A case analysis of liver injury induced by gefitinib / 药物流行病学杂志

A 68-year-old male patient with malignant left lung tumor was treated with gefitinib(250 mg,po,qd)for 29 days.Liver function test results showed AST 310 U·L-1,ALT 493 U·L-1,AKP 100 U·L-1,TBil 18 μmol·L-1,GGT 60 U·L-1,INR 1.81.Several liver function indicators of the patient showed abnormal,which was consistent with the clinical manifestations of moderate liver injury.The liver function index of the patient improved after the doctor adopted the suggestion of clinical pharmacists to protect the liver.Clinical pharmacists made a comprehensive and dynamic assessment of the patient's condition,analyzed the correlation between the patient's liver injury and gefitinib,and judged that the patient's liver injury was likely caused by gefitinib.Clinical pharmacists analyzed the drug use of a blind trial patient,proposed the follow-up treatment plan,and discussed the blind trial drugs,which provided references for clinical safe and rational drug use and had important reference significance.

Analysis of influencing factors and treatment experience of early postoperative complications after radical resection of congenital choledochal cyst in a single center / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective:To explore the influencing factors of early postoperative complications after radical resection of congenital choledochal cyst (CCC) in a single center and provide some clinical basis and guidance for reducing postoperative complications.Methods:Case control study.Clinical data of 124 children (29 boys and 95 girls) with CCC diagnosed and radically treated at the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University from September 2010 to October 2019 were analyzed.According to postoperative complications (bile leakage, gastrointestinal anastomotic fistula, bleeding, incision dehiscence, cholangitis, abdominal infection, pancreatitis, and lymphatic fistula), these children were divided into the complication group (group A) and non-complication group (group B). Age, laboratory indicators[preoperative white blood cell (WBC) count, hemoglobin, glutamic pyruvic transaminase, prealbumin, and postoperative albumin], and clinical factors, such as operation method, operation time, intraoperative blood loss, cyst type, cyst diameter, hepatic duct diameter, abdominal operation history, biliary sludge and calculus, hepatic duct anatomic variation, and pancreaticobiliary maljunction were statistically analyzed between the two groups.The t-test was performed for normal distribution of the measurement data, and the non-parametric rank sum test for non-normal distribution.Multivariate analysis was made using Logistic regression. Results:Among the 124 children, 25(20.16%) had complications, and 99(79.84%) had no complications.Bile leakage occurred in 14 children (11.29%), of whom 7 received operation again and 7 received conservative treatment.Gastrointestinal anastomotic fistula occurred in 2 children (1.61%), of whom 1 was re-operated and 1 was cured conservatively.One child (0.81%) was complicated with bleeding and cured by re-operation.Two children (1.61%) were complicated with incision dehiscence, of whom 1 was cured by re-operation and 1 was cured by conservative treatment.Cholangitis in 2 children (1.61%), abdominal infection in 2 children (1.61%), pancreatitis in 1 child (0.81%), and lymphatic fistula in 1 child (0.81%) were all conservatively cured.No significant difference was found in non-normal distribution indicators-age and WBC count-between the two groups (all P>0.05). Blood loss volume and cyst diameter were significantly different between the two groups (all P<0.05). Postoperative albumin[(27.84±4.62) g/L vs.(32.45±3.72) g/L] meeting the normal distribution showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups ( t=5.254, P<0.05). Logistic multivariate regression analysis suggested that preoperative anemia ( OR=7.922, 95% CI: 1.468-42.757) and biliary sludge and calculus ( OR=1.295, 95% CI: 1.075-4.359) were independent risk factors for postoperative complications; postoperative albumin ( OR=0.055, 95% CI: 0.012-0.244) was a protective factor for postoperative complications, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). Conclusions:The larger the cyst diameter, the more the intraoperative bleeding, and the higher the risk of operation.Treating anemia before operation, clearing sludge in the hepatic duct during operation, reducing bleeding, and strengthening the monitoring of albumin and hemoglobin during the perioperative period can prevent and reduce early complications after radical resection of CCC in children.

Value of MRI biliary score and liver/muscle ratio in evaluating the pathological grade of liver fibrosis / 临床肝胆病杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the value of biliary score and hepatic signal intensity-to-muscle signal intensity ratio （HMR） obtained by multiphase contrast-enhanced MRI scan using Gd-EOB-DTPA in evaluating the pathological grade of liver fibrosis. MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed for the MRI and clinical data of 51 patients with chronic hepatitis B liver fibrosis in Wuming Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi Medical University from January 2020 to May 2023. The 51 patients with liver fibrosis were divided into low-grade group （S1-S2） and high-grade group （S3-S4）. GE Architact 3.0T MR scanner was used to perform MRI scans， including routine plain scan and contrast-enhanced scan at arterial phase， portal venous phase， delayed phase， hepatobiliary phase， and excretory phase， and biliary score and HMR were measured for the patients with different grades of liver fibrosis. The t-test was used for comparison of continuous data between groups， and the chi-square test or the Fisher’s exact test was used for comparison of categorical data between groups. The receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve was plotted to evaluate the value of MRI indicators in determining the pathological grade of liver fibrosis. ResultsAmong the 51 patients with liver fibrosis， there were 30 patients in the low-grade group and 21 in the high-grade group. Compared with the high-grade group， the low-grade group had significantly higher biliary score （3.67±0.55 vs 2.57±0.75， t=6.05， P<0.001） and HMR at portal venous phase （2.38±0.76 vs 1.97±0.18， t=2.41， P=0.020）， delayed phase （2.48±0.70 vs 1.99±0.27， t=3.09， P=0.003）， and hepatobiliary phase （4.10±0.63 vs 3.16±0.47， t=5.81， P<0.001）. The above indicators had an area under the ROC curve （AUC） of 0.86， 0.79， 0.82， and 0.88， respectively， in distinguishing low- and high-grade liver fibrosis， with a positive rate of 70%， 63.3%， 83.3%， and 96.7%， respectively， and a negative rate of 90%， 95.2%， 74.1%， and 100%， respectively， in the diagnosis of high-grade liver fibrosis. Biliary score combined HMR had an AUC of 0.95， with a positive rate of 85.7% and a negative rate of 96.7%. ConclusionBiliary score and HMR at hepatobiliary phase obtained by multiphase contrast-enhanced MRI scan using Gd-EOB-DTPA has a relatively high diagnostic efficacy in distinguishing between low- and high-grade liver fibrosis and a certain guiding value for the diagnosis and treatment of liver fibrosis in clinical practice.

Melanogenesis of quality markers in Vernonia anthelmintica Injection based on UPLC-Q-TOF-MS combined network pharmacology / 中国中药杂志

This study aimed to evaluate the biological effect and mechanism of Vernonia anthelmintica Injection(VAI) on melanin accumulation. The in vivo depigmentation model was induced by propylthiouracil(PTU) in zebrafish, and the effect of VAI on melanin accumulation was evaluated based on the in vitro B16F10 cell model. The chemical composition of VAI was identified according to the high-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole-time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS). Network pharmaco-logy was applied to predict potential targets and pathways of VAI. A "VAI component-target-pathway" network was established, and the pharmacodynamic molecules were screened out based on the topological characteristics of the network. The binding of active molecules to key targets was verified by molecular docking. The results showed that VAI promoted tyrosinase activity and melanin production in B16F10 cells in a dose-and time-dependent manner and could restore the melanin in the body of the zebrafish model. Fifty-six compounds were identified from VAI, including flavonoids(15/56), terpenoids(10/56), phenolic acids(9/56), fatty acids(9/56), steroids(6/56), and others(7/56). Network pharmacological analysis screened four potential quality markers, including apigenin, chrysoeriol, syringaresinol, and butein, involving 61 targets and 65 pathways, and molecular docking verified their binding to TYR, NFE2L2, CASP3, MAPK1, MAPK8, and MAPK14. It was found that the mRNA expression of MITF, TYR, TYRP1, and DCT in B16F10 cells was promoted. By UPLC-Q-TOF-MS and network pharmacology, this study determined the material basis of VAI against vitiligo, screened apigenin, chrysoeriol, syringaresinol, and butein as the quality markers of VAI, and verified the efficacy and internal mechanism of melanogenesis, providing a basis for quality control and further clinical research.

Construction of formative assessment information platform of standardized residency training / 中华医学教育探索杂志

In this study, we designed a core competency-oriented formative assessment system for standardized residency training. A formative assessment information platform was established according to this formative assessment system. We described the business process design in detail and how to use information technology for assessment data application. The corresponding data were fed back to residents, instructors, rotation departments, specialty bases, and residency training management departments to promote continuous quality improvement. Meanwhile, we demonstrated the difficulties, deficiencies, and future direction of the construction of formative assessment information platform.

Predictive factors for heart failure after percutaneous coronary intervention / 中国医师杂志

Objective:To investigate the factors predictive of heart failure developing during hospital stay after undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed on 534 patients with coronary heart disease who underwent PCI treatment at Hangzhou Ninth People′s Hospital from January 2017 to September 2022. The patients were divided into two groups according to whether heart failure occurred after the operation: a heart failure group consisting of 51 patients and a control group consisting of 483 patients. Univariate comparison and multivariate analysis were performed on factors that could lead to heart failure between the two groups, and a prediction model was established.Results:Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in age at admission, presence of cerebral infarction, presence of hypertension, New York Heart Association (NYHA) heart function classification, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), serum albumin, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (dNLR), D-dimer, and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels between the PCI postoperative heart failure group and the control group (all P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that age ≥60 years, LVEF<40%, presence of cerebral infarction, NYHA heart function classification Ⅱ/Ⅲ, serum albumin<40.15 g/L, and dNLR≥2.30 were independent risk factors for the development of heart failure during hospitalization after PCI (all P<0.05). Conclusions:Age, LVEF, presence of cerebral infarction, NYHA heart function classification, serum albumin, and dNLR can all affect the occurrence of heart failure during hospitalization after PCI for coronary heart disease. Establishing a prediction model based on these indicators can provide guidance for clinical practice.

Clinical application of single breath-holding left ventricle artificial intelligence assisted compression sensing T 2-weighted dark blood imaging sequence / 中华放射学杂志

Objective:To explore the feasibility of cardiac T 2 weighted dark blood sequence (T 2W-DB) based on artificial intelligence assisted compression-sensing(ACS) in clinical cardiac MR examination, compared with the conventional cardiac fast spin-echo T 2W-DB sequence. Methods:A total of 38 patients referred for cardiac MR examination in Tongji Hospital were enrolled prospectively from August to December 2021. The conventional T 2W-DB scan and the single-shot ACS T 2W-DB scan were acquired at continuous short-axial slices covering the whole left ventricle in all patients, and the acquisition time of each scan was recorded. The image quality of the two sequences was evaluated by the objective quantitative parameters and the subjective scoring methods, respectively. The signal to noise ratio (SNR), the contrast to noise ratio of the interventricular septum to blood pool (CNR), and the sharpness of the images were calculated. The subjective scoring was to evaluate the overall image quality, the effect of blood pool suppression, the visibility of right ventricular free wall, left ventricular free wall, and interventricular septum with a 5-point Likert scale. The intraclass correlation coefficient and Kendall W were calculated to evaluate the interobserver agreement of the objective quantitative parameters and subjective scoring. The paired t-test or Wilcoxon test was used to compare the difference in acquisition time, objective quantitative parameters and subjective scoring between the conventional T 2W-DB and the single-shot ACS T 2W-DB. Results:The inter-observer agreement between the single-shot ACS T 2W-DB and conventional T 2W-DB was good in all the objective quantitative parameters and subjective scoring of image quality ( P<0.05 for all). Compared with conventional T 2W-DB, acquisition time of single-shot ACS T 2W-DB was remarkably shortened [(85.8±14.7) s vs. (16.9±3.0) s, t=35.42, P<0.001]. Compared with SNR (66.4±29.0) and CNR(61.8±28.6) of conventional T 2W-DB, single-shot ACS T 2W-DB had significantly higher SNR(110.8±36.8, t=-8.13, P?0.001) and CNR(88.2±31.1, t=-5.89, P?0.001). Compared with conventional T 2W-DB, single-shot ACS T 2W-DB had better blood pool inhibition effect (4.6±0.6 vs. 4.7±0.5, Z=-2.64, P=0.008). There was no significant difference in overall image quality, visibility of right ventricular free wall, left ventricular free wall, and interventricular septum between the two sequences( P>0.05 for all). Conclusions:In cardiac MR examination, compared with the conventional T 2W-DB sequence, the single-shot ACS T 2W-DB sequence can significantly shorten the acquisition time and obtain better image quality.

Post-COVID-19 condition in children / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Post-COVID-19 condition in children refers to the presence of physical symptoms or syndromes lasting more than 12 weeks after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, which can be manifested as a combination of various signs and symptoms.Girls, school-aged, adolescents, and children with severe illness in the acute phase of COVID-19, with underlying allergic diseases and poor baseline physical and mental health are high-risk factors for post-COVID-19 condition in children.Pathogenesis may be related to viral persistence, autoimmunity, chronic inflammatory responses, chronic inflammation of vascular endothelial cells, and microthrombosis.A comprehensive treatment scheme including symptoms relieving treatment, rehabilitation, and psychological support.This article reviews the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, and management of the post-COVID-19 condition in children to improve clinicians′ comprehension of the disease.

Research on Q-markers of Polygoni Perfoliati Herba based on analytic hierarchy process-entropy weight method and fingerprints / 中国中药杂志

The potential quality markers(Q-markers) of Polygoni Perfoliati Herba were studied based on analytic hierarchy process(AHP)-entropy weight method(EWM), network pharmacology, and spectrum-effect relationship analysis. The AHP-EWM was used for quantitative identification of the Q-markers. To be specific, AHP was applied for the weight analysis of the validity, testability, and specificity of the first-level indexes, and EWM for the analysis of the second-level indexes supported by literature and experimental data. Based on literature and network pharmacology, the validity analysis was to study the component-target-disease-efficacy network, and select the components with the strongest correlation with the efficacy of clearing heat and removing toxin, diuresis and alleviating edema, and relieving cough. For the testability analysis, the high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) and literature research were used to determine the 10 components in Polygoni Perfoliati Herba, and the fingerprints of Polygoni Perfoliati Herba were established at the same time. The specificity analysis was based on the statistics of the number of plants in which the components existed. Thereby, the 11 compounds: quercetin, oleanolic acid, ellagic acid, gallic acid, kaempferol, rutin, esculetin, quercetin-3-O-glucuronide, ursolic acid, protocatechuic acid, and ferulic acid, were identified as potential Q-markers. The 11 compounds were identified to have high anti-inflammatory activity, indicating that the 11 Q-markers may be the functional material basis. The result in this study is expected to serve as a reference for the quality control of Polygoni Perfoliati Herba.

Research Progress on Compatibility Mechanism of Coptidis Rhizoma-Euodiae Fructus： A Review / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Herb pair， a common form of compounding in Chinese medicinal prescriptions， reflects the experience of pharmacists in clinical medication in the past. It is characterized by simple composition while has the basic characteristics of Chinese medicine compounding. The combination of two medicinal herbs can enhance effect or reduce toxicity. Coptidis Rhizoma （CR） has the effects of clearing heat， drying dampness， purging fire， and removing toxin. Euodiae Fructus （EF） is acrid， bitter， and hot-natured， which can not only warm the Yang Qi in spleen and stomach to dissipate cold and relieve pain， but also descend stomach Qi and prevent vomiting. Furthermore， it can warm the liver and kidney. CR and EF form a typical cold-heat herb pair， which oppose and yet also complement each other. Specifically， their cold and heat natures interact with each other to clear liver fire， harmonize stomach for descending adverse Qi， relieve depression， and dissipate mass. CR clears the intestine and stops dysentery， while EF warms the middle and promotes the circulation of Qi. The combination of them can thus clear heat， dry dampness， and relieve pain. Modern pharmacological studies have demonstrated that CR-EF has not only significant efficacy against digestive system diseases but also good anti-cancer， anti-inflammatory， anti-ulcer， and lipid-lowering activities. Therefore， the article summarized the effect enhancement and toxicity reduction of the herb pair at the levels of cellular molecule， isolated organ， and whole animal， and clarified the mechanism of its pharmacological action. It will provide a theoretical basis for further development and clinical use of the herb pair.

Selective column arthrodesis based on three-column theory for malunion of Lisfranc injury / 中华创伤骨科杂志

Objective:To investigate the mid-term clinical outcomes of selective column arthrodesis based on the three-column theory in the treatment of malunion of Lisfranc injury.Methods:The 28 patients with malunion of Lisfranc injury were analyzed retrospectively who had been treated by selective column arthrodesis at Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine from January 2011 to January 2020.They were 18 males and 10 females, with an average age of 37.2 years(from 18 to 65 years). Twelve left and 16 right sides were affected. According to Myerson's three-column classification, one case was medial column injury (type A), 4 ones middle column injury (type B), 7 ones medial plus middle columns injury and 16 ones three-column injury. Medial column arthrodesis was conducted in 7, middle column arthrodesis in 4 and medial plus middle columns arthrodesis in 17. The American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) midfoot score and visual analogue scale (VAS) were compared between preoperation and the last follow-up to evaluate the improvements in foot function and pain. The operation-related complications were recorded.Results:All patients were followed up for an average of 35.6 months (from 18 to 60 months). The AOFAS midfoot score increased from 43.1±4.1 at pre-operation to 84.1± 7.4 at the last follow-up and the VAS score decreased from 5.7±1.3 at pre-operation to 2.0±0.9 at the last follow-up (both P<0.001). The wounds healed in 28 patients, 3 of whom had postoperative wound exudation but responded to dressing change. There were no such complications as injury to the deep peroneal nerve or deep venous thrombosis. The internal fixation was removed in 5 patients at about one year after arthrodesis. Conclusion:Selective column arthrodesis based on the three-column theory can result in satisfactory med-term clinical outcomes in the treatment of malunion of Lisfranc injury.

Clinical analysis of infantile laryngopharyngeal reflux disease with cyanosis / 中国小儿急救医学

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics of infantile laryngopharyngeal reflux diseases(LPRD) with cyanosis as the main manifestation, improve diagnosis of the disease and avoid missed diagnosis.Methods:Clinical data of children diagnosed with LPRD at Shenzhen Children′s Hospital from September 2015 to October 2018 were retrospectively analyzed.Results:Cyanosis was the predominant symptom in all 5 cases.The course ranged from 3 days to 4 months.Laryngomalacia was observed in 4 cases.Two patients were treated with esophageal atresia, 1 with esophageal stenosis and 1 with severe tracheomalacia.All 5 cases had vocal cord and arytenoid mucosa edema.The Ryan index was 65.92-1 444.5 in the upright position and 3.73-431.44 in the supine position.Three cases were treated with erythromycin and ceftriaxone according to the etiology.Two cases were treated with motilium at the same time, and 3 cases were with omeprazole oral.One case was recovered after 8 weeks and the Ryan index became normal.Symptoms were alleviated in 3 patients after 4 weeks, drugs were stopped by parents.One case still had cyanosis during medication, the symptoms were significantly relieved after tracheal stent implantation.Conclusion:LPRD is closely related to children′s respiratory and digestive system diseases.LPRD should be taken into account when children show unexplained clinical symptoms of respiratory and digestive system, and laryngoscopy and DX-pH detection should be performed as soon as possible to avoid missed diagnosis.

Effects of perioperative whole course thermal insulation strategy on extubation, recovery time, coagulation index and the incidence of complications in patients undergoing thoracoscopic surgery / 中国基层医药

Objective:To investigate the effects of perioperative whole course thermal insulation strategy on extubation, recovery time, coagulation index and the incidence of complications in patients undergoing thoracoscopic surgery.Methods:A total of 121 patients who underwent thoracoscopic surgery who received treatment in Zhoushan Hospital from October 2016 to February 2018 were included in this study. Among them, 59 patients who underwent thoracoscopic surgery from October 2016 to February 2017 were included in the simple thermal insulation group, and 62 patients who underwent thoracoscopic surgery from October 2017 to February 2018 were included in the whole process thermal insulation group. Before and 24 hours and 72 hours after surgery, platelet count, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time and thrombin time were compared between the two groups. Postoperative extubation time and recovery time were recorded. The incidence of shivering, restlessness and other complications was analyzed.Results:Postoperative extubation time and recovery time in the whole process thermal insulation group were significantly shorter than those in the simple thermal insulation group [(8.06 ± 4.60) min vs. (13.98 ± 7.22) min, (47.19 ± 12.97) min vs. (56.84 ± 17.49) min, t = 5.40, 3.47, both P < 0.05). At 24 and 72 hours after surgery, platelet count and activated partial prothrombin time in the whole process thermal insulation group were significantly shorter than those in the simple thermal insulation group [(12.55 ± 0.88) s vs. (13.11 ± 0.97) s, (27.44 ± 2.43) s vs. (29.03 ± 2.14) s, (11.42 ± 0.73) s vs. (11.87 ± 0.74) s, (27.44 ± 1.96) s vs. (28.80 ± 2.22) s, t = 3.32, 3.81, all P < 0.05). The incidence of postoperative shivering and restlessness in the whole process thermal insulation group was significantly lower than that in the simple insulation Group (7 cases vs. 27 cases, 5 cases vs. 22 cases, χ2 = 17.782, 14.894, 3.33, 3.57, all P < 0.05). Conclusion:Perioperative whole course thermal insulation strategy can shorten extubation and recovery time, inhibit perioperative coagulation dysfunction, and decrease the incidence of perioperative restlessness, shivering and other complications caused by hypothermia. The effect of perioperative whole course thermal insulation is superior to that of simple thermal insulation.

Correlation study between quantitative characteristics of CT lung opacification based on machine learning and clinical subtypes and severity of lung injury of COVID-19 / 中华放射学杂志

Objective:To investigate the value of chest CT quantitative index in clinical classification and lung injury severity evaluation of COVID-19.Methods:The current study retrospectively analyzed the clinical and CT data of 438 patients with COVID-19 between January 2020 and March 2020 in Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology. The clinical types included common type ( n=146), severe type ( n=247) and critical type ( n=45). The chest CT indexes of all patients were quantitatively analyzed by artificial intelligence (AI) deep learning, including whole lung volume, CT lung opacification, ground glass opacification volume (GGO volume; CT value<-300 HU), solid opacification volume (SO volume; CT value ≥-300 HU) and the ratio of volume to the whole lung volume, the ratio of SO volume to GGO volume (SO volume/GGO volume). Kruskal-Wallis test was used to conduct statistical analysis of the differences in quantitative parameters among clinical types, and multiple ordered logistic regression was used to analyze the correlation between quantitative parameters and clinical types. Results:Among the 438 patients diagnosed with COVID-19, severe and critical patients were older ( P<0.05), and most of the critical patients were male ( P<0.05). The main clinical manifestations of all clinical types were fever, followed by cough, fatigue, chest tightness, dyspnea, gastrointestinal symptoms and so on. GGO volume was the main CT manifestation of all the three clinical subtypes. The whole-lung opacification volume, GGO volume, SO volume and their proportions in whole-lung volume significantly increased from common, severe to critical types (all P<0.05). SO volume/GGO volume increased with the severity of clinical type [common type 0.12 (0.03, 0.34), severe type 0.29 (0.11, 0.59), critical type 0.61 (0.39, 0.97)]. Multiple ordered logistic regression analysis showed that whole-lung opacification volume (OR=1.009), SO volume/GGO volume (OR=1.866), GGO volume (OR=1.008) and SO volume (OR=1.016) had a significant positive effect on the severity of clinical typing ( P<0.01). Conclusion:Quantitative indicators of chest CT based on deep learning algorithm (SO volume, GGO volume, SO volume/GGO volume) are closely related to the clinical severity of COVID-19.

Expression levels of gastrointestinal hormones in the progression of liver fibrosis in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease / 临床肝胆病杂志

Objective To investigate the changes in gastrointestinal hormones during the progression of liver fibrosis in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and to provide a basis for digestive function impairment. Methods A prospective analysis was performed for 326 patients with NAFLD who attended the outpatient service and were hospitalized and treated in Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine from October 2018 to June 2020, and FibroTouch was used to measure liver stiffness measurement (LSM). According to the presence or absence of liver fibrosis, they were divided into non-liver fibrosis group (group A, 161 patients with LSM < 7.3 kPa) and liver fibrosis group (group B, 165 patients with LSM ≥7.3 kPa). According to the fibrosis degree, the patients were further divided into F0-1 group (LSM < 7.3 kPa), F2 group (7.3 kPa ≤LSM < 9.7 kPa), F2-3 group (9.7 kPa ≤LSM < 12.4 kPa), F3-4 group (12.4 kPa ≤LSM < 17.5 kPa), and F4 group (LSM ≥17.5 kPa). Related data were collected, including age, sex, liver function parameters, and gastrointestinal hormones. The independent samples t -test and the one-way analysis of variance were used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between groups, and the nonparametric Mann-Whitney U test and the Kruskal-Wallis H test were used for comparison of non-normally distributed continuous data between groups. A Spearman correlation analysis was used to investigate the correlation between LSM and liver function parameters. Results Comparison of liver function and gastrointestinal hormones showed that there were significant differences between groups A and B in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ( Z =-3.778, P < 0.001), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) ( Z =-3.320, P =0.001), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) ( Z =-3.040, P =0.002), cholecystokinin (CCK) ( t =-2.944, P =0.003), and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) ( Z =-2.317, P =0.020). There were significant differences in ALT ( χ 2 =23.113, P < 0.001), AST ( χ 2 =23.415, P < 0.001), ALP ( χ 2 =15.962, P =0.003), GGT ( χ 2 =20.172, P < 0.001), and CCK ( F =2.687, P =0.031) between the F0-1 group with 161 patients, the F2 group with 89 patients, the F2-3 group with 46 patients, the F3-4 group with 16 patients, and the F4 group with 14 patients. LSM was positively correlated with direct bilirubin, ALT, AST, alkaline phosphatase, and GGT ( r =0.128, 0.266, 0.225, 0.137, and 0.213, all P < 0.05). Conclusion Liver fibrosis progression in NAFLD can affect gallbladder contraction function and gastrointestinal function, and measurement of the serum levels of CCK and LPS has an important clinical value in the early diagnosis and treatment of digestive diseases related to gallbladder contraction function and gastrointe stinal function in NAFLD patients with liver fibrosis.

Expression levels of gastrointestinal hormones in the progression of liver fibrosis in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease / 临床肝胆病杂志

Objective To investigate the changes in gastrointestinal hormones during the progression of liver fibrosis in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and to provide a basis for digestive function impairment. Methods A prospective analysis was performed for 326 patients with NAFLD who attended the outpatient service and were hospitalized and treated in Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine from October 2018 to June 2020, and FibroTouch was used to measure liver stiffness measurement (LSM). According to the presence or absence of liver fibrosis, they were divided into non-liver fibrosis group (group A, 161 patients with LSM < 7.3 kPa) and liver fibrosis group (group B, 165 patients with LSM ≥7.3 kPa). According to the fibrosis degree, the patients were further divided into F0-1 group (LSM < 7.3 kPa), F2 group (7.3 kPa ≤LSM < 9.7 kPa), F2-3 group (9.7 kPa ≤LSM < 12.4 kPa), F3-4 group (12.4 kPa ≤LSM < 17.5 kPa), and F4 group (LSM ≥17.5 kPa). Related data were collected, including age, sex, liver function parameters, and gastrointestinal hormones. The independent samples t -test and the one-way analysis of variance were used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between groups, and the nonparametric Mann-Whitney U test and the Kruskal-Wallis H test were used for comparison of non-normally distributed continuous data between groups. A Spearman correlation analysis was used to investigate the correlation between LSM and liver function parameters. Results Comparison of liver function and gastrointestinal hormones showed that there were significant differences between groups A and B in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ( Z =-3.778, P < 0.001), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) ( Z =-3.320, P =0.001), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) ( Z =-3.040, P =0.002), cholecystokinin (CCK) ( t =-2.944, P =0.003), and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) ( Z =-2.317, P =0.020). There were significant differences in ALT ( χ 2 =23.113, P < 0.001), AST ( χ 2 =23.415, P < 0.001), ALP ( χ 2 =15.962, P =0.003), GGT ( χ 2 =20.172, P < 0.001), and CCK ( F =2.687, P =0.031) between the F0-1 group with 161 patients, the F2 group with 89 patients, the F2-3 group with 46 patients, the F3-4 group with 16 patients, and the F4 group with 14 patients. LSM was positively correlated with direct bilirubin, ALT, AST, alkaline phosphatase, and GGT ( r =0.128, 0.266, 0.225, 0.137, and 0.213, all P < 0.05). Conclusion Liver fibrosis progression in NAFLD can affect gallbladder contraction function and gastrointestinal function, and measurement of the serum levels of CCK and LPS has an important clinical value in the early diagnosis and treatment of digestive diseases related to gallbladder contraction function and gastrointe stinal function in NAFLD patients with liver fibrosis.

Association between liver fibrosis progression and endothelin-1/nitric oxide in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease / 临床肝胆病杂志

Objective To investigate whether the progression of liver fibrosis affects endothelial function in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and to early identify the warning of cardiovascular diseases caused by endothelial dysfunction by liver fibrosis progression. Methods A total of 280 patients who attended the outpatient service or were hospitalized in Department of Liver Disease, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, from April 2019 to October 2020 were enrolled, and they were diagnosed with fatty liver disease by ultrasound and met the diagnostic criteria for NAFLD. General information and related serological markers were collected and recorded. FibroTouch technique was performed for the NAFLD patients diagnosed by ultrasound to record their fat attenuation parameter (FAP) and liver stiffness measurement (LSM), and according to LSM, the patients were divided into non-progressive fibrosis group (239 patients with LSM 0.05). Further analysis of the correlation of ET-1 and NO with each index showed that ET-1 was not correlated with age, NO, ALT, AST, GGT, total cholesterol, TG, HDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), FAP, and BMI ( r s =-0.017, 0.054, -0.067, -0.016, -0.031, 0.004, 0.051, -0.084, -0.030, 0.080, and 0.044, all P > 0.05), and NO was not correlated with age, ET-1, ALT, AST, GGT, total cholesterol, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, FAP, and BMI ( r s =0.004, 0.054, 0.011, 0.052, 0.004, -0.051, -0.052, -0.012, -0.076, -0.013, and -0.021, all P > 0.05). Conclusion This study shows that liver fibrosis progression in NAFLD has no impact on ET-1 and NO, suggesting that fibrosis progression may have no influence on endothelial function.

Chinese Medicine Involving Triple Rehabilitation Therapy for Knee Osteoarthritis in 696 Outpatients: A Multi-Center, Randomized Controlled Trial / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To determine the effects of Chinese medicine (CM) involving triple rehabilitation therapy on the progression of knee osteoarthritis (KOA).@*METHODS@#A total of 722 patients recruited from 38 community health service centers located in China from March 2013 to March 2017 were randomly divided into treatment and control groups equally, using a cluster randomization design. Health education combined with CM involving triple rehabilitation therapy for KOA (electro-acupuncture, Chinese medicinal herb fumigating-washing, and traditional exercises) was administered in the treatment group while conventional rehabilitation therapy (physical factor therapy, joint movement training, and muscle strength training) was administered in the control group. Patients with a visual analog scale (VAS) scores ≽4 were treated with dispersible meloxicam tablets (7.5 mg, once daily). The Lequesne index scores, VAS scores, range of motion (ROM), lower limb muscle strength, knee joint circumference, quantitative scores of KOA symptoms, and the short-form 36 item health survey questionnaire (SF-36) scores were measured for each patient at 5 checkpoints (before treatment, at the 2nd week and the 4th week during the 4-week treatment period, at 1 month and 3 months after end of treatment), and adverse reactions were observed also.@*RESULTS@#A total of 696 patients completed the entire process, with 351 in the treatment group and 345 in the control group. At all treatment checkpoints, the treatment group demonstrated better outcomes than the control group with regard to the total Lequesne index scores, effective rate and improvement rate of the total Lequesne index scores, VAS scores, lower limb muscle strength, knee circumference, quantitative scores of KOA symptoms, and SF-36 scores as well (P<0.05 or P<0.01). No adverse reactions were encountered in this study.@*CONCLUSIONS@#CM involving triple rehabilitation therapy can alleviate KOA-related pain and swelling, improve lower limb muscle strength, promote flexion and activity of the knee and improve the quality of life in patients undergoing KOA. It is suitable for patients with early or mid-stage KOA. (Registration No. ChiCTR-TRC-12002538).

Research on Q-markers of Eupatorium lindleyanum based on analytic hierarchy process-entropy weight method and network pharmacology / 中国中药杂志

The potential quality markers( Q-markers) of Eupatorium lindleyanum were studied with analytic hierarchy process(AHP)-entropy weight method(EWM) and network pharmacological method. Based on the concept of Q-markers of traditional Chinese medicine, AHP-EWM was employed to quantitatively identify the Q-markers of E. lindleyanum. AHP method was applied to the weight analysis of the validity, testability, and specificity of the first-level indexes, and EWM method was used to analyze the secondlevel indexes supported by literature and experimental data. At the same time, based on the theory and method of network pharmacology, the component-target-disease-efficacy network of E. lindleyanum was built, and the components most closely related to the efficacy of resolving phlegm and relieving cough and asthma were screened out. Through the integrated analysis of the results obtained with AHP-EWM and network pharmacological method, 13 compounds including rutin, quercetin, nepetin, cirsiliol, luteolin, hyperoside,isoquercitrin, kaempferol, caffeic acid, eupalinolide K, eupalinolide A, eupalinolide B, and eupalinolide C were comprehensively identified as the potential Q-markers of E. lindleyanum. The results provide a basis for the quality control of E. lindleyanum.

Determination method of deamidation impurities in cobratide using mass spectrometry technique / 药学学报

Deamidation is one of the most common degradation impurities in protein and peptide drugs. The deamidation of glutamine and asparagine in the protein sequence can lead to changes in the chemical and biological properties of the protein. However, the rutine trypsin-based pretreatment process can significantly increase the artificial deamidation impurities during the digestion process, resulting in high determination level. In this study, after optimizing the conditions of Glu-C enzymatic hydrolysis, we obtained the best enzymatic conditions under acidic condition and the artificial deamidation impurities significantly reduced in digestion process, identified the deamidation site (N48). Through the methodological investigation and comparison of the measurement results of different methods, the specificity, reproducibility and accuracy of the method are verified. The method established in this research has laid a solid foundation for the accurate determination of deamidation impurities in cobratide and its similar protein peptide biochemical drugs.