الملخص
Objective: To determine the prevalence of bruxism, associating it with mouth breathing in preschool children in Florianopolis, Brazil. Material and Methods: Clinical examination and questions to parents/guardians of 429 children aged 2-5 were conducted. The clinical examination was performed by three calibrated examiners to register the presence of tooth wear on incisors and molars. The questions were related to sleep bruxism (teeth grinding) and mouth breathing. For determinate diagnosis, were "possible" bruxism by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine and "probable" bruxism, whereas the Item Response Theory was employed for mouth breathing. To determine the associations, a Chi-square test and Fisher exact test with a standard error of 5% and 95% interval confidence were applied. Results: The clinical examination revealed bruxism in 8.2%, whereas the parental report revealed bruxism in 17.2%. When clinical examination was associated with the parent's report, bruxism was present in 2.1%. Among the non-clinical variables, the most prevalent changes included: child presenting a regular stuffy nose (19.6%), followed by child is always open-mouthed (16.1%). A significant statistical association between bruxism and age was obtained (p<0.05), the age group with prevalence of 4 and 5 years old with 68.9%. There was no mouth breathing association with the presence of bruxism (p>0.05). Conclusion: Bruxism was prevalent for children aged 4-5 and bruxism had no association with mouth breathing.
الموضوعات
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Bruxism/epidemiology , Child , Sleep Bruxism/diagnosis , Dental Occlusion , Mouth Breathing/diagnosis , Brazil , Chi-Square Distribution , Child, Preschool , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnairesالملخص
RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar o impacto do trauma dental (TD) e do comprometimento estético na qualidade de vida (QV) de pré-escolares e familiares. Métodos: Este estudo foi realizado com crianças de 2 a 5 anos em 11 pré-escolas de Florianópolis (SC), Brasil. Os pais/responsáveis preencheram a versão brasileira do questionário sobre QV Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scales (B-ECOHIS), um questionário socioeconômico e perguntas específicas sobre TD. As crianças foram examinadas por três examinadores calibrados (kappa>0,7). O TD foi avaliado de acordo com os índices adotados pela Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS), e o comprometimento estético também foi classificado. Os dados foram analisados descritivamente e submetidos à análise bivariada por qui-quadrado e teste de Fisher, sendo significante p<0,05. Resultados: Dos pré-escolares examinados, 62,5% foram diagnosticados com trauma e 15,6% com comprometimento estético, e somente 12% dos pais relatou que seus filhos apresentam impacto na QV. O TD não se associou a sexo, idade ou QV. A alteração de cor da coroa por TD relacionou-se ao comprometimento estético, e apenas este causou impacto negativo na QV (p<0,05) e se associou ao domínio limitações orais (p<0,05). Conclusões: O comprometimento estético causou impacto negativo na QV das crianças, e o trauma dental não se associou com a QV das crianças nem de suas famílias.
ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the impact of dental trauma and impaired esthetics on the quality of life (QoL) of preschool children and their relatives. Methods: Study conducted with 192 children aged 2 to 5 years in 11 preschools in Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, South of Brazil. Parents/caregivers completed a questionnaire on quality of life (Brazilian version of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scales - B-ECOHIS), a socioeconomic survey, and then answered specific questions related to dental trauma. The subjects were examined by three accordant examiners (Kappa>0.7). Dental trauma was evaluated on the basis of indexes adopted by the World Health Organization, and esthetic impairment was then classified. Data were descriptively analyzed and put to bivariate analysis by chi-square and Fisher tests, with significance level at 5%. Results: The prevalence of dental trauma was 62.5% with 15.6% of esthetic impairment. Almost 12% of parents reported impact on the quality of life of their children. Dental trauma was not significantly associated with gender, age or QoL. Crown color change by trauma was associated with esthetic impairment. Also esthetic impairment had a negative impact on QoL (p<0.05) and was associated with oral limitations (p<0.05). Conclusions: Esthetic impairment had a negative impact on children's quality of life, while dental trauma was not associated to it.