Nucleophosmin acetylation and construction and expression of its modified sites mutants in breast cancer / 解剖学报

Objective To determine the acetylation level of nucleophosmin(NPM)in female breast cancer and to discuss its function through mutation of modified lysine sites.To construct positive and negative NPM mutants on its acetylated lysine sites and to express them in breast cancer cells.Methods Acetylation level and acetylated lysine sites of NPM in three breast cancer tissues and para-carcinoma tissues were detected by acetylome technology;NPM mutants were constructed by site-directed mutagenesis PCR,specific PCR products were digested by DpnI and transformed into Escherichia coli(E.coli)to obtain specific plasmids for mutants;The accuracy of mutants were verified by double restriction enzyme digestion and sequencing;The mutants were expressed in BT-549 cells by transient transfection and verified by RT-PCR method.Protein expression and acetylation level of NPM were validated by Western blotting;Function of NPM acetylation was analyzed by proteomic detection and bioinformatic analysis.Results The 27th and 32nd lysine of NPM were highly acetylated in breast cancer tissues,which were 2.76 and 2.22 times higher than those in adjacent normal tissues,respectively;The NPM mutants showed the same molecular weight as that of wild type NPM and contained expected mutation sites;Corresponding NPM mRNA levels of BT-549 cells transfected with NPM mutants were significantly increased.With the increase of wild type NPM expression level,NPM acetylation level increased,while decreased after 27th lysine underwent negative mutation.NPM acetylation can significantly change the expression levels of 101 proteins in BT-549 cells,which are enriched in regulation of cellular macromolecule biosynthesis,DNA-template transcription,RNA biosynthesis and RNA metabolism process.Conclusion NPM is highly acetylated in breast cancer and can play a key role in cellular macromolecule biosynthesis,DNA-templated transcription,RNA biosynthesis and RNA metabolism process.

Research progress on the relationship between glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists and thyroid tumors / 中国糖尿病杂志

Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists(GLP-1 RAs)can improve the adverse outcomes of diabetes mellitus.It can affect the occurrence and development of thyroid C cell tumors by stimulating the abnormal proliferation of thyroid C cells and release of calcitonin in rodents.This article reviews the research progress of GLP-1 RAs and thyroid tumors.

Pathological Changes and Cause of Death Associated with the Global Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) / 法医学杂志

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been a global epidemic for more than three years, causing more than 6.9 million deaths. COVID-19 has the clinical characteristics of strong infectivity and long incubation period, and can cause multi-system damage, mainly lung damage, clinical symptoms of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and systemic multiple organ damage. The SARS-CoV-2 virus is still constantly mutating. At present, there is no global consensus on the pathological changes of COVID-19 associated deaths and even no consensus on the criteria for determining the cause of death. The investigation of the basic pathological changes and progression of the disease is helpful to guide the clinical treatment and the development of therapeutic drugs. This paper reviews the autopsy reports and related literature published worldwide from February 2020 to June 2023, with a clear number of autopsy cases and corresponding pathological changes of vital organs as the inclusion criteria. A total of 1 111 autopsy cases from 65 papers in 18 countries are included. Pathological manifestations and causes of death are classified and statistically analyzed, common pathological changes of COVID-19 are summarized, and analytical conclusions are drawn, suggesting that COVID-19 infection can cause life-threatening pathological changes in vital organs. On the basis of different health levels of infected groups, the direct cause of death is mainly severe lung damage and secondary systemic multiple organ failure.

Electroacupuncture stimulation of the head relieves motor function impairment in rats modeling cerebral palsy / 中华物理医学与康复杂志

Objective:To observe any effect of electroacupuncture in the head motor area on motor impairment and JAK2/STAT3 signaling in rats modeling cerebral palsy.Methods:Thirty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a sham operation group, a model group and an electroacupuncture group, each of 10. A model of cerebral palsy was induced in the model and electroacupuncture groups, while the sham operation group was not ligated in a sham operation. The motor functioning of all of the rats was evaluated 24h and 21d after the modeling using the Basso, Beattie Bresnahan locomotor rating scale (BBB scale). At 21d all of the rats were sacrificed and their brain tissues were collected. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to observe any pathological changes in the cerebral cortex, and fluorescence quantitative PCRs were employed to detect the mRNA expression of apoptotic gene B-cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2-associated x-protein (Bax), and cysteine-aspartate protein hydrolase-3 (Caspase-3). ELISA was used to detect the mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin-1β(IL-1β), interferon-γ(IFN-γ), and the oxidative stress indicators superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), and malondialdehyde (MDA). Western blotting was applied to detect the expression of JAK2, STAT3, p-JAK2 and p-STAT3.Results:The average BBB motor function score, Bcl-2 mRNA expression, SOD and T-AOC of the model group were all significantly lower than that of the sham-operated group at 21d. The average expression of Caspase-3 mRNA, TNF-α, IL-1β and IFN-γ, were significantly greater as were MDA content, p-JAK2, and p-STAT3 levels. The average BBB motor function score of the electroacupuncture group was significantly higher than the model group′s average, but caspase-3 mRNA expression, TNF-α, IL-1β, IFN-γ, MDA, p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 were all significantly lower.Conclusion:Electroacupuncture applied to the head motor area relieves motor function impairment in rats modeling cerebral palsy. That may be related to inhibition of the JAK2/STAT3 pathway′s activation resulting in less apoptosis, inflammation and oxidative stress.

Palmitic acid inhibits the synthesis and secretion of thyroglobulin of rat thyroid follicular epithelial cell by downregulating thyrotropin receptor / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

Objective:Exploring the role of thyrotropin receptor(TSHR) in lipotoxicity-induced thyroid function damage.Methods:Rat thyroid follicular epithelial cells(RTC) were stimulated with different doses of palmitic acid(PA), and the lipid content of the cells was observed through Oil Red O staining. The expression levels of TSH receptor(TSHR), Ttf1, and SSBP1 mRNA and protein in each group were detected using RT-PCR and Western blot. The TSHR protein level in the cell culture supernatant was measured using ELISA. Membrane TSHR was assessed through immunofluorescence and compared with the control group. We used PA to stimulate the TSHR over-expression(TSHR OE) and normal RTC, as PA+ TSHR OE group and PA group respectively, then testing Tg mRNA and protein, cAMP and Tg in cell supernatants levels, then comparing with the control.Results:RTC were stained into peau d′orange in PA groups. Compared with the control group, we found TTf1, SSBP1 and TSHR mRNA as well as protein levels in PA groups were decreased(all P<0.05), TSHR of the cell membrane and supernatants were reduced(all P<0.05), characterizing dose-dependent changes partly. Moreover, we found in PA group Tg mRNA level was downregulated( P<0.05), Tg protein levels were reduced in the supernatants and cells( P<0.05), cAMP level was decreased in cells( P<0.05); in TSHR OE group, Tg mRNA level was upregulated( P<0.05), Tg protein levels in cells and supernatants were increased(all P<0.05), cAMP level was similar. Compared with the PA group, we found in PA+ TSHR OE group Tg mRNA level was upregulated( P<0.05), Tg protein levels were increased in the supernatants and cells(all P<0.05), cAMP level was elevated in cells( P<0.05). Conclusion:PA induces lipid deposition in RTC, decreased synthesis and secretion of Tg. This effect is likely achieved through the downregulation of the TSHR/cAMP signaling pathway.

The Prognostic Value of Prognostic Nutritional Index Combined with D-dimer in Patients with Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the effects of prognostic nutritional index (PNI) combined with D-dimer on the prognosis of patients with newly diagnosed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).@*METHODS@#The clinical data of 73 DLBCL patients at initial diagnosis were retrospectively evaluated, and the optimal cut-off point of PNI and D-dimer were determined by ROC curve. The overall survival (OS) rate and progression-free survival (PFS) rate in different subgroups were compared using Kaplan-Meier survival curves. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis was performed to identify the factors associated with OS.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the low PNI group (PNI<44.775), the high PNI group (PNI≥44.775) had better OS (P =0.022) and PFS (P =0.029), the 2-year OS rates of the two groups were 55.6% and 78.3% respectively (P =0.041). Compared with the high D-dimer group (D-dimer≥0.835), the low D-dimer group (D-dimer<0.835) had better OS (P <0.001) and PFS (P <0.001), the 2-year OS rates of the two groups were 51.4% and 86.8% respectively (P =0.001). Meanwhile, patients in the high PNI+ low D-dimer group had better OS (P =0.003) and PFS (P <0.001) than the other three groups, the 2-year OS rate was statistically different from the other three groups (P <0.05). The multivariate analysis revealed that NCCN-IPI (HR =2.083, 95%CI : 1.034-4.196, P =0.040), PNI (HR =0.267, 95%CI : 0.076-0.940, P =0.040) and PNI+D-dimer (HR =9.082, 95%CI : 1.329-62.079, P =0.024) were the independent risk factors affecting OS in patients with DLBCL. Subgroup analysis showed that PNI, D-dimer, and PNI combined with D-dimer could improve the prognostic stratification in low and low-intermediate risk DLBCL patients.@*CONCLUSION@#High PNI, low D-dimer and combination of high PNI and low D-dimer at initial diagnosis suggest a better prognosis in DLBCL patients.

A novel mouse model simulating transurethral laser vaporization prostatectomy / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common disease in elderly men, and transurethral laser prostatectomy (TULP) has been widely used in the clinic to remove bladder outlet obstruction caused by BPH. Previous animal models for wound repair after prostatectomy have many limitations, and there have been no previous reports of a mouse model of TULP. Therefore, this study aimed to establish a novel mouse model of TULP. Twelve healthy adult Kunming (KM) mice received transurethral laser vaporization prostatectomy with a 200-μm thulium laser. The mice were sacrificed, and wound specimens from the prostatic urethra and bladder neck were harvested at 1 day, 3 days, 5 days, and 7 days after surgery. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and immunohistochemistry were applied to confirm the establishment of the mouse TULP model. One day after the surgery, urothelium expressing uroplakin (UPK) was absent in the urethral wound site, and a large number of necrotic tissues were found in the wound site. There was no UPK-positive urothelium in the wound 3 days after surgery. At 5 days after surgery, monolayer urothelium expressing UPK was found in the wound site, indicating that the re-epithelization of the wound had been completed. On the 7th day after surgery, there were multiple layers of urothelium with UPK expression, indicating that the repair was completed. It is feasible to establish a mouse TULP model by using a microcystoscope system and a 200-μm thulium laser.

Association of sexually transmitted infection with semen quality in men from couples with primary and secondary infertility / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

This study aims to compare the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) with semen quality in men from couples with primary and secondary infertility. Semen samples were collected from 133 men who requested fertility evaluation. Seminal tract infection with Ureaplasma spp. (UU), Mycoplasma hominis (MH), Mycoplasma genitalium (MG), Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), and herpes simplex virus-2 (HSV-2) was assessed by PCR-based diagnostic assays. Among all patients, the prevalence of STIs was higher in men from couples with primary infertility than that in men from couples with secondary infertility (39.7% vs 21.7%, P = 0.03). The prevalence of UU was 28.8% and 13.3% in men from couples with primary and secondary infertility, respectively. Men from couples with primary infertility were more likely to be positive for UU than men from couples with secondary infertility (P = 0.04). Regarding the UU subtype, the prevalence of Ureaplasma urealyticum (Uuu) and Ureaplasma parvum (Uup; including Uup1, Uup3, Uup6, and Uup14) did not differ between the two groups. No associations between the prevalence rates of MH, MG, and CT were found in men from either infertility group. A lower sperm concentration was associated with STI pathogen positivity in men with primary infertility according to the crude model (P = 0.04). The crude and adjusted models showed that semen volume (both P = 0.03) and semen leukocyte count (both P = 0.02) were independently associated with secondary infertility. These findings suggest the importance of classifying the type of infertility during routine diagnosis of seminal tract infections.

Mechanisms of histone methylation and acetylation modifying enzymes in ovarian cancer and therapeutic advances / 中国临床药理学与治疗学

Ovarian cancer is the most malignant gynecologic malignancy. In recent years, histone modifying enzymes (HMEs) have been widely studied as an important part of epigenetic modifi-cations in ovarian cancer. Histone modifying enzymes, including histone methyltransferases and demethylases, histone acetyltransferases and deacetylases, play an important role in the prolif-eration and migration of ovarian cancer cells by modifying histone and non-histone proteins, and can regulate the development of chemoresistance. Inhibitors of various histone modifying enzymes play good anti-tumor effects in ovarian cancer by promoting cell growth arrest and apoptosis, inhibi¬ting tumor cell invasion, and increasing chemo¬therapy sensitivity, and are expected to be a new strategy for precision treatment of ovarian cancer. Therefore, this paper will review the mechanism of action and therapeutic potential of histone modifying enzymes involved in methylation and acetylation processes in ovarian cancer.

Development and prospect of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Sultanate of Oman / 国际中医中药杂志

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has become an important part of the health system in the Sultanate of Oman. Although there is no independent law, the local health department has implemented the administrative measures such as the admittance assessment system of TCM doctors and the standardized examination and approval of TCM clinics. The development of TCM in the Sultanate of Oman is supported by the policies of the two governments, with the characteristics likemedical cooperation starting with high-level personnel, the cooperation in economy, trade and medical treatment, TCM and local traditional medicine showing inclusive with good base, and the advantages of TCM theory and treatment meeting the needs of the local medical market. The prospect of cooperation in TCM market is broad. It is suggested that the local government should promote the legislation of traditional medicine and improve the admittance system of practitioners. China needs to promote the formulation of international standards of TCM and optimize the cooperation platform of TCM by using Internet and other technologies. The practitioners in China need to carry out medical activities on the premise of understanding and respecting the local cultural background.In order to promote the development of TCM in Arab countries, the Sultanate of Oman will radiate the whole Middle East through the above strategies.

The Influence of CONUT Score on the Prognosis of Patients with Multiple Myeloma / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the influence of controlling nutritional status (CONUT) score on the prognosis of newly diagnosed patients with multiple myeloma (MM).@*METHODS@#The clinical data 119 patients with MM who were diagnosed according to the international myeloma diagnostic criteria in Lanzhou University Second Hospital from April 2010 to October 2018 were collected and retrospectively analyzed. The relationship between clinical indexes, including age, sex, MM type, absolute lymphocyte count (ALC), absolute neutrophil count (ANC), absolute monocyte count (AMC), hemoglobin (Hb), platelet (PLT), β@*RESULTS@#Compared with high-scoring group, low-scoring group had a better OS ［median OS was 43.3 months and 127.67 months, respectively, 95% confidence interval (CI): 57.065-78.345, P=0.038］. At the same time, the low-scoring group also had higher level of ALC, ANC, AMC, Hb, PLT, ALB, and CHO but lower of GLO. Multivariate survival analysis showed that age (HR=1.027, 95%CI: 1.000-1.054, P=0.048), AMC (HR=11.284, 95%CI: 22.968-42.897, P<0.001), CONUT score (HR=1.198, 95%CI: 1.036-1.385, P=0.015), M protein (non-IgG/IgG type) type (HR=0.503, 95%CI: 0.259-0.977, P=0.043) were independent factors affecting the prognosis of MM patients.@*CONCLUSION@#The CONUT score as an immune-nutrition score is a convenient and easy-to-obtain index to effectively predict the prognosis of MM patients.

Studies on efficacy of a bioabsorbable steroid-eluting sinus stent in the frontal sinus opening of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective: To assess the efficacy of a bioabsorbable steroid-eluting sinus stent in improving surgical outcomes when placed in the frontal sinus ostium (FSO) following full endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) in patients with whole group chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). Methods: Patients with whole group CRSwNP who had similar lesions on bilateral sinus between September 2019 and March 2020 in Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Changhai Hospital were chosen. Patients with CRSwNP who underwent extended ESS were randomly assigned to receive a steroid-eluting sinus stent in one FSO whereas the contralateral side received surgery alone. Endoscopic evaluations recorded at 30, 90 days postoperative were graded by an independent assessment panel to assess the need for interventions in the FSO. Semi-quantitative data with CT and endoscopic score were performed by rank sum test. The need for postoperative intervention and the patency rate of FSO were analyzed using the McNemar test. Results: Thirty-one patients with whole group CRSwNP met all eligible criteria, including 17 males and 14 females, with the age of (44.5±11.8) years(x¯±s). Stents were successfully placed in one FSO of all patients. At 30 days post-ESS, the assessment panel reported that steroid-eluting stents reduced the need for postoperative interventions by 41.0% (χ2=5.314,P=0.021), the need for oral steroid interventions by 40.0% (χ2=4.133,P=0.042) and the need for surgical interventions by 74.8% (χ2=4.292,P=0.038) compared to control sinuses with no stents. Clinical surgeons also reported greater diameter of FSO compared to control sinuses at 30 days post-ESS (74.2% vs 48.4%, χ2=4.351, P=0.037). These results at 90 days post-ESS were consistent with those at 30 days post-ESS. Conclusion: Bioabsorbable steroid-eluting sinus stents in the FSO can reduce polyp formation, adhesion, and the need for postoperative interventions in FSO of CRSwNP patients and improve the early postoperative outcomes.

High protein acetylation/succinylation levels and their correlation with high histone 2AX expression level in breast cancer / 解剖学报

Objective To explore the protein acetylation/succinylation and histone 2AX (H2AX) expression levels in breast cancer, as well as their correlation. Methods By Western blotting and RT-PCR methods to detect the protein modification and H2AX expression levels in 11 breast cancer tissues and cells, as well as to explore the common regulation way of protein acetylation and succinylation by treatment of histone deacetylase inhibitors ; To study the relationship between H2AX expression level and protein modification level through the construction and over-expression of indicated plasmids. Results Compared with the adjacent normal tissues, there existed an increase protein acetylation/succinylation levels in breast cancer tissues, and the protein acetylation and succinylation were both regulated by histone deacetylase (HDAC) members. The H2AX mRNA and protein expression levels were increased both in breast cancer cell and tissues, its expression level and the expression and modification level of represented protein nucleophosmin 1(NPM1) showed a positive correlation. Conclusion The breast cancer possesses a characteristic of high protein acetylation/succinylation levels and high H2AX expression level, the H2AX expression level and the modification level of partial proteins in breast cancer have a positive correlation.

Knockdown of IOP1 Induces Premature Senescence in Primary HUVECs / 中国生物化学与分子生物学报

Iron-only hydrogenase-like protein 1 (IOP1) is a component of the cytosolic iron-sulfur protein assembly (CIA) machinery. IOP1 has been suggested to be a negative regulator of the hypoxia-inducible transcription factor 1(HIF-1). We previously reported that loss of one copy of NAR1 (the yeast homolog of IOP1) in diploid yeast cells leads to increased sensitivity to oxidative stress and decreased replicative lifespan‚ however‚ the underlying mechanism is still unclear. Recently‚ we found that the IOP1 protein was upregulated in late-passaged primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) compared with that in early-passaged primary HUVECs‚ which indicated a potential association of IOP1 with cellular senescence. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential function of IOP1 in aging in mammalian cells. The primary HUVECs were transfected with IOP1-specific siRNA and subjected to premature senescence assays. We found that IOP1 knockdown leads to premature senescence and decreased cell proliferative ability (P < 0. 01) in primary HUVECs. Further studies revealed that downregulation of IOP1 resulted in upregulated ROS levels (P < 0. 01)‚ enhanced DNA damage (P<0. 05) and decreased mitochondrial respiration (P<0. 01) along with cell cycle arrest at the G

Value of visual analysis and SUVR during 18F-AV45 PET/CT imaging in the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer′s disease / 中华核医学与分子影像杂志

Objective:To evaluate the value of visual analysis and standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) during 18F-florbetapir (AV45) PET/CT brain imaging in diagnosis of β-amyloid (Aβ) deposition in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer′s disease (AD), and to explore the clinical ancillary value of the two indexes. Methods:From December 2018 to July 2019, a total of 47 subjects, including 5 (3 males, 2 females, age (58±13) years) normal controls (NC), 8 (2 males, 6 females, age (66±10) years) patients with AD and 34 (16 males, 18 females, age (70±7) years) patients with MCI were enrolled. All subjects underwent 18F-AV45 PET/CT scan. All images were evaluated by visual analysis and SUVR were calculated. The diagnostic efficiencies of visual analysis and SUVR were compared by McNemar test and Kappa test. One-way analysis of variance and Welch test were used to compare data differences. The best threshold value of SUVR was obtained by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results:The positive rate of Aβ deposition for all subjects was 46.81%(22/47) by SUVR analysis, and 38.30%(18/47) by visual analysis. There was no significant difference between the two methods ( χ2=33.15, P>0.05), and the consistency was good ( Kappa=0.83). Considering the clinical diagnosis as the"gold standard", the Aβ deposition obtained by visual analysis and SUVR analysis can effectively distinguish AD from NC, and the sensitivities were 7/8 vs 8/8, respectively, both specificities were 5/5( χ2=9.48, P>0.05), with good consistency ( Kappa=0.84). SUVR quantitative analysis could distinguish AD from NC, AD from MCI ( F values: 3.99-8.79, all P<0.01), but could not distinguish NC from MCI (all P>0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that the best threshold value of precuneus′ SUVR was 1.08 for the differential diagnosis of AD and NC; for the differential diagnosis of AD and MCI, the best threshold value of lateral temporal′s SUVR was 1.06. Conclusion:Visual analysis was consistent with SUVR′s qualitative determination during 18F-AV45 PET/CT imaging for brain Aβ deposition, while SUVR quantitative analysis could assist in the differential diagnosis of AD and NC, AD and MCI.

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 infected patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

Objective:To observe the main clinical features and outcomes of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients after infection with COVID-19 and to compare them with those without diabetes mellitus.Methods:A single-center retrospective observational study was conducted in 88 in-patients who were diagnosed as COVID-19 from January 1 to February 26, 2020. They were divided into diabetic group and non-diabetic group, with 44 patients in each group. Patients′ medical history, laboratory examination, in-hospital treatment plan, and disease outcome were collected and compared.Results:The clinical symptoms of diabetic patients were varied, mainly fever(75.0%), cough(75.0%), fatigue(52.3%), and so on. The systolic blood pressure(SBP)was higher [131.50(120.00, 140.75) vs 125.00(120.00, 131.75)mmHg, 1 mmHg=0.133 kPa, P=0.021] and the oxygenation was lower [96.00%(94.25%, 97.00%) vs 97.00%(95.00%, 98.00%), P=0.038] at admission compared with the non-diabetic group. Hypertension and chronic kidney disease were more common in diabetic group. Fasting blood glucose [7.64(6.12, 15.43) vs 5.62(5.25, 6.50)mmol/L, P<0.01], interleukin-6(IL-6)[19.85(6.50, 43.38) vs 10.80(3.03, 20.90)pg/ml, P=0.046] in diabetic group were significantly higher than those in non-diabetic group. Secondary infection(27.3% vs 9.1%, P=0.027), ARDS(22.7% vs 4.5%, P=0.013)and shock(4.5% vs 0%, P<0.01)were more likely to occur in the diabetic group. More patients were treated with mechanical ventilation in the diabetic group(20.5% vs 4.5%, P=0.024). The diabetes group was more likely to progress to critical type(20.5% vs 4.5%, P=0.024), and the time to progress to critical state was shorter [3(1.75, 5.25) vs 6(3.00, 12.00)d, P=0.019). The duration of severe symptoms was longer in the diabetic group [26.5(15.00, 31.50) vs 9(8.00, 13.00)d, P=0.026]. Conclusion:The clinical symptoms of type 2 diabetes patients with COVID-19 are diverse. They are often combined with diseases such as hypertension and chronic kidney disease. The inflammatory reaction is more obvious and has more COVID-19 related complications and is more likely to progress into a persistent severe condition in a short time.

Isolation and Identification of Chemical Constituents from Ethanol Extract of Camptosorus sibiricus / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To study the chemical constituents in 95%ethanol extract of the whole plant of Camptosorus sibiricus and determine its antioxidant activity. Method:Compounds were isolated by a combination of various chromato-graphic techniques, including column chromatography over silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 and reversed-phase HPLC. Their structures were identified on the basis of physicochemical properties and spectral data reported in the literature. Result:Eleven compounds were identified as trans-p-coumaric acid (1),trans-p-coumaric acid 4-O-β-D-glucoside (2),cis-p-coumaric acid 4-O-β-D-glucoside (3),(E)-ferulic acid-4-O-β-D-glucoside (4),caffeic acid methyl ester (5),ferulic acid methyl ester (6),syringic acid (7),syringic acid-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (8),protocatechualdehyde (9),vanillain (10) and syringaldehyde (11),respectively. Conclusion:Compounds 3-11 are isolated from the genus Camptosorus for the first time. In the in vitro SOD-like activity assays,compounds 7,9-11 show an antioxidant activity with half maximal inhibitory concentration(IC50)values of 16.70,11.70,12.23 and 13.52 μmol·L-1,respectively.

Traditional Application of Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus, a traditional Chinese medicine with dual-purpose of drug and food, has a long history of cultivation and application, showing high medicinal, dietetic, ornamental and economic values. Many modern researches have been conducted on the extraction technology, chemical constituents, quality standards and biological activities, but the herbal textual researches were relatively insufficient. The related records of Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus in the ancient Chinese medicinal classics were ambiguous and confusing. By referring to ancient Chinese medicinal classics and modern books, the textual researches of Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus, including the names, plant morphology, origin, medicinal properties, efficiency and application were systematically reviewed and analyzed in this paper, in order to provide the basis for the confirmation of original source of Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus. The results showed that Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus was usually recorded as ‘Xiangyuan’ ‘Juyuan’ ‘Ganyuan’ ‘Xiangyuan’ ‘Foshougan’ etc. in ancient books. After the Ming and Qing dynasties, it became clear that ‘Xiangyuan’ was equivalent to ‘Juyuan’, but different from ‘Foshougan’. Therefore, these two species were recorded separately. From the ancient times to the present day, Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus was always mainly distributed in south of the Yangtze River, such as Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, and Jiangxi provinces. Ancient records and modern reports basically have the same understanding on properties, efficacies and indications of Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus, considering it was warm in nature with the effectiveness of soothing liver, relieving pain, eliminating dampness and resolving phlegm. ‘Baking it into powder on new tiles’ and ‘steaming’ were the traditional processing methods. The description of ‘The longer of storage period, the better of the effect’ was occasionally recorded. These results provide theoretical references for the further study, resource development and comprehensive application of Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus.

Study on promoter methylation of PCDHA13 gene and breast cancer development / 医学研究生学报

Objective The mechanisms of PCDHA13 promoter methylation in breast cancer have not yet been elucidated at present. This study was to investigate the role of PCDHA13 gene promoter methylation in the development of breast cancer.Methods The methylation state of PCDHA13 gene promoter in human breast cancer tissues was detected by MassARRAY mass spectrum methylation sequencing. 100μmol/L 5-Aza was prepared with culture medium. The ZR-75-1 cells with 60% cell confluence were added to the final concentration of 5 μmol/L(low concentration group) and 10 μmol/L(high concentration group) 5-Aza, and the control group was only added culture medium. Detection of methylation status of PCDHA13 gene promoter in human breast cancer cells by bisulfite sequencing and methylation-specific PCR, and analysis of methylation status and mRNA expression of PCDHA13 gene by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. Western blot, MTT and DAPI staining were used to detect the effect of 5-Aza treatment on proliferation and apoptosis of breast cancer ZR-75-1 cells.Results The methylation degree of PCDHA13 gene promoter in the 1, 4-6, 9, 10 and 11 CpG loci in breast cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in normal breast group \[(0.2639±0.1575) vs (0.1612±0.1706), (0.2509±0.1377) vs (0.1688±0.0992), (0.4204±0.2087) vs (0.2621±0.1731), (0.3761±0.1407) vs (0.2824±0.1486), (0.3922±0.1294) vs (0.3072±0.1496)\], and the difference was statistically significant (P0.05). The expression of PCDHA13 mRNA of ZR-75-1 cells was loss in control group, but the expression of PCDHA13 mRNA was reversed after treated with 5-Aza, and the expression of PCDHA13 mRNA was significantly higher in high concentration group than that in low concentration group(P>0.05). After treated with 5-Aza for 24, 48 and 72 hours, the growth inhibition rates were lower in low concentration group than that in high concentration group (P>0.05). The morphology of the nuclei was basically normal and there was no apoptosis occurred in ZR-75-1 cells. But after treated with 5-Aza, some ZR-75-1 cells showed nuclear condensation, chromatin agglutination and heavy coloration.Conclusion This study showed that the low expression or loss of mRNA is associated with hypermethylation of the PCDHA13 gene promoter in breast carcinoma. The PCHDA13 gene expression can be reversed by 5-Aza in ZR-75-1 cells. The re-expression of PCHAD13 not only inhibit the proliferation of cells, but also promote apoptosis. Abnormal methylation of PCDHA13 may become a potential tumor marker for breast cancer.

Improving rational use of antimicrobial agents by infection prevention and control / 中国感染控制杂志

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of infection prevention and control measures on the management of rational use of antimicrobial agents.Methods Patients who were admitted in a hospital from 2011 to 2015 were as the research object,a series of infection prevention and control intervention measure were taken,efficacy of intervention measures were evaluated.Results After the implementation of comprehensive intervention measures,compliance rate of hand hygiene increased year by year,from 38.17 ％ in 2011 to 87.16 ％ in 2015,difference was statistically significant (x2 =48.50,P＜0.05).Incidence of healthcare-associated infection dropped from 1.45％ to 1.06％,difference was statistically significant (x2 =42.50,P＜0.05);antimicrobial use density in 2011-2015 were 63.1,44.4,40.0,40.8,and 40.5 respectively,which showed a decreasing tendency.Conclusion Effective infection prevention and control measures have obvious effect on promoting management of rational use of antimicrobial agents,it is helpful for reducing the clinical use density of antimicrobial agents.