الملخص
Rhabdomyosarcoma [RMS] is a malignant solid tumour arising from mesenchymal tissues which normally differentiate to form striated muscle. It can occur in a wide variety of sites. It is one of the most frequently occurring soft tissue sarcomas and commonest in children under age of 15 years 1. Approximately 350 new cases are diagnosed in the United States each year 2. Seven to 10% of primary genitourinary tumours are located in the para-testicular region. Scrotal rhabdomyosarcomas originating from paratesticular tissue are most frequently seen in childhood and young adults 3. Paratesticular rhabdo-myosarcomas are very rare, comprising only 1: 2,000 tumours of the male genital system 4. It constitutes 7% of all rhabdomysarcomas 5. The disease may be subdivided into embryonal [which accounts for about 60%], pleomorphic, alveolar and botryoidal types. Embryonal RMS is most commonly found in head and neck, genitourinary and retroperitoneal sites 6. The tumour is slightly more common in boys and males [11.8 per million] than in girls and females [10.3 per million]2. The age incidence varies from 21 months [Sabrazes et al, 1923] to 67 years [Prince, 1942]3. However, some had reported racial and gender differences in the incidence of RMS7. Here we report an adult male of paratesticular embryonal RMS. He was lost trace for a while till he present with advanced metastases to the retroperitonium and a multidisciplinary management was held later
الملخص
In the last few decades, medical professionalismcame upas a challenging issue to teach and assess. To compare the level of understanding of the medical professionalism, medical ethics and human rights among the first year and fifth year medical students at Omdurman Islamic University in Sudan. Prospective randomised controlled trial. Students were randomized in to four groups during teaching of behavioural sciences which was given at different spectra in the different groups. Responders were 365[91.25%], they were 143[39.2%] first year males, 141[38.6%] first year females split in two groups and 81[22.2%] fifth year mixed male and female.Conceptual understanding of medical ethics, professionalism, human rights and the religion values as part of the university requirement were assessed with a pretested questionnaire. Of the fifth year students 69[86.3%] were able to describe triggering organisational help for patients as an advocacy and 119[83.2%] first year male students were able to identify that availing medical facilities to the disabled and the vulnerable groupsas basic human right. The majority [>90%] of all students were described well professional integrity and 132[93%] of first year medical students were able mention correctly the differences between the Healer and the professional and 83[58.5%] of fifth year students specified the confidentiality issue in taking informed consent, respectively. However, the students' categorised the regulation of organ transplantation and tissue engineering has human rights followed by Religion Teachings bases. Teaching medical ethics, human rights, professionalism and University requirements to the first year medical students and gains during the practical experience of the clinical clerkship have a considerable impact on the student perception of these subjects. Gains are expected to improve if these issues are integrated in all areas of the curriculum
الملخص
Identification of the local pattern of neurological diseases is expected to help setting the priorities for good planning of management and public education. To identify the pattern of neurological disorders in a second biggest central hospital in Sudan. Review of the diagnosis of 170 patients, seen in the out patients neuro-clinic and the neurology ward from March 2010 to February 2011, was done. Patients who were in follow up by other neuro-clinics were excluded. The male to female ratio was 1:1 Patients who were 20-60 years old comprised 54%.About 50% of patients live in Omdurman city. Motor symptoms were the most common presenting symptoms forming 64.1% followed by cranial nerves symptoms 27.6%. Stroke was the commonest encountered diagnosis seen in 20.7%, followed by epilepsy in 16.6%, headache in 9.6%, movement disorders in 7.7%, peripheral neuropathy in 3.6%, demylination in 1.8%, cerebral venous sinus thrombosis [CVST] 1.8% and tumours in 1.2% patients. Stroke was more common in patients from East Sudan and Epilepsy was more common in patients from West Sudan. Vascular and degenerative changes were the commonest abnormalities seen in imaging studies. Demyelination and neoplasms were more common in females. Stroke, epilepsy and headache were the commonest neurological disorders met in Omdurman Teaching Hospital
الملخص
Kaposi's sarcoma [KS] is a complex neoplasm characterized by angio-proliferative multifocal tumors of the skin, mucosa and viscera. There are four different epidemiological forms of KS: classic [sporadic] [cKS], African [endemic], AIDS-associated [epidemic], and immunosupression-associated [iatrogenic]. In this paper we report for the first time types of Kaposi's sarcoma from the Nuba Mountains as seen in Dermatology Military Hospital. Clinical features and confirmative tests were done for six patients. Three, two and one cases were AIDS rated, endemic type and iatrogenic type of Kaposi's sarcoma respectively. We report a series of Kaposi's sarcoma in six Sudanese patients. Mean age 66.7 year, five of them were males and a female. The AIDS associated KS patients showed good response to management and are under follow-up on HAART. The endemic type cases have been improved with chemotherapy. The single case of iatrogenic KS could not be traced