الملخص
Objective To analyse the pathway of infection,risk factors,clinical characteristics and pathogenic bacteria distribution of neonatal sepsis.Methods Eighty-eight neonatal with sepsis were enrooled from January 2006 to December 2011 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Lanzhou University.According to disease stage,they were divided into early-onset sepsis group and late-onset sepsis groups.Results Respiratory infections in two groups was the majority (44.7％ vs.46.0％),and there was no significant difference (P =0.906).That premature birth,low birth weight infant,amniotic fluid pollution and asphyxia were risk factors for early-onset sepsis.The most common clinical characteristics in early-onset sepsis were eating less milk(57.9％,22/38) and had fever of the late-onset sepsis(42.0％,21/50).Forty-one cases were with positive blood culture and the rate was 46.6％ (41/88),the blood culture specimens were mainly Gram-positive bacteria in two group (75.0％ (15/20),90.4％ (19/21)).The most common pathogenic bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus and Coagulase-negative staphylococci.Conclusion Premature birth,low birth weight,meconium,asphyxia are risk factors of early onset neonatal sepsis.Early-onset sepsis often shows poor feeding,and late-onset sepsis in children prone to be fever.The common pathogenic germ of early-onset and late-onset sepsis are Grampositivebacteria,Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci common.As for neonate with highrisk factors,clinical features of early pathologic examination should be performed in order to further clarify the diagnosis and taking clinical therapy.
الملخص
Objective To evaluate the accuracy of thoracic pedicle screw placement using the "funnel technique" and investigate its consistency in experimental study and clinical application.Methods The clinical data of three human cadavers and 11 patients with the installation of at least one thoracic pedicle screw at T1 -T12 from August 2006 to July 2008 were retrospectively analyzed. One junior spine surgeon lack of experience were responsible for placing these screws with the "funnel technique".The accuracy of screw placement and the complications related to the use of thoracic pedicle screws were analyzed by assessing postoperative CT scans. Results The mean follow-up time was 23.1 months,which showed no vascular or visceral complications, or iatrogenic neurological injury. The rate of unintended cortex perforations was 14% (10/72) in cadavers and 15% (8/55) in patients, respectively.The critical perforation occurred in two screws (3%) in cadavers and one screw (2%) in patients. There was no statistical difference between the percentage of cortex perforations in cadavers and patients. Of all the 11 patients, screw violation occurred laterally in six ( 11% ), medially in one ( 2% ) and superiorly in one (2%). No violations occurred inferiorly or anteriorly. For all patients, only one screw needed revision. The perforations made by the junior spine surgeon occurred in six screws in the first cadaver, three in the second cadaver and one in the third cadaver. Conclusions The "funnel technique" is a simple,safe, accurate and cost-effective technique for pedicle screw placement. The result of the experimental study is consistent with that of the clinical application. "funnel technique" is helpful for junior spine surgeons to master the technique of thoracic pedicle screw placement.
الملخص
Objective To study the change of glycogen phosphorylase isoenzyme BB(GPBB)in neonates with asphyxia complicated with myocardial injury and its correlation with various perinatal factors. Methods Sixty-four neonates with asphyxia(including 39 mild asphyxia and 25 severe asphyxiated neonates,30 neonates with and 34 without myocardial injures)were enrolled and 25 healthy neonates were studied as control. The plasma levels of GPBB were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). Myocardial enzymes,cardiac troponin I,electrocardiogram,chest X-ray were performed simultaneously. Results The plasma GPBB levels were significantly higher in neonates with myocardial injury(13.84,7.57 ng/ml)than those without myocardial injury(4.97,3.24 ng/ml)and control group(4.95,1.99 ng/ml)( P ＜ 0.01). The sensitivities of GPBB,cTnI and CK-MB in diagnosing myocardial injury were 90%,66.7% and 83.3%,respectively. The sensitivity of GPBB was significantly higher than that of cTnI(χ~2 ＝ 4.812,P ＜ 0.05),with no statistical difference between GPBB and CK-MB(χ~2 ＝ 0.577,P ＞ 0.05). The specificities of GPBB,cTnI and CK-MB in diagnosing myocardial injury were 88.2%,91.2% and 67.6%,respectively. The specificity of GPBB was significantly higher than that of CK-MB(χ~2 ＝ 4.191,P ＜ 0.05),with no statistical difference between GPBB and cTnI(χ~2 ＝ 0.159,P ＞ 0.05). Plasma GPBB levels were significantly higher in neonates with severe asphyxia(14.67,6.09 ng/ml)than those with mild asphyxia(5.61,3.56 ng/ml)and control group(P ＜ 0.01). GPBB levels were higher in mildly asphyxiated neonates than those in control neonates,but with no statistical significance(P ＞ 0.05). Spearman rank correlation analysis showed that plasma GPBB levels positively correlated with the cloudiness of the amniotic fluid(r ＝ 0.500,P ＜ 0.001)and negatively correlated with Apgar score(r ＝ -0.520,P ＜ 0.001). Conclusions This study indicated that GPBB can be used as an ideal biomarker of myocardial ischemia injury in neonates with asphyxia. The determination of GPBB in early neonatal period is useful in detecting and assessing the severity of myocardial injury.
الملخص
To study the mechanism of Shenkangling (SKL), a compound traditional Chinese herbal medicine, combined with prednisone in treating adriamycin-induced nephropathy in rats.
الملخص
Objective To study the relationship between serum level of homocysteic acid(Hcy)and type 2 diabetic mellitus(T2DM),and to explore the influencing factors serum for Hey level in T2DM patients.Methods Totally T2DM 122 patients(T2DM group),67 patients with chronic kidney diease(CKD group)and 50 healthy controls(CON group)were enrolled in the investigation.The variation of serum Hcy of all groups was observed,and the correlation of serum Hcy level with estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR),fasting serum glucose,HbA1C,Urea and creatinine was analyzed.Serum Hcy was measured by enzymatic cycling assay;HbA1C was measured by high-pressure liquid chromatography assay;and eGFR was calculated by using the Levey-modified Modification of Diet in Renal Disease formula.Results There was no significant difference in serum level of Hcy between T2DM group and CON group(P＞0.05).The serum concentration of Hey was significantly higher in CKD group than that of T2DM group and CON group(P＜0.01).There was only 8.20% exceeding the upper limit of 95% of CON group in T2DM group,while 64.18% exceeding the upper limit of 95% of CON group in CKD group.There was no significant difference of Hcy level between patients with eGFR≥90 mL·(min·1.73 m2)-1 in T2DM group and healthy controls(P＞0.05),but the Hey level was significantly higher in patients with eGFR＜90 mL·(min·1.73 m2)-1 than that of healthy controls(P＜0.05).In T2DM group and CKD group,serum Hey level was negatively correlative to eGFR(P＜0.01).positively correlative to Urea and creatinine(P＜0.01);but serum Hcy level did not correlate with fasting serum glucose,HbA1C,total cholesterol and triglyceride(P＞0.05).Conclusion Renal function is an independent risk factor for serum homocysteine level in type 2 diabetes rather than diabetes itself.
الملخص
In developing excellent courses on pediatrics,it is proved that improving teaching content and enhancing the building of the teaching staff,adopting effective theoretical and practical teaching and building a sound and guaranteed monitoring system of the teaching quality will have a better teaching effect.