Radiomics based on biparametric MRI for the detection of significant residual prostate cancer after androgen deprivation therapy: using whole-mount histopathology as reference standard / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

We aimed to study radiomics approach based on biparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for determining significant residual cancer after androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). Ninety-two post-ADT prostate cancer patients underwent MRI before prostatectomy (62 with significant residual disease and 30 with complete response or minimum residual disease [CR/MRD]). Totally, 100 significant residual, 52 CR/MRD lesions, and 70 benign tissues were selected according to pathology. First, 381 radiomics features were extracted from T2-weighted imaging, diffusion-weighted imaging, and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps. Optimal features were selected using a support vector machine with a recursive feature elimination algorithm (SVM-RFE). Then, ADC values of significant residual, CR/MRD lesions, and benign tissues were compared by one-way analysis of variance. Logistic regression was used to construct models with SVM features to differentiate between each pair of tissues. Third, the efficiencies of ADC value and radiomics models for differentiating the three tissues were assessed by area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). The ADC value (mean ± standard deviation [s.d.]) of significant residual lesions ([1.10 ± 0.02] × 10-3 mm2 s-1) was significantly lower than that of CR/MRD ([1.17 ± 0.02] × 10-3 mm2 s-1), which was significantly lower than that of benign tissues ([1.30 ± 0.02] × 10-3 mm2 s-1; both P < 0.05). The SVM feature models were comparable to ADC value in distinguishing CR/MRD from benign tissue (AUC: 0.766 vs 0.792) and distinguishing residual from benign tissue (AUC: 0.825 vs 0.835) (both P > 0.05), but superior to ADC value in differentiating significant residual from CR/MRD (AUC: 0.748 vs 0.558; P = 0.041). Radiomics approach with biparametric MRI could promote the detection of significant residual prostate cancer after ADT.

MiT family translocation renal cell carcinoma:imaging findings in 15 patients / 复旦学报（医学版）

Objective To analyze the imaging findings in MiT family translocation renal cell carcinoma (RCC) for the better understanding on the rare tumor combined with its clinicopathological features.Methods Fifteen patients with MiT family translocation RCC were analyzed retrospectively including 14 cases of Xp11.2 RCC and 1 case of t(6;11) RCC.Tumor location,size,capsule sign,hemorrhage,cystic change,calcification,density,signal features and enhancement pattern were evaluated.Results Four men and ten women aged from 14 to 42 years old (mean age of 26 years old) were diagnosed as Xp1 1.2 RCC.Most of the tumors (n =12) were located in renal medulla and most of the tumors (n =11) were 4 cm or more in diameter.There were 8 cases with hemorrhage.They were always well-defined (n =11) and all heterogeneous.Additionally,we could find calcification (a half of the number) typically distributed on CT.The tumor density was grater on plain CT (n =8) and the signal intensive was slightly high on T1WI (n-6) and low or slightly low on T2WI (n =9) than renal cortex.All of the cases were slightly or moderately persistent enhancement on DCE CT and MRI.The imaging features of the male patient with t(6;11)RCC was similar with Xp11.2 RCC apart from the diameter of 16 cm.Conclusions MiT family translocation RCC should be considered when a young patient presents with a relatively huge and well-defined renal tumor with an obviously heterogeneous features,annular calcification and persistent enhancement.It is difficult to distinguish Xp11.2 RCC and t(6,11) RCC,but size maybe play a hinting role in discriminate them.

The value of diffusion-weighted MR imaging combined with transrectal ultrasound for transrectal prostate biopsy / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To retrospectively analyze the clinical value of diffusion-weighted MR imaging in the detection of prostate cancer in suspected patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Between January 2009 and December 2010, the 551 patients suspected as prostate cancer underwent prostate biopsy. Patients in group A were accepted to a transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) guided transrectal prostate biopsy (n = 410), while patients in group B were accepted to a diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and TRUS jointly guided transrectal prostate biopsy (n = 141). The two groups were divided into 4 subgroups by prostate specific antigen (PSA) < 10 µg/L, 10 µg/L ≤ PSA < 20 µg/L, 20 µg/L ≤ PSA < 50 µg/L and PSA ≥ 50 µg/L. Then, the diagnostic rates of prostate biopsy guided by combination of DWI and TRUS with only TRUS were compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The diagnostic rate of patients with PSA < 10 µg/L, 10 µg/L ≤ PSA < 20 µg/L, 20 µg/L ≤ PSA < 50 µg/L and PSA ≥ 50 µg/L were 12.1%, 31.1%, 48.0%, 91.2% in group A, and 23.7%, 35.5%, 66.7%, 96.3% in group B, respectively. In the patients with PSA less than 10 µg/L, there were significant differences in diagnostic rate between the two biopsy techniques (χ(2) = 4.405, P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The combination of DWI and TRUS showed the potential to guide biopsy to cancer foci in patients suspected as prostate cancer. For patients with PSA < 10 µg/L, a DWI and TRUS jointly guided transrectal prostate biopsy was recommended.</p>