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@#To investigate the executive function impairment in CBS patients and its relationship with the microstructural integrity of white matter fiber tracts. MethodsEleven CBS patients and 17 cognitively normal subjects who visited our hospital from November 2018 to November 2019 were evaluated for executive function，including forward digit span，reverse digit span，correct line of TMT-A line，and correct line of TMT-B line. Diffusion tensor imaging（DTI）scans were performed in the CBS control group to compare the fractional anisotropy（FA）value，mean diffusivity（MD）value，axial diffusivity（AD）and radial diffusivity（RD）values of the fiber bundles with changed microstructure with executive function scores. ResultsExcept for CBS digit span forward score（P=0.446），reverse digit span（P<0.001），correct line of TMT-A line（P<0.001）and correct line of TMT-B line（P<0.001），the differences were statistically significant. Compared with the HC group，the FA values of the left corticospinal tract，anterior thalamic radiation，cingulate fasciculus，superior longitudinal fasciculus，inferior longitudinal fasciculus，and corpus callosum were reduced in the CBS group compared with the HC group，and the difference was not statistically significant（P>0.05）. The MD values，AD values，and RD values of the left corticospinal tract，anterior thalamic radiation，cingulate tract，superior longitudinal tract，inferior longitudinal tract，and corpus callosum were increased in the CBS group（lesion side）and the HC group compared with the HC group，and the differences were statistically significant（P<0.05）. The reverse digit span was negatively correlated with the RD value of the superior longitudinal fasciculus of the lesion（r=-0.741，P=0.036），and the reverse digit span was negatively correlated with the RD value of the superior longitudinal fasciculus of the lesion. ConclusionPatients with CBS have executive dysfunction and changes in the integrity of white matter fiber tracts；executive dysfunction in patients with CBS is related to changes in the integrity of white matter fiber tracts in addition to frontotemporal atrophy；abnormal structural connectivity of white matter fibers may be one of the causes of executive dysfunction in patients with CBS.
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@#To investigate the expression of vitamin D receptor （VDR） in different central nervous system regions and neurological function scores of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis （EAE） mice and healthy control mice. Methods EAE mice were divided into 0 score group，high score group and low score group according to Weaver’s 15 score neurological function score. The myelin sheath structure of each group was observed by transmission electron microscope. And Western Blot was used to detect the expression of VDR protein in cortex，white matter，cerebellum，brain stem and spinal cord of EAE high score group mice and healthy control group mice. According to the results，the expression of VDR protein in spinal cord was further compared between healthy control group and EAE groups. Results The myelin sheath structure of 0 score group，high score group and low score group mice was observed under transmission electron microscope. Compared with the healthy control group，the myelin sheath ring structure of 0 group and low group existed，and the myelin sheath ring structure of high score group disappeared. In cortex，white matter，cerebellum，brainstem and spinal cord，the expression of VDR protein in EAE group was lower than that in healthy control group （P cortex=0.893；P white matter=0.767；Pcerebellum=0.225）. The expression of VDR protein in brainstem and spinal cord was significantly lower than that in healthy control group （P=0.046；P=0.009）. In spinal cord，the expression of VDR protein in 0 score group，high score group and low score group was lower than that in healthy control group （P=0.005，P=0.009，P<0.0001）；high score group was lower than 0 score group （P=0.716），low score group was further lower than 0 score group （P= 0.003），while low score group and high score group also showed a downward trend （P=0.013）. Conclusions The expression of VDR protein in different central nervous system regions of EAE mice was different，and the expression of VDR protein was different in different nerve function score groups.
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Objective:To investigate multimodality imaging characteristics and clinical features of lymphomatosis cerebri (LC) and reasons for misdiagnosis,with the goal of potentially facilitating an early and accurate diagnosis for this often-missed disease.Methods:Clinical data and cerebral multimodality imaging findings from 11 patients with LC proven basing on pathology in the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University from November 30, 2011 to December 28, 2020 were retrospectively extracted, analyzed, and reviewed in combination with the literatures.Results:The common presenting symptoms with subacute onset included cognitive decline (8/11), gait disturbance (9/11), and behavioral disturbance (5/11). Test of cerebrospinal fluid showed that the number of cells and the level of protein increased (8/10), the sugar content (2/10) and chloride (4/10) decreased. The imaging manifestations of 11 patients with LC were diffuse lesions of bilateral cerebral white matter in the both deep and lobar lesion distribution, involving the cerebral cortex and subcortical white matter in eight cases (8/11), basal ganglia in seven cases (7/11), thalamus in five cases (5/11), cerebellum in six cases and brain stem in six cases (6/11). All 11 patients showed equal or slightly low-density shadows on CT plain scan and slightly longer T 1WI and T 2WI signals on magnetic resonance imaging. Six cases (6/11) had no obvious enhancement in the early stage, and five cases and six follow-up cases showed heterogenous spots, patches, nodules or clusters of distinct enhancement. Diffusion-weighted imaging showed non restricted diffusion in nine (9/11) cases initially diagnosed, and restricted diffusion in two cases (2/11) and nine follow-up cases, which were hyperintense on diffusion-weighted imaging and hypointense on apparent diffusion coefficient maps. Five patients (5/5) presented a marked decrease in N-acetyl aspartic acid (NAA)/creatine (Cr) and increase in choline (Cho)/Cr on hydrogen proton magnetic resonance spectrum, including an increase in lipid/Cr in three cases. One case (1/3) showed no abnormal increase in lesion metabolism, and two cases (2/3) showed slightly increased uptake on positron emission tomography/CT. Conclusions:Diffuse bilateral cerebral lesions especially in deep and lobar region, without enhancement or with patchy enhancement, marked decrease in NAA/Cr and increase in Cho/Cr and Lip/Cr are suggestive of LC. Misdiagnosis may be mainly due to insufficient understanding and improper brain biopsy.
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Objective To establish an experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model in female C57BL / 6 mice aged 6-8 weeks and investigate its disease phenotype so as to build a better animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS) . Methods The EAE model was established in 50 female C57BL / 6 mice through intradermal injection of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein 35-55 peptide. We assessed the disease progression daily according to a 15-point score for 90 days, and further observed the brain lesions in terms of pathology. Results There were three courses of disease in the EAE model: chronic course (3 mice), relapse and remission course (7 mice) and monophasic course (11 mice) . Interestingly, we identified some mice (28 mice) had changes in coat color, mental and motor activity, as well as inflammatory demyelinating lesions in the brain tissue although their neurological functions were scored as 0 point. Conclusion The EAE model in C57BL / 6 female mice shows disease phenotype similar to multiple sclerosis and can be used as a good animal model.
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Objective To investigate the association between the level of polymorphism of APOE gene and cognitive impairment in patients with CNS demyelinating diseases. Methods 56 patients with central nervous system demyelinating disease were applied APOE genotyping,MoCA and expanded disability status (EDSS) scale score. Patients with MOCA scores <26 were divided into cognitive impairment group, and those with MOCA scores ≥26 were divided into normal cognitive preserved group. Results The probability of cognitive dysfunction in patients with central nervous system demyelinating diseases was 53.57%. There was no significant difference in age, gender, and disease duration between the CI group and the CP group(P>0.05), the difference in age and education among groups is statistically significant (P<0.05). There was no statistical significance in the difference in age, sex, education years and EDSS score between APOEε4 gene positive group and APOEε4 gene negative group (P<0.05). The difference of visual space and attention between different cognitive domains is statistically significant(P<0.05). Years of schooling is a risk factor for cognitive dysfunction in patients with central nervous system demyelinating disease(P<0.01). Conclusion The central nervous system demyelinating disease is impaired cognitive function. Patients with APOEε4 gene positive are more severely impaired in visual space and attention than patients with negative APOEε4 gene.Years of education are the risk factors of cognitive dysfunction in patients with central nervous system demyelinating disease. The course of disease and disabled function may not be significant related to cognitive impairment.
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Objective To investigate the clinical significance of cortactin antibody in myasthenia gravis (MG).Methods Cortactin antibody in the serum of 100 MG patients, 40 normal controls and 40 other neuroimmune diseases patients was examined by Western blotting and ELISA using purified recombinant human protein cortactin as antigen .Acetylcholine receptor antibody ( AchR-ab ) and muscle specific kinase antibody (MuSK-ab) were parallely measured by ELISA.Results Antibodies to cortactin were found in nine (9％) serum samples of 100 MG patients.Four of the nine cortactin antibody positive sera were also positive for AChR-ab.The rest five MG patients only had antibodies against cortactin ( no detectable AChR-ab or MuSK-ab).None of the control subjects (including 40 normal controls and 40 other neuroimmune diseases patients ) had cortactin antibodies.Most (7/9) of the cortactin antibody positive MG patients presented with early-onset subgroup.Patients only with cortactin antibodies did not appear to have thymoma.Patients with MG who had both AChR and cortactin antibodies showed maximum involvement of muscles and severe Osserman's classification ( three cases of type ⅡB and one case of type Ⅳ) . Conclusion Cortactin antibody may be a new antibody for MG , which can provide clues for further exploring the potential pathogenic mechanisms of the disease .
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Objective To explore the effect of surface electromyographic biofeedback (SEMG-BFT) combined with electrical stimulation on the swallowing function of stroke survivors with dysphagia,and to evaluate the electromyographic activity of the submental muscles in swallowing various foods so as to provide a basis for future rehabilitation of such patients.Methods Sixty patients were randomly divided into a treatment group and a control group,each of 28.Both groups were given low-frequency electrical stimulation and conventional swallowing training.The treatment group was additionally provided with SEMG-BFT.Before the treatment as well as after 2 and 4 weeks of treatment,the swallowing function of both groups was evaluated using the Kubota drinking water test (KDWT) and a Gugging swallowing screen (GUSS).Surface electromyographs of the submental muscles were recorded during empty swallowing,swallowing 10 ml of dilute liquid and swallowing 10 ml of paste.Results After two and four weeks of treatment,the average KDWT and GUSS scores of both groups had improved significantly,but that of the treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group at each time point.After 2 and 4 weeks of treatment,significant differences were found in swallowing duration and the average amplitude of the sEMGs compared with before the treatment in both groups.The difference between the groups was significant at each time point.Conclusions SEMG-BFT combined with electrical stimulation can significantly improve swallowing function.Paste food can be used safely in the early evaluation and treatment of swallowing dysfunction.
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Objective To explore the effects of isokinetic training on muscle endurance and the ambulatory capacity of patients with incomplete lumbar spinal cord injury ( SCI ) . Methods Sixty patients were randomly divided into a control group and a treatment group, each of 30. Both groups were given conventional rehabilitation, while the treatment group was additionally provided with isokinetic muscle strength and muscle endurance training for 3 months. The endurance ratio ( RO) of the quadriceps and hamstrings, the mean power frequency of the rectus femo-ris (RF-MPF) and the biceps flexor cruris (BF-MPF), and distance covered in the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) were evaluated before and after the treatment. An index of functional community ambulation was also compared be-tween the 2 groups. Results After the treatment significant differences were observed in all of the measurements compared to before the treatment for both groups. The average RO improvement of the quadriceps and hamstrings, the BF-MPF, the RF-MPF and the 6MWT distance of the treatment group were all significantly higher compared with the control group. After the treatment, 25 patients of the treatment group could demonstrate functional community ambula-tion, significantly better than that of 20 of the control group. Conclusion Isokinetic training can improve muscle endurance and the walking capacity of persons with an incomplete lumbar spinal cord injury.
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Objective To investigate the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in COX-2 with aspirin resistance in Chinese cerebral infarction patients. Methods A total of 150 Chinese cerebral infarction patients were recruited. Platelet aggregation response was measured by light transmission aggregometry method and four SNPs located in COX2 gene were genotyped by sequencing method. Results Sixty patients of the total were classified as aspirin non-responders. For clinical variables , concentrations of high homocysteine and the frequency of recurrence cerebral infarction were significantly higher in aspirin non-responders when compared with aspirin responders. Univariate analysis of SNPs showed that rs20417 , rs689465 and rs689466 were significantly associated with aspirin resistance. Multivariate analysis indicated that after adjusting other SNPs and clinical risk factors, rs20417 and rs689466 were still significantly associated with aspirin resistance. Conclusions Rs689466 is significantly associated with aspirin resistance in Chinese cerebral infarction patients even after the adjustment of rs20417. By combining rs689466 , rs20417 and other clinical risk factors , we may better classify the aspirin non-responders from aspirin responders.
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Objective To investigate the clinical and MRI features and pathogenic mechanism of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).Methods Six cases of PRES in SLE proved by integrated clinical diagnosis were collected from January 2008 to December 2013.The clinical and MRI features of these patients were studied retrospectively and the related literatures were reviewed.Results The initial episode of nervous system was involved in 4 cases.The clinical presentations were headache (2 cases),seizures (4 cases),acute confusion state (2 cases),altered mentation (1 case) and vision change (1 case).All cases had lupus nephritis and hypertension,in which 4 cases had renal failure;6 cases were treated with immunosuppressive agents and 4 cases with cyclophosphamide for lupus nephritis when they developed PRES.The vasogenic edema lesions were distributed in the parietal or occipital lobe (5 cases),the frontal lobe (4 cases),temporal lobe (4 cases),basal ganglia (3 cases),splenium (1 case) and cerebellar hemispheres (2 cases).Three major patterns of PRES included dominant parietal-occipital (2 cases),the holohemispheric watershed (3 cases),and superior frontal sulcal (1 case).Conclusions The clinical and MRI findings of PRES in patients with SLE are typical.Awareness of this entity as early as possible can help to improve curative effect and prognosis.
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To set standards for histomorphological studies on Lysimachia fortunei, an efficacious and widely applied folk medicine in this study, in order to develop its resources. Its species were identified by observing plant morphology and herbs appearance characters, preparing slices with routine methods and defining structural characters. According to the results of morphologic observation, leaves, stamen and pistil of this plant were different from the descriptions in Flora of China. The whole herb can be used in medicines, mainly including rhizomes, stems and leaves. According to the findings in the first study on microscopic structures, its rhizomes, stems and leaves were characteristic and worth identifying. The transaction tissue structures of rhizomes and stems were under developed and contained endodermis, secretory structures; Stems had sclerenchymata of different shapes of sclereids; Leaves were bifacial and had vascular bundles under midribs, which were surrounded by parenchymal sheathes. On the surface of leaves, stomata, glandular hairs and keratin lines were morphologically different in upper and lower epidermis. The herbal power had glandular hairs, sclereids and vessels. In conclusion, herbs of L. fortunei can be identified by the above histomorphological characteristics, which lays a foundation for further development and application of L. fortunei.
الموضوعات
Medicine, Traditional , Plant Leaves , Plant Stems , Plants, Medicinal , Primulaceaeالملخص
Objective The pathogenesis of intractable epilepsy was explored by examining the expression of the P-gp , GST-Pi as well as MDR1 in peripheral blood of the patients with intractable epilepsy. The potential of the above mentioned three genes as the biomarkers for treatment of intractable epilepsy was investigated. Methods Thirty-one sub?jects with refractory epilepsy, 33 subjects under good circumstances by antiepileptic drugs, and 37 healthy subjects were included in the present study. fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction and flow cytometry were used to detect mRNA levels of MDR1 and GST-Pi and P-gp of MDR1 in the peripheral blood of the patients, respectively. Results The expression levels of MDR1 and GST-Pi were significantly higher in the AEDs intractable group(1.36±0.14,0.585±0.257) than in the treatment group(0.82±0.15,0.309±0.217, P<0.05)The expression levels of MDR1 and GST-Pi were signifi?cantly higher in the AEDs treatment group than in the normal group(0.27±0.07,0.134±0.223,P<0.05). The expression levels of P-gp were significantly higher in the AEDs of the intractable group(0.104±0.084)than in the treatment group (0.063 ± 0.030, P<0.05). The GST-Pi gene expression levels were significantly higher in three(0.535 ± 0.256)or two (0.425±0.254)kinds of antiepileptic drugs combination therapy than in single drug treatment(0.267±0.265, P<0.05). Leucocyte P-gp levels were significantly higher in combination therapy of three kinds of antiepileptic drugs(0.141 ± 0.096)than in combination therapy of two kinds of antiepileptic drugs(0.071±0.020)or in monotherapy(0.050±0.020, P<0.05). Conclusion MDR1 and GST-Pi gene expression levels of peripheral blood can be used as the reference in?dex for treatment of intractable epilepsy and the resistant index of combination treatment for intractable epilepsy.
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Objective To explore the relationship between plasticity ofhippocampus neuronal morphology and pathogenesis of epilepsy by observing the changes of mossy fiber sprouting (MFS) and P-glycoprotein (P-gp) expression in the hippoeampus of rat models of amygdala-kindling epilepsy.Methods Ninety male Wistar rats were randomly divided into epilepsy model group (n=40),drug treatment group (n=40) and sham-operated group (n=10).Models of chronic epilepsy were established by stimulating the amygdale; rats in the drug treatment group were perfused antiepileptic drug levetiracetam into stomach [100 mg/(kg·d),twice daily].At different observation time points (1,2,4 and 8 weeks after the treatment),Timm staining was employed to observe the changes of MFS; immunohistochemical method was used to detect the dynamic changes of P-gp.Results (1) After the success of model making,abnormal MFS levels in the hippocampal CA3 transparent layer were noted; lowest MFS scores were noted in S1 subgroup,which showed no significant difference as compared with those in sham-operated group (P＞0.05); the MFS scores in S2,S4 and S8 subgroups increased gradually with a peak level at 8 weeks after inducement,which showed significant difference as compared with those in sham-operated group (P＜0.05).No significant differences on MFS grading scores were noted in the drug treatment group between each two time points (P＞0.05).(2) The P-gp expression in the epilepsy model group showed significant difference at different time points (P＜0.05); highest expression level was noted at one week after the surgery,and returned to normal at four weeks.However,the P-gp expression showed no significant difference in the drug treatment group between each two time points (P＞0.05),except for 1 week after treatment.Conclusion MFS is the important mechanism of chronic epilepsy,and P-gp is the product of epilepsy,which is the main reason of epilepsy drug resistance.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To clarify the origin and provide pharmacognostical evidences for the leaves of 5 species in Chloranthus.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Histological observation and microscopic identification through different slice-making techniques were applied to the research.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>There were subtle differences between the histological characteristics. In microscopical identification, the different structures of vascular bundles in veins were observed, appendages and non-glandular hairs were distinct.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The method can be used to distinguish the features of 5 species in Chloranthus. This article offers information for the further research and exploitation of Chloranthus.</p>
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Magnoliopsida , Pharmacognosy , Plant Epidermis , Plant Leaves , Plant Vascular Bundle , Plants, Medicinal , Species Specificityالملخص
Objective To observe the changes of brain heme oxygenase-1/carbon monoxide (HO-1/CO)in neonatal rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage(HIBD)injury and investigate the role of HO-1/CO in the recovery of HIBD. Methods Eighteen 7-day-old Wistar rats were randomly divided into sham-operated group,HIBDgroup and HIBDwith zinc protoporphyrin(ZnPP)treatment group (n=6).In the latter two groups,HIBD model was established by unilateral carotid ligation followed by timed exposure to 8%oxygen. Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR Was performed to determine the expression of HO-1 mRNA and thiobarbituric acid(TBA)method was used to assay malondialdehyde (MDA)contentinthe braintissue of the rats.The cell apoptosis in the brain aRer HIBD was analyzed using flow cytometry,and the blood CO concentration was detected by the absorbance at 420mn and 432 nm.Results Compared to the sham-operated group.HO-1 mRNA expression and blood CO concentration were significantly increased in HIBD group and ZnPP group (P＜0.05).The rats with ZnPP group had significantly lower HO-1 mRNA expression and blood CO concentration than those in HIBD group(P＜0.05).HIBD resultedin significantly increased MDA content and cell apoptosis rate in the rat brain as compared to those in the sham-operated group(p＜0.05),and ZnPP treatment further increased the MDA content and cell apoptosis(P＜0.05). Conclusions Increased brain HO-1 mRNA expression and blood CO concentration in neonatal rats with HIBD are probably associated with the spontaneous recovery of neural tissue injury.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>This article was to study the effect of induced occlusal disorders and removed occlusal disorders on the expression of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) of condylar cartilage.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Young and adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided respectively into induced occlusal disorders group, removed occlusal disorders group and control group, 3 rats every group. For induced occlusal disorders rats, the elastic rubbers were inserted between the first and second molar in the left upper side and right lower side to form the disordered occlusion. They were killed under anaesthesia 8 weeks after the treatment. For removed occlusal disorders rats, the first molars that caused disordered occlusion were extracted 6 weeks after forming disordered occlusion. 2 weeks later, they were killed under anaesthesia. For normal rats, they were killed at the same time with experimental rats. Hibateral temporomandibular joints of each rat were removed and stained with HE and monoclone antibody of BMP-2. The thickness of condylar cartilage was measured. The expression of BMP-2 in condylar cartilage was detected by half-quantity immunohistochemical analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>For adult induced occlusal disorders group, the thickness of cartilage in intermediate part of condyle decreased. However, it increased in the posterior part. After removing occlusal disorders, the thickness of posterior condylar cartilage returned to normal level. But it was still thinner than control group in the intermediate part. The expression of BMP-2 in anterior, intermediate, posterior part of condylar cartilage of young induced occlusal disorders group was higher than that of young removed occlusal disorders group expression of BMP-2 showed induced occlusal disorders group was higher than removed occlusal disorders group, which was higher than control group. and control group. No difference of the expression of BMP-2 was found in young removed occlusal disorders group and control group. For the expression of BMP-2 in intermediate part of condylar cartilage, both adult induced and removed occlusal disorders groups were higher than adult control group. For the posterior part of adult condyle cartilage, the expression of BMP-2 showed induced occlusal disorders group was higher than removed occlusal disorders group, which was higher than control group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Induced occlusal disorders can lead higher expression of BMP-2 in condylar cartilage of young and adult rats. Adaptability of condylar cartilage of adult rats is weaker than young rats, especially the intermediate part.</p>
الموضوعات
Animals , Female , Rats , Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 , Cartilage , Cartilage, Articular , Dental Occlusion , Mandibular Condyle , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Temporomandibular Jointالملخص
Objective To discussed the relationship between multiple sclerosis(MS)and the genepolymorphism of HLA hoping that these results would be useful for further pathogeny studies,diagnoses,therapy and prognosis estimation of MS.Methods HLA-Ⅱ alleles in 32 patients with MS,36 nonimmunological neurological disease controls and 30 healthy controls,were identified by polymerase chain reaction-specific sequence primers(PCR-SSP)methods.Results The gene frequency of HLA-DR16 (7/32,1/36,0/30),DR11(7/32,3/36,1/30)and DQB1*0502(10/32,6/36,4/30)in patients with MS were higher than those in the 2 control groups.The gene frequency of DQB1*0601(8/32,12/36,17/30)in the patients with MS was lower than the controls.However,only the HLA-DR16 had significant difference (χ2=7.398,RR=17.94,P=0.011;χ2=5.52,RR=9.8,P=0.022).Conclusion HLA-DR16 alleles may be associated with the susceptibility to MS in Guizhou Province.
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Objective To evaluate the expression of Sp3 gene of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients in Guizhou and the relationship between Sp3 gene expression and immunological function. Methods Two pairs of primers were used to amplify cDNAs generated from 31 MS patients and 30 healthy controls. The serum levels of sIL-2R were measured in 27 patients with MS and 30 healthy controls by sandwiched ELISA. Results The deficient expression of Sp3 gene in MS patients was significantly higher than that in control (41.9% ( 12/31 ) vs 6. 7% (2/30) ,x2 =7. 133 ,P =0. 008). The sIL-2R levels in MS patients were significantly higher than those in control (( 2788.5 ± 1079. 8 ), ( 1270. 7 ± 489. 4) μg/L, t = 6. 170, P = 0. 001 ). The concentration of sIL-2R in MS with negative ((3364.0 ± 1252.3) μg/L) and positive((2450.0 ± 827.0) μg/L) expression of Sp3 gene were significantly increased compared with control (F = 32. 059, P < 0. 05 ). The sIL-2R levels were significantly rising in MS patients with negative expression of Sp3 gene compared with MS patients with positive expression of Sp3 gene ( q = 4. 213, P < 0. 05 ). Conclusions A remarkable deficient expression of Sp3 gene in PBMC has been found in MS patients in Guizhou. sIL-2R may take part in the process of MS. The expression of Sp3 gene is not affected by immune state, however, MS patients with Sp3 deficient expression tend to have a more serious impairment in immunological functions.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect of gradually induced occlusal disorders on the expression of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) of condylar cartilage in rat.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The model of gradually induced occlusal disorders was established in rat. The expression of bFGF was examined by SABC technique of immunohistochemistry. The expression of bFGF was analyzed by amount of positive cells.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>bFGF was expressed positively in the proliferative cell layer, maturative layer and hypertrophical cell layer in the rat mandibular condyle cartilage. In control group, expression of bFGF increased from 2-week-old to 6-week-old, then it had a decrease during experiment. Compared with the control group, bFGF of experiment group was increasing at 2 week, 6 week and 8 week during experiment. But there was decreaseing at 4 week. There was no difference between young experiment group and the adult experiment group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The gradually induced occlusal disorders may lead to significant increase of expressiong of bFGF in condyle cartilage, which suggests that the bFGF may be involve in the procedure of repairing process of articular cartilage.</p>
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Animals , Rats , Cartilage , Cartilage, Articular , Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 , Mandibular Condyleالملخص
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Caspase-1 is a member of cysteinyl aspartate specific protease family and it plays important roles in the pathophysiology of many diseases for its proinflammatory and proapoptotic peculiarity. Interleukin (IL)-18, one of its substrates, is a pleiotropic cytokine and processed by caspase-1 to become fully bioactive. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship and effect of caspase-1 and IL-18 mRNA expressions after hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) in neonatal rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 112 seven-day-old Wistar rats were assigned to control group, HIBD 3 h, 8 h, 24 h, 3 d, 6 d and 14 d groups via complete randomization (n = 16 per group), and the model of HIBD was induced by unilateral carotid ligation followed by timed exposure to 8% oxygen. In each group, 8 rats were used for measuring the mRNA for caspase-1 and IL-18 in the cerebral cortex by semi-quantitative RT-PCR, and the brains of another 8 rats were observed for light microscopic changes by HE staining.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expression of caspase-1 mRNA was low in control group (0.2918 +/- 0.0809). After HIBD, the level of caspase-1 mRNA in ischemic cortex began to increase at 24 h (0.5222 +/- 0.0941, P < 0.01 vs. control), peaked at 6 d (0.7886 +/- 0.0480, P < 0.01 vs. the other groups) and decreased at 14 d (0.5314 +/- 0.1272). The level of IL-18 mRNA was 0.3218 +/- 0.0466 in control group. After HIBD, the expression of mRNA for IL-18 increased progressively at 24 h to 6 d (24 h: 0.5823 +/- 0.0740; 3 d: 0.6976 +/- 0.1073; 6 d: 0.9110 +/- 0.0647, P < 0.01 vs. control), reached its greatest level at 6 d (P < 0.01 vs. other groups). The expression of IL-18 mRNA after HIBD showed a close correlation to caspase-1 in time (r = 0.871, P < 0.01). Histological study showed that the degenerated and necrotic neurons increased progressively at 1 d to 6 d after HIBD, at the same time the proliferation of glial cells appeared.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The increased expression of caspase-1 and IL-18 mRNA after HIBD, regularity of which was consistent with the time frame for development of brain injury, implied that they may play important roles in the pathogenesis of HIBD in neonatal rats.</p>