Key genes and related pathways of hepatic fibrosis based on bioinformatics analysis / 局解手术学杂志

Objective By screening key genes and related pathways for hepatic fibrosis treatment through bioinformatics analysis,the differentially expressed genes of hepatic fibrosis patients were mined to predict potential therapeutic targets for liver fibrosis.Methods Gene expression profiles GSE197112 were obtained from GEO database.Differentially expressed genes were screened by Limma.DAVID online database was used to conduct GO enrichment analysis and KEGG signaling pathway enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes.The protein-protein interaction(PPI)network diagram of differentially expressed genes were obtained from STRING database and visualize by Cytoscape software.At the same time,the plug-in CytoHubba in Cytoscape software was used to screen the target genes of hepatic fibrosis.Results A total of 399 differentially expressed genes were screened(P<0.01,∣log2FC∣>1.5),including 300 down-regulated genes and 99 up-regulated genes.These genes were mainly involved in GO biological processes such as mitosis checkpoint,DNA replication,chromosome segregation,cell division,apoptosis,adaptive immune response and so on,and mainly regulated the intestinal immune network for IgA production,progesterone-mediated oocyte maturation,human T-cell leukemia virus 1 infection,cell cycle,antigen processing and presentation,p53 signaling pathway,cancer transcription disorder,cell adhesion molecules and so on.Five target genes were screened by Cytoscape software:TTK,KIF2C,ASPM,DLGAP5,PBK.Conclusion In this study,399 differentially expressed genes and 5 target genes in hepatic fibrosis were screened by bioinformatics methods,which play key roles in the biological processes related to hepatic fibrosis,and provide a new direction for the pharmacological treatment of liver fibrosis.

Role of NLRP3/Caspase-1/IL-1β inflammasome pathway in formation of aortic dissection in mice / 陆军军医大学学报

Objective To investigate the role and mechanism of NLRP3/Caspase-1/IL-1 β inflammasome pathway in the formation of aortic dissection in mice.Methods Fifty male C57BL/6 mice(3 weeks old,body weight 10～13 g)were divided into control group(n =10,normal diet),β-aminopropionitrile(BAPN)group[n =20,drink water containing 1 g/(kg·d)BAPN],and BAPN+MCC950 group[n=20,drink water containing 1 g/(kg·d)BAPN and intraperitoneal injection of 20 mg/(kg·d)NLRP3 inhibitor,MCC950]by random sampling.Water intake,body weight,incidence of aortic dissection and aortic dissection-related mortality were recorded.The inflammatory infiltration in the aorta was observed with HE staining,elastic fiber breakage was observed by elastic Van Gieson(EVG)staining,average fluorescence intensity of NLRP3,IL-1β,α-SMA and OPN was detected by immunofluorescence assay,and protein expression levels of NLRP3,Caspase-1,ASC,IL-1β,α-SMA and OPN were measured with Western blotting.Results No aortic dissection or death was observed in the control group.The BAPN group had an incidence of aortic dissection of 80％,aortic dissection-related mortality of 35％,and obvious broken elastic fibers and inflammatory infiltrate in the aortic wall,and increased expression levels of NLRP3,Caspase-1,ASC and IL-1 β,decreased contractile α-SMA and increased synthetic protein OPN when compared with the control group(P<0.05).While MCC950 treatment decreased the incidence of aortic dissection(80％vs 35％,P=0.004)and aortic dissection-related mortality(35％vs 15％,P=0.144),alleviated the broken elastic fibers and inflammatory infiltrate in the aortic wall,and down-regulated the expression of NLRP3,Caspase-1,ASC and IL-1β,enhanced contractile α-SMA and decreased the synthetic protein when compared with the BAPN group(P<0.05).Conclusion The occurrence of aortic dissection in mice is associated with activation of NLRP3/Caspase-1/IL-1 β inflammasome pathway.NLRP3 inhibitor,MCC950,can reduce the occurrence of aortic dissection and show a protective effect on blood vessels.

Advances in digital twins technology of human skeletal muscle / 生物医学工程学杂志

The human skeletal muscle drives skeletal movement through contraction. Embedding its functional information into the human morphological framework and constructing a digital twin of skeletal muscle for simulating physical and physiological functions of skeletal muscle are of great significance for the study of "virtual physiological humans". Based on relevant literature both domestically and internationally, this paper firstly summarizes the technical framework for constructing skeletal muscle digital twins, and then provides a review from five aspects including skeletal muscle digital twins modeling technology, skeletal muscle data collection technology, simulation analysis technology, simulation platform and human medical image database. On this basis, it is pointed out that further research is needed in areas such as skeletal muscle model generalization, accuracy improvement, and model coupling. The methods and means of constructing skeletal muscle digital twins summarized in the paper are expected to provide reference for researchers in this field, and the development direction pointed out can serve as the next focus of research.

Effect of Baicalin on Pyroptosis of Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Cell Lines DB and Its Mechanism / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effect of Baicalin on the proliferation and pyroptosis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cell line DB and its mechanism.@*METHODS@#DB cells were treated with baicalin at different concentrations (0, 5, 10, 20, 40 μmol/L). Cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 assay and half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) was calculated. The morphology of pyroptosis was observed under an inverted microscope, the integrity of the cell membrane was verified by LDH content release assay, and the expressions of pyroptosis-related mRNA and protein (NLRP3, GSDMD, GSDME, N-GSDMD, N-GSDME) were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR and Western blot. In order to further clarify the relationship between baicalin-induced pyroptosis and ROS production in DB cells, DB cells were divided into control group, baicalin group, NAC group and NAC combined with baicalin group. DB cells in the NAC group were pretreated with ROS inhibitor N-acetylcysteine (NAC) 2 mmol/L for 2 h. Baicalin was added to the combined treatment group after pretreatment, and the content of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the cells was detected by DCFH-DA method after 48 hours of culture.@*RESULTS@#Baicalin inhibited the proliferation of DB cells in a dose-dependent manner (r=-0.99), and the IC50 was 20.56 μmol/L at 48 h. The morphological changes of pyroptosis in DB cells were observed under inverted microscope. Compared with the control group, the release of LDH in the baicalin group was significantly increased (P<0.01), indicating the loss of cell membrane integrity. Baicalin dose-dependently increased the expression levels of NLRP3, N-GSDMD, and N-GSDME mRNA and protein in the pyroptosis pathway (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the level of ROS in the baicalin group was significantly increased (P<0.05), and the content of ROS in the NAC group was significantly decreased (P<0.05). Compared with the NAC group, the content of ROS in the NAC + baicalin group was increased. Baicalin significantly attenuated the inhibitory effect of NAC on ROS production (P<0.05). Similarly, Western blot results showed that compared with the control group, the expression levels of pyroptosis-related proteins was increased in the baicalin group (P<0.05). NAC inhibited the expression of NLRP3 and reduced the cleavage of N-GSDMD and N-GSDME (P<0.05). Compared with the NAC group, the NAC + baicalin group had significantly increased expression of pyroptosis-related proteins. These results indicate that baicalin can effectively induce pyroptosis in DB cells and reverse the inhibitory effect of NAC on ROS production.@*CONCLUSION@#Baicalin can inhibit the proliferation of DLBCL cell line DB, and its mechanism may be through regulating ROS production to affect the pyroptosis pathway.

Evaluation and analysis on diagnostic criteria for common occupational radiation-induced diseases among radiation workers in some provinces and cities of China / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective:To investigate the application of diagnostic criteria for common occupational radiation-induced diseases to radiation workers, in order to provide a basis for the revision, publicity and standardization of the standards.Methods:Radiation workers were selected from 1 city, 7 provinces and 1 corporation by using cluster random sampling method from January 2021 to May 2021. Awareness of the criteria and the effects of ionizing radiation, and the suggestions for diagnostic works were investigated and analyzed.Results:A total of 2 839 radiation workers were investigated. There were differences in the awareness of different diagnostic criteria, the inclusions in complex diagnostic criteria, the materials required for applying for diagnosis, and the ways of knowing the diagnostic criteria( χ2=416.06, 2 924.14, 83.45, 895.67, 815.94, P<0.001). The correct understanding rates of deterministic effects and stochastic effects were 80.63% and 43.64%, respectively. The acceptance rates in applicable materials were 96.79% for occupational exposure history, 94.72% for occupational health monitoring records and 93.55% for individual monitoring of occupational exposure, respectively. Pre-employment training rate was 80.20%, on-job training rate was 81.19%, and untrained rate was 3.77%. The suggestions to the diagnosis of occupational radiation-induced diseases are to strengthen training, pay attention to individual monitoring, occupational health examination, and strengthen health supervision and law enforcement. Conclusions:Radiation workers have a low awareness rate of certain diagnostic standards and a high awareness rate of diagnostic procedures. Publicity and training of health effects of ionizing radiation and diagnostic criteria of occupational radiation-induced diseases should be strengthened. Diagnostic procedure should be optimized.

Research progress on influence of PM2.5 on allergic rhinitis / 环境与职业医学

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is one of the main chronic inflammatory diseases that pose a global threat. Its symptoms persist for a long time, recur, and seriously affect the physical and mental health of the patients. Existing research has shown that the occurrence and development of AR are related to genetic and environmental factors. In recent years, the harm of air pollution to human health has received increasing attention, and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is the main harmful component of air pollutants. Its small particle size makes it easy to absorb various harmful substances, enter the respiratory tract, damage the nasal mucosa, and participate in the occurrence and development process of AR. At present, a large number of epidemiological studies have confirmed that PM2.5 is positively related to the incidence rate and severity of symptoms of AR, but its exact mechanism is still unclear. Therefore, studying the mechanism of PM2.5 exposure on AR damage is expected to provide new clues for exploring the pathogenesis and deterioration of AR. This article reviewed the epidemiological studies and toxicological mechanisms of PM2.5 exposure and AR in recent years; discussed the potential biological mechanisms of PM2.5 induced AR occurrence and development, including nasal mucositis damage, oxidative stress, and immune damage. Furthermore, a new research direction was proposed, which suggested that neuroimmune disorders and bacterial imbalance may be involved in the progression of AR and play a certain role in the toxic effects induced by PM2.5. We aim to provide ideas and a theoretical basis for developing effective measures to prevent and treat AR.

Clinical features and prognosis of core binding factor acute myeloid leukemia children in South China: a multicenter study / 中华儿科杂志

Objective: To analyze the clinical features, efficacy and prognosis factors of core binding factor (CBF) acute myeloid leukemia (AML) children in South China. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study. Clinical data of 584 AML patients from 9 hospitals between January 2015 to December 2020 was collected. According to fusion gene results, all patients were divided into two groups: CBF-AML group (189 cases) and non-CBF-AML group (395 cases). CBF-AML group were divided into AML1-ETO subgroup (154 cases) and CBFβ-MYH11 subgroup (35 cases). Patients in CBF-AML group chosen different induction scheme were divided into group A (fludarabine, cytarabine, granulocyte colony stimulating factor and idarubicin (FLAG-IDA) scheme, 134 cases) and group B (daunorubicin, cytarabine and etoposide (DAE) scheme, 55 cases). Age, gender, response rate, recurrence rate, mortality, molecular genetic characteristics and other clinical data were compared between groups. Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis and survival curve was drawn. Cox regression model was used to analyze prognostic factors. Results: A total of 584 AML children were diagnosed, including 346 males and 238 females. And a total of 189 children with CBF-AML were included, including 117 males and 72 females. The age of diagnosis was 7.3 (4.5,10.0)years, and the white blood cell count at initial diagnosis was 21.4 (9.7, 47.7)×109/L.The complete remission rate of the first course (CR1) of induction therapy, relapse rate, and mortality of children with CBF-AML were significantly different from those in the non-CBF-AML group (91.0% (172/189) vs. 78.0% (308/395); 10.1% (19/189) vs. 18.7% (74/395); 13.2% (25/189) vs. 25.6% (101/395), all P<0.05). In children with CBF-AML, the CBFβ-MYH11 subgroup had higher initial white blood cells and lower proportion of extramedullary invasion than the AML1-ETO subgroup, with statistical significance (65.7% (23/35) vs. 14.9% (23/154), 2.9% (1/35) vs. 16.9% (26/154), both P<0.05). AML1-ETO subgroup had more additional chromosome abnormalities (75/154), especially sex chromosome loss (53/154). Compared with group B, group A had more additional chromosome abnormalities and a higher proportion of tumor reduction regimen, with statistical significance (50.0% (67/134) vs. 29.1% (16/55), 34.3% (46/134) vs. 18.2% (10/55), both P<0.05). Significant differences were found in 5-years event free survival (EFS) rate and 5-year overall survival (OS) rate between CBF-AML group and non-CBF-AML group ((77.0±6.4)%vs. (61.9±6.7)%,(83.7±9.0)%vs. (67.3±7.2)%, both P<0.05).EFS and OS rates of AML1-ETO subgroup and CBFβ-MYH11 subgroup in children with CBF-AML were not significantly different (both P>0.05). Multivariate analysis showed in the AML1-ETO subgroup, CR1 rate and high white blood cell count (≥50×109/L) were independent risk factors for EFS (HR=0.24, 95%CI 0.07-0.85,HR=1.01, 95%CI 1.00-1.02, both P<0.05) and OS (HR=0.24, 95%CI 0.06-0.87; HR=1.01, 95%CI 1.00-1.02; both P<0.05). Conclusions: In CBF-AML, AML1-ETO is more common which has a higher extramedullary involvement and additional chromosome abnormalities, especially sex chromosome loss. The prognosis of AML1-ETO was similar to that of CBFβ-MYH11. The selection of induction regimen group FLAG-IDA for high white blood cell count and additional chromosome abnormality can improve the prognosis.

Analysis of chromosome aberration and micronucleus frequencies in 102 patients with cancer before and after radiotherapy and chemotherapy / 中国辐射卫生

@#<b>Objective</b> To investigate the changes of chromosome aberration and micronucleus frequencies in the peripheral blood of patients with cancer before and after treatment, and to provide a basis for clinical prevention and treatment. <b>Methods</b> We collected the physical examination data of 102 patients with cancer before and after treatment from 2016 to 2021 to analyze the changes of chromosome aberration and micronucleus frequencies in peripheral blood. <b>Results</b> Before and after treatment, there were significant differences in chromosome aberration frequency and micronucleus frequency in peripheral blood lymphocytes in patients having radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy (all <i>P</i> < 0.05), but no significant difference was observed in either index for patients having chemotherapy (both <i>P</i> > 0.05). Before and after radiotherapy, there were significant differences in the numbers of patients with abnormal chromosome aberration frequency and those with abnormal micronucleus frequency in lymphocytes (both <i>P</i> < 0.001). Before and after chemotherapy, there was no significant difference in the number of patients with abnormal chromosome aberration frequency (<i>P</i> = 0.100) or those with abnormal micronucleus frequency (<i>P</i> = 0.110). <b>Conclusion</b> Radiotherapy can cause abnormalities in chromosome aberration and micronucleus frequencies in peripheral blood lymphocytes, which can be useful for monitoring radiotherapy injury to formulate effective emergency plans and evaluate radiation dose in each course of treatment.

Effect of different doses of compound sodium chloride injection combined with norepinephrine on prevention of hypotension after lumbar anesthesia in patients undergoing caesarean section / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the effect of different doses of compound sodium chloride injection combined with norepinephrine on prevention of hypotension after lumbar anesthesia in the patients undergoing caesarean section.Methods:A total of 150 patients with a singleton fetus, aged 18-45 yr, at ≥37 weeks of gestation, of American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status classification Ⅰ or Ⅱ, with height ≥150 cm, weighing ≤100 kg, with body mass index < 40 kg/m 2, scheduled for elective caesarean section under lumbar anesthesia, were divided into 3 groups ( n=50 each) by the random number table method: compound sodium chloride injection 4, 8 and 12 ml·kg -1·h -1 groups (group A, group B, group C). Compound sodium chloride injection 4 ml/kg was intravenously injected for liquid preload before lumbar anesthesia, and 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine 12.5 mg was injected to the subarachnoid space for lumbar anesthesia. Norepinephrine was intravenously injected at a dose of 6 μg immediately after intrathecal injection, followed by an infusion of 0.05 μg·kg -1·min -1, and infusion was stopped at 5 min after delivery. Compound sodium chloride injection was intravenously infused simultaneously at a rate of 4, 8 and 12 ml·kg -1·h -1 in A, B and C groups, respectively. The maximum diameter of inferior vena cava (IVCmax) and the minimum diameter of inferior vena cava (IVCmin) were measured by ultrasound, and inferior vena cava collapse index (IVC-CI) was calculated at 1 min before fluid preload (T 1), immediately after fluid preload (T 2), at 5 min after anesthesia (T 3), at 5 min after fetal delivery (T 4) and immediately before leaving the operating room (T 5). The incidence of intraoperative adverse events (hypotension, severe hypotension, bradycardia, hypertension, nausea, and vomiting) and neonatal outcomes (umbilical artery blood gas index and Apgar score at 1 and 5 min after birth) were recorded. Results:Compared with group A, IVCmin was significantly increased and IVC-CI was decreased at T 5 in group B, and IVCmin and IVCmax were significantly increased and IVC-CI was decreased at T 5 in group C ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in IVCmax, IVCmin and IVC-CI at each time point between group B and group C ( P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of hypotension, severe hypotension, bradycardia, hypertension, nausea and vomiting among the three groups ( P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the results of blood gas analysis of the umbilical artery and Apgar score at each time point after birth among the three groups ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Compound sodium chloride injection 4, 8 and 12 ml·kg -1·h -1 combined with norepinephrine can effectively prevent the occurrence of hypotension after lumbar anesthesia in the patients undergoing caesarean section without increasing maternal and infant adverse events, and the effect of 8 and 12 ml·kg -1·h -1 for volume supplementation is better than that of 4 ml·kg -1·h -1.

Relationship between rs128912 single nucleotide polymorphism in promoter region of Toll-like receptor 3 gene and cataract in Chinese Han population / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To analyze the relationship between rs128912 single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)in the promoter region of Toll-like receptor 3(TLR3)gene and cataract in Chinese Han population.METHODS: A total of 263 patients with cataract admitted to our hospital from June 2019 to June 2021 were selected as study group, and 150 patients with lens dislocation were included in control group. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of TLR3 protein in the anterior capsular tissues of lens in the two groups, and direct sequencing method was applied to analyze the polymorphism of rs128912 locus in the promoter region of TLR3 gene. The expression of peripheral blood TLR3 mRNA of patients with different genotypes was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR).RESULTS: The expression level of TLR3 protein in the anterior capsular tissues in the study group was higher than that in the control group(P&#x003C;0.05). The frequencies of genotypes(AA, AT, TT)at rs128912 locus in the TLR3 gene promoter region in the study group and the control group were in accordance with Hardy-Weinberg genetic equilibrium, and there were differences in the frequencies of genotypes(AA, AT, TT)and frequencies of alleles(A, T)at rs128912 locus in the TLR3 gene promoter region between both groups(P&#x003C;0.05). The relative expression level of peripheral blood TLR3 mRNA in patients with TT genotype in the study group was higher than that in patients with AA or AT genotypes(P&#x003C;0.05).CONCLUSION: The expression of TLR3 protein in anterior capsular tissues of lens of patients with cataract is significantly up-regulated, and rs128912 locus polymorphism in the TLR3 gene promoter region is related to the susceptibility of cataract in Chinese Han population, and people with TT genotype are more prone to cataract.

Current situation and future countermeasures of mobile internet remote teaching of pediatric imaging / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Due to the limitations professional status and training channels, the training of pediatric imaging talents in China is seriously insufficient. Pediatric imaging doctors are concentrated in children's hospitals. Pediatric imaging knowledge and talents in primary medical institutions are scarce, which is not conducive to the construction of hierarchical diagnosis and treatment system. Large-scale telemedicine and online medical treatment based on mobile Internet have become the mainstream platforms for medical consultation and teaching, providing a good opportunity for remote teaching of pediatric imaging, and are expected to become a powerful tool for training pediatric imaging talents. The analysis of literature, mobile phone application market software and cost-effectiveness shows that the current large-scale telemedicine construction cycle is long, the construction and maintenance costs are high, and it is vulnerable to geographical and environmental constraints. It is still a long way to go for remote teaching in hospitals below the county level. The use of mobile terminals and mobile Internet is very convenient. It is an excellent choice to realize the remote teaching of pediatric imaging. It is expected to solve the problem of pediatric imaging talent training and skill dissemination.

The rules of acupoint selection of acupuncture and moxibustion for aphasia based on data mining / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the rules of acupoint selection for aphasia treated with acupuncture and moxibustion using data mining technology.@*METHODS@#From January 1, 2000 to April 1, 2022, the articles for clinical researches of acupuncture and moxibustion for aphasia published in CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, SinoMed, PubMed, EMbase were searched. Using Microsoft Excel 2021, the database was set up to analyze the use frequency of acupoint, meridian tropism, acupoint distribution and the use of specific points. SPSS26.0 was adopted for factor analysis, SPSS Modeler 18.0 was for association rule analysis of prescriptions, and Gephi 0.9.5 was to plot the co-occurrence network diagrams of acupoints and meridians.@*RESULTS@#A total of 140 articles were collated, including 146 acupuncture and moxibustion prescriptions and 189 acupoints. The total use frequency of these acupoints was 1 211. Lianquan (CV 23), Jinjin (EX-HN 12), Yuye (EX-HN 13), Baihui (GV 20) and Yamen (GV 15) were the top 5 acupoints of the high use frequency for aphasia treated with acupuncture and moxibustion. Among 189 acupoints collected, the extra points and empirical points were mostly selected. The top 3 involved meridians were the governor vessel, the gallbladder meridian of foot-shaoyang and the conception vessel. These acupoints were mostly distributed on the head, face and neck region. The use frequency of five-shu points was the highest among the specific points. The acupoint combinations of high frequency referred to Yuye (EX-HN 13)-Jinjin (EX-HN 12), Yuye (EX-HN 13)-Lianquan (CV 23)-Jinjin (EX-HN 12), and Fengchi (GB 20)-Yuye (EX-HN 13)-Jinjin (EX-HN 12). Factor analysis extracted 10 common factors for acupoint compatibility in treatment of aphasia with acupuncture and moxibustion.@*CONCLUSION@#In clinical treatment of aphasia with acupuncture and moxibustion, the local acupoints are preferred. The core acupoints include Lianquan (CV 23), Jinjin (EX-HN 12), Yuye (EX-HN 13), Baihui (GV 20) and Yamen (GV 15). The acupoint prescription is modified flexibly according to syndrome differentiation to enhance the therapeutic effect.

Preparation of Rehmanniae Radix Juice for Baihe Dihuangtang Based on UPLC-Q-TOF-MS / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo compare the four preparation methods of Rehmanniae Radix juice described in ancient literature and find the method that is most suitable for the preparation of Rehmanniae Radix juice used in Baihe Dihuangtang. MethodThe ancient medical books record four methods for preparing Rehmanniae Radix juice： crushing fresh Rehmanniae Radix for juice， steaming fresh Rehmanniae Radix for juice， boiling fresh Rehmanniae Radix for juice， and boiling dry Rehmanniae Radix for juice. Ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry （UPLC-Q-TOF-MS） was employed to detect the compounds in the four juice samples， followed by principal component analysis （PCA）. Result① Totally 27 compounds were identified in the juice samples， including 10 iridoid glycosides， 14 phenylethanoid glycosides， 2 phenolic acids， and 1 irisone. Among them， 15 common compounds were shared by the four juice samples， including 7 iridoid glycosides， 7 phenylethanoid glycosides， and 1 phenolic acid. ② Five common compounds in the four juice samples can be matched with the reference standards， which were catalpol， aucubin， rehmannioside D， ajugol， and purpureaside C. ③ Verbascoside and isoacteoside were not detected in the juice prepared by crushing fresh Rehmanniae Radix， while it was detected in the other three juice samples， which indicated that the two components were produced after heating rather than being the original components in fresh Rehmanniae Radix. ④ The comparison of the ion fragments demonstrated that verbascoside was produced from purpureaside C after the cleavage of the glycosidic bond and removal of a molecule of mannose. ⑤ Isoacteoside could be isomerized from verbascoside， and its relative content increased with the extension of heating time. However， the relative content of verbascoside and purpureaside C did not decrease significantly. Therefore， it was hypothesized that purpureaside C was produced from its upstream component. ConclusionThe juice prepared by crushing fresh Rehmanniae Radix has the chemical composition significantly different from the juice samples prepared with the other 3 methods， while the latter 3 juice samples had similar chemical composition. Although all the four methods can be used， it is more suitable to prepare Rehmanniae Radix juice by steaming fresh Rehmanniae Radix， boiling fresh Rehmanniae Radix， and boiling dry Rehmanniae Radix.

Recurrent epistaxis with coagulation disorders in a boy aged 2 years / 中国当代儿科杂志

A boy, aged 2 years and 5 months, had recurrent epistaxis, and the coagulation function examination showed that activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) was significantly prolonged. Further laboratory examinations showed that the prolonged APTT was not immediately corrected in the APTT correction test, with positive lupus anticoagulant and low prothrombin activity. The boy was diagnosed with hypoprothrombinemia-lupus anticoagulant syndrome. The condition was improved after treatment with glucocorticoid, immunoglobulin, and vitamin K1. The boy has been followed up for 6 months, and no epistaxis was observed. Prothrombin activity returned to normal, and lupus anticoagulant remained positive. This is a relatively rare disease, and for patients with bleeding symptoms and coagulation disorders, it is recommended to perform the tests such as APTT correction test, lupus anticoagulant testing, and coagulation factor dilution test, which can improve the detection rate of this disease, so as to achieve early diagnosis, provide rational treatment in the early stage, and improve the prognosis.

Biosynthesis and metabolism regulation of terpenoids in Pogostemon cablin: a review / 中国中药杂志

The terpenoids in Pogostemon cablin have complex structures and abundant pharmacological effects. Patchouli alcohol(PA) and pogostone(PO) have a high medicinal value by virtue of anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antioxidant, and other biological activities. Due to the low content of terpenoid metabolites in P. cablin, the study of biosynthesis and metabolism regulation can provide a biosynthetic basis for obtaining high-content terpenoids. In this study, key enzyme genes in biosynthesis, transcription factors in metabolism regulation, spatio-temporal expression of terpene synthase were reviewed, aiming to provide a reference for the development, protection, and utilization of P. cablin resources.

Clinical effect of multicenter multidisciplinary treatment in children with renal malignant tumors / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the long-term clinical effect of multicenter multidisciplinary treatment (MDT) in children with renal malignant tumors.@*METHODS@#A retrospective analysis was performed on the medical data of 55 children with renal malignant tumors who were diagnosed and treated with MDT in 3 hospitals in Hunan Province from January 2015 to January 2020, with GD-WT-2010 and CCCG-WT-2016 for treatment regimens. A Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to analyze the survival of the children.@*RESULTS@#Of the 55 children, 10 had stage I tumor, 14 had stage Ⅱ tumor, 22 had stage Ⅲ tumor, 7 had stage IV tumor, and 2 had stage V tumor. As for pathological type, 47 had FH type and 8 had UFH type. All children underwent complete tumor resection. Of the 55 children, 14 (25%) received preoperative chemotherapy. All children, except 1 child with renal cell carcinoma, received postoperative chemotherapy. Among the 31 children with indication for radiotherapy, 21 (68%) received postoperative radiotherapy. One child died of postoperative metastasis. The incidence rate of FH-type myelosuppression was 94.4%, and the incidence rate of UFH-type myelosuppression was 100%. The median follow-up time was 21 months and the median survival time was 26 months for all children, with an overall survival rate of 98% and an event-free survival rate of 95%.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Multicenter MDT has the advantages of high success rate of operation and good therapeutic effect of chemotherapy in the treatment of children with renal malignant tumors, with myelosuppression as the most common side effects, and radiotherapy is safe and effective with few adverse events. Therefore, MDT has good feasibility, safety, and economy.

Immune dysregulation syndrome caused by / 中国当代儿科杂志

A boy, aged 4 years and 6 months, had disease onset of fever, cough, pale complexion, and weakness, with hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenectasis, and pancytopenia. He had been having repeated respiratory and digestive tract infections. Gene detection showed a pathogenic heterozygous mutation, c.C2147 > T(p.T716M), in the

Recurrent thrombocytopenia with hemolytic anemia in a boy aged 3 years / 中国当代儿科杂志

A boy, aged 3 years and 8 months, had recurrent thrombocytopenia with hemolytic anemia for more than 3 years. The physical examination showed no enlargement of the liver, spleen, and lymph nodes or finger deformities. Laboratory results showed a negative result of the direct antiglobulin test, normal coagulation function, and increases in bilirubin, lactate dehydrogenase and reticulocytes. The results of von Willebrand factor-cleaving protease ADAMTS13 activity assay showed extreme deficiency, and antibody assay showed negative ADAMTS13 inhibitory autoantibodies. Next-generation sequence showed compound heterozygous mutation in the

Short-term effect of intensity-modulated radiotherapy for children with high-risk neuroblastoma: an analysis of 24 cases / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the efficacy and safety of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) in children with high-risk neuroblastoma (NB).@*METHODS@#A retrospective analysis was performed on the medical data of 24 children with high-risk NB who were diagnosed and treated with IMRT in the Department of Hematology and Oncology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, from April 2018 to December 2020. The medical data included age, radiotherapy dose, times of radiotherapy, laboratory examination results, adverse reactions, and survival.@*RESULTS@#All 24 children (14 boys and 10 girls) received IMRT, with a mean age of (65±23) months and a median age of 59 months. The primary tumor was located in the abdomen in 23 children and 1 child had primary tumor in the mediastinum. The median age was 41.5 months at the time of radiotherapy. The radiation dose of radiotherapy ranged from 14.4 to 36.0 Gy, with a mean dose of (22±3) Gy and a daily dose of 1.8-2.0 Gy. The radiotherapy was performed for a total number of 8-20 times, with a mean number of 11.9 times. Among these children, 6 received radiotherapy for the residual or metastatic lesion. Of all the 23 children, 3 experienced cough, 2 experienced diarrhea, and 1 experienced vomiting during radiotherapy. At 2 weeks after radiotherapy, serum creatinine ranged from 2.3 to 70.1 μmol/L and alanine aminotransferase ranged from 9.1 to 65.3 μ/L. Ten children experienced grade Ⅲ bone marrow suppression and 2 experienced grade Ⅳ bone marrow suppression 1 to 2 weeks after radiotherapy. Four children experienced grade Ⅲ bone marrow suppression and 1 experienced grade Ⅳ bone marrow suppression 3 to 4 weeks after radiotherapy. During a median follow-up time of 13.5 months, 23 children (96%) achieved stable disease and 1 died. Up to the follow-up date, second malignant tumor or abnormal organ function was not observed.@*CONCLUSIONS@#IMRT can improve the local control rate of NB. IMRT appears to be safe in the treatment of children with NB.

Distribution of hypoxia inducible factor 3A gene rsl 1672731 and rs2072491 single nucleotide polymorphisms in Guangxi Han population / 解剖学报

Objective To study the distribution of hypoxia inducible factor ( HIF ) 3A gene single nucleotide polymorphisms ( SNPs ) in Guangxi Han population and compare their distribution differences with different populations. Methods We conducted SNPscan technique to detect the genotypes of rsl 1672731 and rs2072491 on 286 Guangxi Han population included in the study and statistically analyzed the genotype and allele frequency and the HapMap-CEU, HapMap- HCB, HapMap-JPT, HapMap-GIH and HapMap-MEX data differences. Results Three genotypes, AA, AG and GG, were found in rsl 1672731 of HIF3A, with frequency of 42.7%, 45. 5% and 11. 8%, respectively, the allele frequencies of A and G were 65.5% and 34.5%, respectively. Three genotypes of CC, CT and TT, were found for rs2072491 with frequency distributions of 47.6%, 43.0% and 9.4%, respectively, the allele frequencies of C and T were 69.1% and 30.9%, respectively. There was no significant differences in genotype and allele frequencies of rsl 1672731 and rs2072491 between different genders in Guangxi Han population (P>0. 05). However, compared with the typing data of CEU, HCB, JPT, GHI, TSI and MEX from human genome project (HapMap), the genotype and allele frequencies of rsl 1672731 and rs2072491 were not significantly different from those of HCB and JPT (P>0. 05). The genotype and allele frequencies of rsl 1672731 and rs2072491 were statistically different with the date of CEU, GIH, TSI and MEX published by the HapMap (P<0.05). Conclusion The polymorphisms of HIF3A gene rsl 1672731 and rs2072491 have differences on different populations.