the medicinal effect was achieved by multi-component action. This study is expected to provide a new idea for exploring the material basis of the effect, i.e., regulating qi prior to replenishing qi, of CRP in Liujunzi Decoction.

Changing trend of incidence and mortality of stomach cancer during 2010-2016 in Henan Province, China / 中华肿瘤杂志

Objective: To estimate stomach cancer incidence and mortality in Henan, 2016 and analyze the trend of stomach cancer incidence and mortality from 2010 to 2016. Methods: Stomach cancer related data in 2016 was extracted from Henan cancer registration and follow-up system. All data were qualified in validity, reliability and completeness according to the Guideline on Cancer Registration in China and International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/IACR). The incidence and mortality of stomach cancer were estimated by areas, gender and age based on the quality data and the registered population data of Henan province in 2016. The epidemic trend of stomach cancer was also been evaluated based on the age-standardized incidence and mortality by Chinese population (ASR China) from 2010 to 2016. Results: In 2016, the estimated incident cases of stomach cancer were 44 311. The incidence was 41.07/100 000, ASR China was 30.17/100 000, ASR by world population (ASR world) was 30.36/100 000, and the cumulative incidence rate was 3.84%. The incidences of male and female were 55.65/100 000 and 25.35/100 000, respectively. Meanwhile, 32 927 people died of stomach cancer in Henan. The mortality was 30.52/100 000, ASR China was 21.45/100 000, ASR world was 21.54/100 000, and the cumulative mortality was 2.53%. From 2010 to 2016, both the ASR China for incidence and mortality of stomach cancer in Henan showed a steady downward trend. In rural, the ASR China for incidence and mortality decreased rapidly, while the stable trend was observed in urban. Nevertheless, the incidence and mortality of stomach cancer in rural were still higher than those in urban. Conclusions: The incidence and mortality of stomach cancer in Henan province showed steadily declining trend from 2010 to 2016, and the geographical distribution difference between rural and urban areas was gradually narrowing. However, the disease burden was still high in 2016.

Laparoscopic circular stapled gastrointestinal anastomosis using novel device of sealed cap access after total laparoscopic gastrectomy / 中华胃肠外科杂志

Intracorporeal classic gastrointestinal anastomosis using circular stapler in totally laparoscopic gastrectomy (TLG) for gastric cancer requires intracorporeal anvil placement and suitable access for introduction of the circular stapler to the abdominal cavity without gas leak. The novel techniques for anvil placement have been updated, but there is no progress for proper access for circular stapler. In the study, intracorporeal circular-stapled gastrointestinal anastomosis were successfully accomplished using a novel device of sealed cap access with a central hole (WLB-60/70-60/100, Wuhan Widerep Medical Instrument Co.,Ltd, China) customized to the incision protection retractor for the simple and accessible introduction of the circular stapler and anvil under the optimal maintenance of pneumoperitoneum pressure in TLG. In these 3 cases, there was no gas leakage and the pneumoperitoneum was well maintained when performing the gastrointestinal anastomosis, and there was no transition to laparotomy or other anastomosis techniques. The result suggests that the sealed cap access could be a novel choice for introduction of the circular stapler to the abdominal cavity in order to obtain laparoscopic circular-stapled gastroin-testinal anastomosis in TLG.

Analysis on the influencing factors of low back pain in the occupational workers of key industries in China / 中国职业医学

OBJECTIVE: To explore the influencing factors of low back pain and the relationship of the influence of bad working posture, weight load and frequency of load and the dose-response relationship among the occupational workers of key industries in China. METHODS: A total of 57 501 employees from 15 key industries in China were selected as research subjects using stratified cluster sampling method. The occurrence of low back pain in the past one year, as well as occupational factors such as job type, labor organization and work posture were investigated by using the Chinese version Musculoskeletal Disorders Questionnaire. RESULTS: The prevalence of low back pain in the occupational population of key industries in China was 16.4%(9 448/57 501). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of low back pain in females was higher than that in males(P<0.01). Married, obese, occasional and frequent smokers, and a history of lower back disease were associated with increased risk of low back pain(all P<0.05). The risk of low back pain was associated with older age, higher education level, and lower frequency of physical exercise(all P<0.01). The risk of low back pain was higher with longer working time, greater back curvature, and the high frequency of long standing and sitting position work, uncomfortable working posture, repeated operation per minute, and lifting>5 kg weight(all P<0.01). CONCLUSION: The influencing factors of low back pain in the occupational population of key industries in China include bad working posture, high frequency load, weight load and other individual factors. There is a dose-response relationship with low back posture load and frequency of load.

Simultaneous and Rapid Detection of Concentrated Liquid of Compound Dahuang Decoction Based on Near Infrared Spectroscopy / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective::Near infrared spectroscopy was used to detect the concentration density (25 ℃), solid-containing content, rhein content and glycyrrhizic acid content of compound Dahuang decoction. Method::The concentrated liquid of compound Dahuang decoction was determined by near infrared optical fiber transmission spectrometry. The contents of rhein and glycyrrhizic acid were determined by HPLC. Fifty-one samples were used for internal cross-validation, and partial least square regression was used to establish correction models between near-infrared spectrum and density, solid-containing content, rhein content and glycyrrhizic acid content, respectively. Ten unknown concentrated liquid samples were collected for external validation and prediction. Result::The external validation complex correlation coefficients between near-infrared spectra and density, solid-containing content, rhein content and glycyrrhizic acid content of the concentrated liquid of compound Dahuang decoction were 0.995 9, 0.999 6, 0.997 0 and 0.992 2, and the root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) values were 2.50×10-3, 0.17, 7.57 and 67.10, respectively. Conclusion::The near infrared spectroscopy is suitable for the determination of evaluation indexes of the concentrated liquid index of compound Dahuang decoction, and has the characteristics of rapid, simple, stable and reliable.

Historical Evolution of "Formula" and "Preparation" of Zixue as One of Three Classic Antipyretic Preparations / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Zixue was first recorded in detail in Qianjin Yifang, and practitioners of later generations renamed it as Zixuesan and Zixuedan, which is the representative prescription of antipyretic preparations and has high clinical application and research value. At present, there have been many studies on the pharmacological effect and clinical application of Zixue, but the medical books of the past dynasties have slightly different records on Zixue, which has brought some difficulties to the reasonable clinical application and research of this prescription. In addition to the introduction of Zixuesan, which is different from the ancient recipe, the researchers have questions about which development method can reasonably inherit and develop the classical preparation. The authors intend to summarize the historical evolution of "formula" and "preparation" of Zixue, in order to clarify its historical context, which can provide a reference for the modern research and development of this formula, and provide a new ideas for the in-depth exploration of other classic preparations.

Effect of pranlukast on neonatal rats with periventricular leukomalacia / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the effect of pranlukast (Pran) on neonatal rats with periventricular leukomalacia (PVL).@*METHODS@#The rats, aged 3 days, were randomly divided into a sham-operation group, a PVL group, and a Pran group. A rat model of PVL was prepared by right common carotid artery ligation and postoperative hypoxia. The rats in the sham-operation group were given isolation of the right common carotid artery without ligation or hypoxic treatment. The rats in the Pran group were given intraperitoneal injection of Pran (0.1 mg/kg) once every 12 hours, for 3 consecutive days, and those in the sham-operation group and the PVL group were given intraperitoneal injection of an equal volume of normal saline. On day 14 after modeling, hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to observe the pathological changes of brain tissue; immunofluorescent staining was used to measure the expression of myelin basic protein (MBP) in brain tissue (n=8); Western blot was used to measure the expression of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (CNPase), MBP, and G protein-coupled receptor 17 (GPR17) (n=8). On day 21 after modeling, Morris water maze test was used to evaluate the learning and memory abilities of rats in each group (n=8).@*RESULTS@#The results of HE staining showed that the PVL group had greater pathological changes of white matter than the sham-operation group, and compared with the PVL group, the Pran group had a significant improvement in such pathological changes. The results of immunofluorescence assay showed that the PVL group had a lower mean fluorescence intensity of MBP than the sham-operation group (P<0.05), and the Pran group had a higher mean fluorescence intensity of MBP than the PVL group (P<0.05). Western blot showed that compared with the sham-operation group, the PVL group had significantly lower relative expression of MBP and CNPase (P<0.05) and significantly higher relative expression of GPR17 (P<0.05), and compared with the PVL group, the Pran group had significantly higher relative expression of MBP and CNPase (P<0.05) and significantly lower relative expression of GPR17 (P<0.05). Morris water maze test showed that compared with the sham-operation group, the PVL group had a significant increase in escape latency and a significant reduction in the number of platform crossings, and compared with the PVL group, the Pran group had a significant reduction in escape latency and a significant increase in the number of platform crossings (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Pran can alleviate brain damage, promote myelination, and improve long-term learning and memory abilities in neonatal rats with PVL, possibly by reducing the expression of GPR17.

Monitoring metrics for short-term exposure to ambient ozone and pulmonary function and airway inflammation in healthy young adults / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To assess the associations of different monitoring metrics for short-term exposure to ambient ozone (O3) with pulmonary function and airway inflammation in healthy young adults.@*METHODS@#A total of 97 healthy young college students were recruited and followed in a panel study conducted from December 2017 to June 2018. Each participant underwent 3 follow-up visits, and lung function and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) were measured at each visit. Ambient air pollutant concentrations were obtained from the environment monitoring station of Beijing closest to the participant residences, and meteorological data were collected from China Meteorological Data Service Center. Linear mixed-effect models were applied to assess the associations between different monitoring metrics for ambient O3 short-term exposure with pulmonary function or airway inflammation in the healthy young adults.@*RESULTS@#During the study period, the P50 (P25, P75) values for ambient O3 concentration expressed as daily 1-hour maximum (O3-1 h max), daily maximum 8-hour average (O3-8 h max) and 24-hour average (O3-24 h avg) were 102.5 (76.8, 163.0) μg/m3, 91.1 (68.3, 154.3) μg/m3 and 61.6 (36.9, 81.7) μg/m3, respectively. The different monitoring metrics for short-term exposure to ambient O3 were significantly associated with reduced forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) and increased FeNO. An interquartile range (IQR) increase in 6-d moving average of O3-1 h max (IQR=71.5 μg/m3) was associated with a 6.2% (95%CI: －11.8%, －0.5%) decrease in FEV1 and a 63.3% (95%CI: 13.8%, 134.3%) increase in FeNO. An IQR increase in 7-d moving average of O3-8 h max (IQR=62.0 μg/m3) was associated with a 6.2% (95%CI: －11.6%, －0.7%) decrease in FEV1and a 75.5% (95%CI: 19.3%, 158.0%) increase in FeNO. An IQR increase in 5-d moving average of O3-24 h avg (IQR=32.9 μg/m3) was associated with a 3.7% (95%CI: －7.1%, －0.2%) decrease in FEV1and a 25.3% (95%CI: 3.6%, 51.6%) increase in FeNO. There was no significant association between the three monitoring metrics for O3 exposure and peak expiratory flow (PEF).@*CONCLUSION@#Short-term exposure to ambient O3 was associated with decreased lung function and increased airway inflammation among the healthy young adults, and daily 1-hour maximum was more sensitively to the respiratory effects of O3.

Oxidative stress induces damage to epididymal epithelial tight junction protein ZO-1 and impairs epididymal function in varicocele rats / 中华男科学杂志

Objective@#To investigate oxidative stress-mediated damage to the epididymal epithelial tight junction protein ZO-1 and its impact on epididymal function in varicocele rats.@*METHODS@#We randomly divided 45 male adolescent SD rats into three groups of equal number: sham operation (left renal vein exposed and isolated), experimental (left renal vein constricted and collaterals of the left spermatic vein fully ligated), and treatment (60-day intragastric administration of vitamin E at 150 mg/kg/d after modeling). At 60 days after modeling, we observed the histological changes in the left epididymis, detected the expressions of ZO-1 and other tight junction-related proteins by real-time quantitative PCR, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence staining and Western blotting, determined sperm motility, and measured the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), methylene dioxyamphetamine (MDA) and α-glucosidase (α-Glu) in the epididymal tissue of the rats.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the rats of the sham operation group, those of the experimental group showed disorganized epithelial structure and decreased number of epithelial cells in the left epididymis, with some epithelial cells desquamated into the lumen. The expression of ZO-1 was significantly lower in the experimental than in the sham operation group (P < 0.05) but markedly upregulated after VE treatment (P < 0.05). In comparison with the sham operation group, the animals in the experimental group exhibited remarkably increased content of MDA in the epididymal tissue (［0.41 ± 0.05］ vs ［1.21 ± 0.18］ nmol/mg prot, P < 0.05) but decreased levels of SOD (［814.65 ± 73.64］ vs ［298.62 ± 67.84］ U/mg prot, P < 0.05), T-AOC (［0.84 ± 0.07］ vs ［0.24 ± 0.04］ nmol/mg prot, P < 0.05) and α-Glu (［11.72 ± 2.72］ vs ［5.82 ± 1.24］ U/mg prot, P < 0.05). VE treatment, however, remarkably reduced the content of MDA (［0.69 ± 0.12］ nmol/mg prot) and elevated the levels of SOD (［497.73 ± 48.03］ U/mg prot), T-AOC (［0.42 ± 0.06］ nmol/mg prot) and α-Glu (［9.11 ± 1.91］ U/mg prot) as compared with those in the experimental group (all P < 0.05). The percentage of progressively motile sperm was significantly lower in the experimental than in the sham operation group (［31.33 ± 6.32］% vs ［71.21 ± 5.21］%, P < 0.05), but markedly increased after VE treatment (［60.68 ± 5.31］%, P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Varicocele reduces the expression of the EETJ protein ZO-1 and impairs epididymal function via oxidative stress, while vitamin E can effectively upregulate the ZO-1 expression and improve epididymal function by decreasing oxidative stress in the epididymis of varicocele rats.

Investigation of Decoction Process of Digda-4 Decoction / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To optimize the decoction process of Digda-4 decoction(DGD-4D), and provide reference for the standardization study of decoction of Mongolian medicine decoction. Method:Taking DGD-4D as model drug, different decoction methods of Mongolian medicine were compared, HPLC was used to determine contents of aesculetin, geniposide, picroside Ⅰ and picroside Ⅱ.On the basis of single factor tests, central composite design-response surface methodology was adopted to optimize the decoction process of DGD-4D with transfer rates of 4 components and dry extract rate as indexes, regression model fitting was carried out by Design-Expert 8.0.6 software, prediction model of process parameters was established, and the optimal process was verified. Result:The optimal decoction condition of DGD-4D was determined to be adding 40 times the amount of water and decocting for 17 min, decocting once.Transfer rates of aesculetin, geniposide, picroside Ⅰ, picroside Ⅱ and dry extract rate were 70.01%, 94.11%, 61.23%, 92.32%, 32.89%, respectively. Conclusion:The optimum decoction process of DGD-4D is established, it has important reference significance for excavating, sorting, improving the level of Mongolian medicine preparations and ensuring the consistency of their clinical efficacy.

Effect of Yijing Buyang Huanwu Decoction on intraocular pressure and prognosis of open angle glaucoma / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM:To study the effect of Yijing Buyang Huanwu Decoction on intraocular pressure control and prognosis in patients with open angle glaucoma. <p>METHODS: Totally 93 patients(186 eyes)with open angle glaucoma admitted to our hospital from July 2015 to July 2017 were selected. All patients were divided into two groups according to the random number table method. In the observation group, 47 cases(94 eyes)were treated with timolol eye drop combined with Yijing Buyang Huanwu Decoction, and in the control group, 46 cases(92 eyes)were treated with timolol eye drop only. The clinical effect, visual acuity, intraocular pressure, central retinal artery blood flow, mean defect area, visual field average photosensitivity and image evoked visual potential were observed and compared before and after treatment. <p>RESULTS: The total effective rate of the observation group after treatment was significantly higher than that of the control group(85.1% <i>vs</i> 63.0%, <i>P</i><0.01). After treatment, the intraocular pressure in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group(<i>P</i><0.01). After treatment, RI values of central retinal artery blood flow in observation group were significantly lower than those in control group(<i>P</i><0.01). PSA and EDV values were significantly higher than those in control group(<i>P</i>=0.011,<0.01). After treatment, the average photosensitivity of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group(<i>P</i>=0.001), and the average defect area was significantly less than that of the control group(<i>P</i>=0.011). <p>CONCLUSION: Yijing Buyang Huanwu Decoction is effective in the treatment of open angle glaucoma. It can effectively control the level of intraocular pressure, enlarge the visual field, promote blood circulation and improve the prognosis.

Research on extraction process of Digeda-4 flavored decoction based on QbD concept / 中国中药杂志

To establish and validate the design space of the Digeda-4 flavored decoction( DGD-4D) extraction process by using the quality by design( Qb D) concept. With DGD-4D decoction pieces as a model drug,with the transfer rate of aesculin,picroside I,picroside Ⅱ,geniposide and the yield of extract as critical quality attributes( CQAs),the single factor experiment design was used to determine the level of each factor; the Plackett-Burman experiment design was used to select the critical process parameters( CPPs);and the Box-Behnken experiment design was used to optimize the extraction process. The design space of the DGD-4D extraction process was established,and finally,four experimental points were selected to verify the established model. The single factor experiment determined the levels of each factor,including soaking time 60 min and 30 min,water adding volume 12 times and 8 times,extraction time 90 min and 30 min,number of extraction times 3 times and 1 time,as well as extraction temperature 100 ℃ and 90 ℃.By Plackett-Burman experimental design,the DGD-4D water addition,extraction time and number of extraction times were determined to be CPPs. The Box-Behnken experimental variance analysis showed that P of the regression model was less than 0. 01 and the misstated value was more than 0. 01,indicating that the model had good predictive ability,and the operation space of CPPs in the DGD-4D extraction process was determined as follows: the amount of water addition was 10-12 times; extraction time 50-80 min; and number of extraction times was 3 times. The design space of DGD-4D extraction process based on the concept of Qb D is conducive to improving the stability of product quality and laying a foundation for the future development of DGD-4D.

Effects of high-efficiency particulate air purifiers on indoor fine particulate matter and its constituents in a district of Beijing during winter / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the effect of domestic high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) purifiers on the concentrations of indoor fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and its elementary constituents in 20 residences in a district of Beijing during winter.@*METHODS@#From November 2015 to January 2016, 20 residences in a district of Beijing were selected, where indoor and outdoor PM2.5 data were collected simultaneously in three time periods according to the operating of air purifiers (Group 0 h: 24 hours before operating; Group 24 h: 24 hours after operating; Group 48 h: 24 to 48 hours after operating). The content of 21 elements in PM2.5 samples were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Indoor/outdoor particle concentration ratio (I/O ratios) and ΔI/O ratios were used to describe the pollution levels and the variation range of PM2.5 and its 21 elementary constituents. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for repeated measurement data was applied to compare the I/O ratios of PM2.5 and its elementary constituents among the different groups, and Bonferroni method was used for comparison in pairs. Wilcoxon signed rank test for paired-samples was used to compare ΔI/O ratios of 21 elementary constituents with that of PM2.5.@*RESULTS@#The median I/O ratios of PM2.5 in the three groups were 1.27 (P25-P75: 0.50-2.68), 0.45 (P25-P75: 0.27-1.03) and 0.36 (P25-P75: 0.28-2.48), respectively. Compared with Group 0 h, the I/O ratios of PM2.5 in Group 24 h (P=0.042) and Group 48 h (P=0.006) decreased significantly. However, there was no significant difference between Group 24 h and Group 48 h. Significant differences were found comparing ΔI/O ratios of aluminium, ferrum and titanium to that of PM2.5, in both Group 24 h and Group 48 h (P<0.05). No significant change was found in the I/O ratios of these three elements among the three groups before and after air purifier operating (P>0.05). Distances from residences to traffic arteries could affect I/O ratios of some elements from traffic-related source (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Domestic HEPA air purifiers could effectively reduce indoor PM2.5 concentration, and the pollution level of PM2.5 tend to be stable after the purifier operating for a time. The purifiers had different effects on different elements, among which most showed statistical significances.

Investigation of Transfer Examination Personnel of Rehabilitation Therapists in Beijing in 2017 / 中国康复理论与实践

@#Objective To understand the current status and capabilities of rehabilitation therapists in Beijing. Methods The data of the district or county, sex, age, education background, professional title and practice category of the first rehabilitation therapist transfer examination in Beijing in 2017 were analyzed. Results Personnels were from 16 districts and counties in Beijing, including 5747 candidates, 2405 reference staff, and 462 qualified persons. The top five districts were Chaoyang, Daxing, Changping, Fangshan and Dongcheng. The overall gender ratio (male∶female) was 1∶2.02, with an average age of (35.52±7.54) years old, academic quali-fications were mainly undergraduate (55.84% ), and practice categories were mainly physician series (51.95% ) and nursing series (40.26%). Gender, age, education background, profession title and practice category had im-pacts on the passing rate of the exam. Conclusion Transfer system is currently feasible to implement effective measures to supplement human resources for re-habilitation therapists.