الملخص
AIM:To observe the effect of acupuncture on adenosine A1 receptor(A1R)in the caudate puta-men(CPu)of complete Freund's adjuvant(CFA)rats,and to explore the potential mechanism of acupuncture in treat-ment of inflammatory pain.METHODS:Sixty-four 6～8-week-old male Wistar rats were randomly divided into saline group,model group(CFA group),CFA+manual acupuncture(MA)group,CFA+solvent dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO)group,CFA+A1R agonist 2-chloro-N6-cyclopentyladenosine(CCPA)group,CFA+A1R antagonist 8-cyclopentyl-1,3-di-propylxanthine(DPCPX)group,CFA+MA+DMSO group and CFA+MA+DPCPX group.In MA groups,on the 2nd day af-ter modeling,the rats were needled at Zusanli points on both sides,30 min at a time,once per day,for 7 d.Pain threshold of plantar thermal radiation was used to observe the pain response of the rats.The content of cyclic adenosine monophos-phate(cAMP)in the CPu was detected by ELISA.The protein expression and phosphorylation levels of protein kinase A(PKA)and cAMP response element-binding protein(CREB)were detected by Western blot.The expression of A1R in the CPu was detected by immunofluorescence staining.RESULTS:Compared with saline group,CFA modeling signifi-cantly lowered the thermal pain threshold of the rats(P<0.01).Compared with CFA group,the thermal pain threshold of the rats in CFA+MA group and CFA+CCPA group was significantly increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Compared with CFA+ MA+DMSO group,the thermal pain threshold of the rats in CFA+MA+DPCPX group was decreased(P<0.05).Compared with CFA group,A1R protein relative expression level and positive cells in the CPu of the rats in CFA+MA group were in-creased(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Compared with saline group,cAMP content and p-CREB protein level in the CPu of the rats in CFA+MA group were decreased(P<0.05).Compared with CFA+DMSO group,cAMP content and p-CREB pro-tein level in CFA+MA+DMSO and CFA+CCPA groups were significantly decreased(P<0.01).Compared with CFA+MA+ DMSO group,the levels of cAMP,p-PKA and p-CREB in CFA+MA+DPCPX group were significantly increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01).CONCLUSION:Acupuncture on bilateral Zusanli can relieve inflammatory pain in CFA rats,and its mech-anism may be related to A1R/cAMP/p-CREB signaling pathway.
الملخص
Objective:To analyze the iodine nutritional status of children aged 8 - 10 in Tongren City, Guizhou Province, and provide a basis for scientific iodine supplementation for children.Methods:From 2020 to 2022, a systematic sampling method was adopted in 10 districts and counties of Tongren City. Each year, each district and county was divided into 5 districts based on east, west, south, north, and center. One township (street) was selected from each district, and 40 non boarding students aged 8 to 10 were selected from each township (street) to measure the iodine content of household salt and urine samples. The content of salt iodine in children of different yesas as well as the distribution of urine iodine in children of different districts and counties and different genders were analyzed and compared. Additionally, B-ultrasound was used to measure the thyroid volume of some children and the situation of thyroid enlargement was analyzed.Results:From 2020 to 2022, a total of 6 000 salt samples were collected and monitored from children's households, and 5 989 samples of iodized salt were detected, the coverage rate of iodized salt was 99.8%; and 5 750 samples of qualified iodized salt were found, the qualified rate of iodized salt was 96.0%, the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 95.8%; and the median salt iodine was 27.3 mg/kg, the difference in the median salt iodine among children between different years was statistically significant ( H = 10.04, P < 0.001). A total of 6 000 urine samples from children were tested, the median urinary iodine was 225.2 μg/L, the median urinary iodine among children in different districts and counties were statistically significantly different ( H = 85.73, P < 0.001); 3 077 male and 2 923 female urine samples were tested, and the median urinary iodine between different genders was statistically significant different ( Z = - 67.10, P < 0.001). The median urinary iodine of male samples were higher than those of female samples(227.8 vs 222.9 μg/L). The thyroid gland of 2 000 children was examined, and the rate of goiter was 1.0% (21/2 000). Conclusions:From 2020 to 2022, the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt, urinary iodine content and goiter rate of children in Tongren City have all met the national standard for eliminating iodine deficiency disorders. The overall iodine nutrition level exceeds the appropriate amount (urinary iodine of 200 - 299 μg/L).
الملخص
Heart failure (HF) has become a major challenge in the treatment of global cardiovascular diseases. Great progress has been made in the drug treatment of HF, however, rehospitalization rate and mortality of patients with HF are still high. Hence, there is an urgent need to explore new treatment strategy and new underlying pathogenic mechanisms. In recent years, some researchers have suggested that regulation of ketone body metabolism may become a potentially promising therapeutic approach for HF. Some studies showed that the oxidative utilization of fatty acids and glucose was decreased in the failing heart, accompanied by the increase of ketone body oxidative metabolism. The enhancement of ketone body metabolism in HF is a compensatory change during HF. The failing heart preferentially uses ketone body oxidation to provide energy, which helps to improve the body's cardiac function. This review will discuss the potential significance of ketone body metabolism in the treatment of HF from three aspects: normal myocardial ketone body metabolism, the change of ketone body metabolism in HF, the effect of ketogenic therapy on HF and its treatment.
الموضوعات
Humans , Heart Failure/metabolism , Myocardium/metabolism , Ketone Bodies/metabolism , Cardiovascular Diseases , Fatty Acids/metabolism , Energy Metabolismالملخص
Objective:To investigate the effect of flipped classroom model in the theory teaching of psychiatry for medical undergraduates.Methods:A total of 121 students from grade 2014 were randomly divided into observation group and control group. The observation group was given flipped classroom teaching and the control group was given traditional teaching. In order to evaluate the teaching effect of flipped classroom, the students in the observation group were evaluated by comparing the test scores of the two groups in class and using the self-made questionnaire. SPSS 18.0 was used to conduct t-test. Results:The results showed that the average score of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group ( P < 0.05). The results of teaching effect showed that there were 60 students in the observation group, among which 96.7% (58 students) believed that flipped classroom teaching was beneficial to promoting pre-class preview, improving teamwork ability, autonomous learning ability and teacher-student communication; 95.0% (57 students) thought they were satisfied with flipped classroom teaching, which was conducive to linking theory with practice; 93.3% (56 students) thought that they could arouse their interest in learning, improve their attention, and improve their ability to analyze and solve problems; 90.0% (54 students) thought flipped classroom was superior to traditional classroom and helpful to their future study; 86.7% (52 students) did not think their study burden was increased. Conclusion:The flipped classroom model can stimulate students' interest and attention, and promote the combination of independent learning and interactive learning, which has a better effect than the traditional teaching model in the theory teaching of psychiatry and is easily accepted by students. Therefore, it holds promise for application.
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The paper retrieved the literature information on the artificial bone and composite artificial bone in CNKI, Wanfang data and foreign databases such as Pubmed and SCI-E from 2009 to 2016, and summarized the characteristics and deficiency of all kinds of artificial bone materials.On this basis, it briefly described the functional application and the principles of the composite artificial bone repair materials, and introduced the application of tissue engineering and 3D printing technology in the field, which could provide reference for the exploration of new types of composite artificial bone repair materials.
الملخص
OBJECTIVE:To optimize the formulation of Methotrexate thermosensitive hydrogels,and to study the in vitro re-lease property of it. METHODS:Taking PLGA-PEG-PLGA as matrix and mannitol as viscosity modifiers,Methotrexate thermosen-sitive hydrogels were prepared. Using the absolute value of the deviation of gelation temperature between 35 ℃,its formulation was optimized by orthogonal test using the concentrations of PLGA-PEG-PLGA,methotrexate and mannitol as factors. The dialysis bag method was used to investigate accumulative release rate of Methotrexate thermosensitive hydrogels and methotrexate solution within 336 h in vitro. RESULTS:The optimal formulation was as PLGA-PEG-PLGA of 20%,methotrexate of 0.10% and mannitol of 0.10%;gelation temperature were 35.1,35.0,35.0℃. The average drug-loading rate was more than 90%. 12 d accumulative re-lease rate was more than 90%(r=3). Methotrexate solution has been substantially completely relased within 240 h. CONCLU-SIONS:Methotrexate thermosensitive hydrogels with sustained-release are prepared successfully,and the preparation technology is simple and practical.
الملخص
Objective:To investigate the radiosensitizing effect of three flavonoids on ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells under hypoxia. Methods:The SKOV3 cells were divided into normoxic group and hypoxic group. The hypoxic SKOV3 cellular model in vitro was es-tablished and tested by measuring the expression profile of HIF-1αprotein in SKOV3 cells. Colony-forming assay was used to detect the radiosensitivity of normoxic and hypoxic SKOV3 cells. The cytotoxicity and radiosensitizing effects of flavonoids were evaluated on the basis of cell death and MTT assay. Results:The Western blot results showed that the gray intensity ratio of HIF-1α/β-Actin in hypoxia group was significantly higher than that in normoxia group (1. 068>0. 117). Radiosensitivity of hypoxic SKOV3 cells in hypoxia group was significantly lower than that in normoxia group. The survival rate of SKOV3 cells was decreased with the increase of concentration. When the concentration was increased, D0 and Dqin chrysin group and quercetin group were significantly decreased (P0. 05). The overall radiobiological parameters of hypoxia group were higher than those of normoxia group. Conclusion: Hypoxia can induce the expression of HIF-1α in SKOV3 cells, which results in the decrease of radiosensitivity. Chrysin and quercetin can enhance the radiosensitivity of SKOV3 cells, and the enhancement is significant under hypoxia, while breviscapine is without such effect. The radiosensitizing effect may be achieved by the level decrease of HIF-1α in SKOV3 cells and inhibition of DNA damage repair.
الملخص
Objective To prepare triamcinolone acetonide acetate(TAA)thermosensitive hydrogel for intra-articular injection,and to investigate its release in vitro. Methods TAA suspending thermosensitive hydrogel was prepared by using poly lactic-co-glycolic acid(PLGA)-polyethylene glycol(PEG)-PLGA as gel matrices,xanthan gum as suspending agent and NaCl as flocculant. It was evaluated preliminarily by determining its contents and its in vitro release. Results The best compositions for preparation of TAA suspending thermosensitive hydrogel were 25% PLGA-PEG-PLGA,0.05% xanthan gum, 0.9% NaCl and 4 mg·mL-1 TAA.The gelation temperature was 35.3 ℃ .The average recovery was(98.98±0.31)%. By the method of membraneless dissolution,the accumulative drug release was up to 83. 31% at 16 days. The drug release followed Ritger-Peppas methematical model. Conclusion The TAA thermosensitive hydrogel with obviously sustained release is expected to become a new drug delivery system for intra-articular injection.