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1.
Motrivivência (Florianópolis) ; 33(64): [1-20], Mar. 2021.
مقالة ي البرتغالية | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1248148

الملخص

A pesquisa teve como objetivo identificar a presença de elementos gímnicos nas brincadeiras de crianças em um parque construído com material alternativo (pneus) no contexto de uma instituição educativa de Educação Infantil no Município de Diamantina-MG, amparado no referencial dos Padrões Básicos de Movimento (PBMs) elencados por Russel (2010). Com caráter descritivo, utilizou-se como técnica de coleta das informações a observação sistemática, realizadas durante horários destinados ao livre brincar, com presença do professor regente. Neste sentido, a pesquisa contou com fotos, filmagens e anotações realizadas em diário de campo, possibilitando interpretar e categorizar os movimentos infantis na abordagem dos PBMs. Os resultados apontam que estes padrões permeiam o universo infantil através das brincadeiras e experimentações corporais, nas quais precisam ser estimuladas e vivenciadas pelas crianças no sentido de se proporcionar a ampliação dos saberes corporais.


The research aimed to identify the presence of gymnastic elements in children's play in a park built with alternative material (tires) in the context of an educational institution for early childhood education in the municipality of Diamantina-MG, supported by the Basic Movement Standards (BMS), listed by Russel (2010). With a descriptive character, systematic observation was used as a technique for collecting information, performed during times intended for free play, with the presence of the conducting teacher. In this sense, the research included photos, footage and notes taken in a field diary, making it possible to interpret and categorize children's movements in the approach to PBMs. The results indicate that these patterns permeate the children's universe through body play and experimentation, in which they need to be stimulated and experienced by children in order to provide the expansion of body knowledge.


La investigación tuvo como objetivo identificar la presencia de elementos gimnásticos en el juego infantil en un parque construido con material alternativo (llantas) en el contexto de una institución educativa para la educación infantil en el municipio de Diamantina-MG, sustentado en los Estándares Básicos de Movimiento (PBM), enumerado por Russel (2010). Con carácter descriptivo, se utilizó la observación sistemática como técnica de recolección de información, realizada en tiempos destinados al juego libre, con la presencia del maestro director. En este sentido, la investigación incluyó fotografías, metraje y notas tomadas en un diario de campo, lo que permitió interpretar y categorizar los movimientos de los niños en el abordaje de los PBM. Los resultados indican que estos patrones impregnan el universo de los niños a través del juego y la experimentación corporales, en los que necesitan ser estimulados y experimentados por los niños para proporcionar la expansión del conocimiento corporal.

2.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.);26(3): 1127-1136, mar. 2021. tab, graf
مقالة ي الانجليزية, البرتغالية | LILACS | ID: biblio-1153811

الملخص

Resumo O uso de mídias por crianças na primeira infância está cada vez mais habitual, o que torna necessário investigar os fatores determinantes para o tempo de tela, entendido como o tempo total pelo qual a criança permanece exposta a todas as telas, incluindo televisão e mídias interativas. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, descritivo e exploratório, realizado com 180 crianças, entre 24 a 42 meses de idade, alocadas em: Grupo 1, exposição à tela inferior a duas horas/dia; Grupo 2, exposição à tela igual/superior a duas horas/dia. Realizou-se análise bivariada e de regressão logística binária. Os fatores determinantes no tempo de tela estudados foram os recursos do ambiente familiar, investigado por meio do Inventário de Recursos do Ambiente Familiar; fatores socioeconômicos; estado nutricional e status do desenvolvimento infantil, mensurado pelo teste Bayley III. Como resultado verificou-se que 63% das crianças apresentaram tempo de tela superior a 2 horas/dia e que a televisão ainda é a principal responsável pela exposição das crianças às telas. Observou-se que o tempo de exposição à tela esteve positivamente associado aos recursos familiares, nível econômico e desenvolvimento da linguagem. Entretanto, apenas os dois últimos fatores explicaram o maior tempo de tela.


Abstract The use of media by children in early childhood is increasingly common, and it is necessary to investigate the determinants of screen time, which is understood as the total child screen exposure time, including television and interactive media. This is a descriptive, exploratory, and cross-sectional study conducted with 180 children between 24 and 42 months of age, allocated in Group 1, less than two hours daily screen exposure time; Group 2, daily screen exposure time equal to or more than two hours. Bivariate and binary logistic regression analyses were performed. Screen time determining factors studied were family environment, evaluated with the Family Environment Resource Inventory; socioeconomic factors; nutritional status and child development status, evaluated with the Bayley III test. As a result, 63% of children had daily screen time exceeding two hours, and television still is the main culprit for children screen exposure. We observed that screen time exposure was positively associated with family resources, economic level, and language development. However, only the last two factors explained the longer screen time.


الموضوعات
Humans , Child, Preschool , Child , Child Behavior , Screen Time , Parents , Television , Cross-Sectional Studies
3.
Motriz (Online) ; 26(4): e10200095, 2020. tab, graf
مقالة ي الانجليزية | LILACS | ID: biblio-1143320

الملخص

Abstract Aim: to investigate through a systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) the effects of interactive media on the cognitive, language, and motor development of children and adolescents. Methods: Searches were performed with the Medline, AMED, Embase, PEDro, Cochrane, Psychinfo, and ERIC databases in May 2017 with updated in July 2020. For the search strategy, we used descriptors related to "randomized controlled trial", "interactive media" and "children and adolescents up to 18 years old". RCTs that investigated the effectiveness of interactive media in cognitive, motor, and language development of children and adolescents up to 18 years of age with typical development were included. When appropriate, meta-analyses were conducted using a random-effects model. Pooled data were presented using standardized mean difference and 95% confidence interval. We assessed the quality of evidence using the GRADE methodology and the methodological quality using the PEDro scale. Results: of the trials found, 14 references were eligible for this study. The GRADE methodology was used in 13 RCTs. Estimates showed a low level of evidence of a small effect of media use on cognitive development compared to that in the control group and another intervention. No effect on motor and language development. Conclusion: The results of this systematic review do not support claims about the advantages or disadvantages of interactive media in child development. High-quality evidence was found that interactive media is not superior to other interventions for cognitive and language development outcomes and quality of moderate evidence for motor and language development.


الموضوعات
Humans , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Child Development , Cognition , Adolescent Development , Digital Technology/trends , Language Development , GRADE Approach/methods
4.
Rev. Paul. Pediatr. (Ed. Port., Online) ; 38: e2018165, 2020. tab, graf
مقالة ي الانجليزية | LILACS | ID: biblio-1057215

الملخص

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the prevalence of interactive media (tablets and smartphones) use by children aged two to four years old, as well as to characterize this use, and investigate habits, practices, parents' participation and opinion about their child's interactive media use. Methods: A cross-sectional study with 244 parents or legal guardians of children enrolled in daycare centers in a small Brazilian municipality was conducted. A questionnaire based on interactive media use and related habits were applied, and economic level was assessed. Children were divided into three different groups according to media use: Group 1 did not use (n=81); Group 2 uses up to 45 min/day (n=83) and Group 3 uses more than 45 min/day (n=80). Then, they were compared with regard to the sociodemographic variables and media use by the Chi-square test and Student's t-test. Results: The prevalence of interactive media use was 67.2%, with a mean time of use of 69.2 minutes/day (confidence interval of 95% - 95%CI 57.1-81.2). The activities most performed were watching videos (55%), listening to music (33%) and playing games (28%). Most parents reported allowing media use in order to stimulate their child's development (58.4%), accompanying them during use (75.2%), and limiting media time (86.4%). Conclusions: We observed high interactive media use prevalence. The predominant way of using these devices was marked by parent-child participation. Most parents reported believing in the benefits of interactive media. Passive activities were more frequent, with restricted time of use.


RESUMO Objetivo: Descrever a prevalência do uso de mídias interativas (tablets e smartphones) pelas crianças de dois a quatro anos de idade, assim como caracterizar esse uso, investigar hábitos, práticas, participação e opinião dos pais acerca da sua utilização. Métodos: Estudo transversal com 244 pais ou responsáveis de crianças matriculadas em creches de um município brasileiro de pequeno porte. Foi aplicado um questionário sobre hábitos de utilização de mídias interativas e investigação do nível econômico. As crianças foram divididas em 3 grupos de acordo com o uso das mídias: grupo 1 - não utiliza; grupo 2 - utiliza até 45 minutos por dia; e grupo 3 - utiliza mais do que 45 minutos por dia. Os grupos foram comparados quanto às variáveis sociodemográficas e de caracterização do uso das mídias por meio dos testes do qui-quadrado e t de Student. Resultados: A prevalência do uso de mídias interativas foi de 67,2%, com tempo médio de utilização de 69,2 minutos por dia (intervalo de confiança de 95% - IC95% 57,1-81,2). As atividades mais realizadas foram: ver vídeos (55%), escutar músicas (33%) e jogar games (28%). A maioria dos pais relatou permitir a utilização da mídia para estimular o desenvolvimento do seu filho (58,4%), acompanhá-lo durante o uso (75,2%) e limitar o tempo com a mídia (86,4%). Conclusões: Observou-se elevada prevalência do uso de mídias interativas. A forma predominante de utilização das mídias envolve conjuntamente crianças e pais, os quais acreditam nos seus efeitos benéficos. Atividades passivas são as mais realizadas, com restrição do tempo de uso.


الموضوعات
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Parents/psychology , Child Day Care Centers/organization & administration , Mobile Applications/statistics & numerical data , Mass Media/statistics & numerical data , Brazil/epidemiology , Epidemiologic Studies , Child Day Care Centers/statistics & numerical data , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Computers, Handheld/statistics & numerical data , Mobile Applications/trends , Smartphone/statistics & numerical data , Habits
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