Analysis of the effects of low/intermediate dose of coagulation factor Ⅷ on 30 adult patients with severe hemophilia A in a single center / 中华血液学杂志

Objective: To evaluate the clinical effects of low- and intermediate-dose factor Ⅷ (F Ⅷ) prophylaxis in Chinese adult patients with severe hemophilia A. Methods: Thirty adult patients with severe hemophilia A who received low- (n=20) /intermediate-dose (n=10) F Ⅷ prophylaxis at Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital affiliated with Nanjing University Medical College were included in the study. The annual bleeding rate (ABR), annual joint bleeding rate (AJBR), number of target joints, functional independence score of hemophilia (FISH), quality of life score, and health status score (SF-36) before and after preventive treatment were retrospectively analyzed and compared. Results: The median follow-up was 48 months. Compared with on-demand treatment, low- and intermediate-dose prophylaxis significantly reduced ABR, AJBR, and the number of target joints (P<0.05) ; the improvement in the intermediate-dose prophylaxis group was better than that in the low-dose prophylaxis group (P<0.05). Compared with on-demand treatment, the FISH score, quality of life score, and SF-36 score significantly improved in both groups (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05) . Conclusion: In Chinese adults with severe hemophilia A, low- and intermediate-dose prophylaxis can significantly reduce bleeding frequency, delay the progression of joint lesions, and improve the quality of life of patients as compared with on-demand treatment. The improvement in clinical bleeding was better with intermediate-dose prophylaxis than low-dose prophylaxis.

Bioinformatics Analysis of Microarray Data in Myelodysplastic Syndrome Based on Gene Expression Omnibus Database / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To identify the key genes and explore mechanisms in the development of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) by bioinformatics analysis.@*METHODS@#Two cohorts profile datasets of MDS were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed gene (DEG) was screened by GEO2R, functional annotation of DEG was gained from GO database, gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis was performed via Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database, and key genes were screened by Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC) based on STRING database.@*RESULTS@#There were 112 DEGs identified, including 85 up-regulated genes and 27 down-regulated genes. GO enrichment analysis showed that biological processes were mainly enriched in immune response, etc, cellular component in cell membrane, etc, and molecular function in protein binding, etc. KEGG signaling pathway analysis showed that main gene enrichment pathways were primary immunodeficiency, hematopoietic cell lineage, B cell receptor signaling pathway, Hippo signaling pathway, and asthma. Three significant modules were screened by Cytoscape software MCODE plug-in, while 10 key node genes (CD19, CD79A, CD79B, EBF1, VPREB1, IRF4, BLNK, RAG1, POU2AF1, IRF8) in protein-protein interaction (PPI) network were screened based on STRING database.@*CONCLUSION@#These screened key genes and signaling pathways are helpful to better understand molecular mechanism of MDS, and provide theoretical basis for clinical targeted therapy.

Growth retardation of children and its influencing factors in the Nutrition Improvement Program for Rural Compulsory Education Students in 2019 / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective: To understand the growth retardation among primary and secondary school students in areas covered by the Nutrition Improvement Program for Rural Compulsory Education Students and its influencing factors to provide evidence for improving the nutrition status of rural students in China. Methods: The multi-stage cluster random sampling method selected 1 550 969 primary and secondary school students aged 6-15 years from China's central and western regions. The ratio of male and female students was balanced. The height was measured, and the growth retardation of students was determined according to the Screening Criteria for School-age Children and Adolescents malnutrition (WS/T 456-2014), from the school and county questionnaire survey related factors. The number of cases and percentages described the growth retardation of students, and the χ2 test was used for comparison between groups. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze students' growth retardation factors. Results: In 2019, the growth retardation rate of primary and secondary school students in areas covered by the Nutrition Improvement Program for Rural Compulsory Education Students was 5.7% (88 631/1 550 969), the growth retardation rate in the western part (7.1%, 66 167/927 954) was higher than that in the central part (3.7%,19 511/533 973) with difference statistically significant (P<0.001). The growth retardation rate of the boys (6.3%,50 665/803 851) were higher than that of girls (5.1%, 37 966/747 118), the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). The growth retardation rate of primary school students in central China was 3.9%(14 914/380 598), higher than that of junior middle school students (3.0%,4 597/153 375, P<0.001). In contrast, the growth retardation rate of the western junior high school students (7.2%, 21 494/297 217) were higher than that of elementary school students (7.1%, 44 673/630 737), with a difference statistically significant (all P=0.009). Multi-factor logistic regression results showed that, in high income area (OR=0.829, 95%CI: 0.816-0.842, P<0.001), parents providing part of the meal cost (OR=0.948, 95%CI: 0.931-0.965, P<0.001), enterprises providing meals (OR=0.845, 95%CI: 0.805-0.887, P<0.001), schools providing milk (OR=0.780, 95%CI: 0.767-0.793, P<0.001), health education courses (OR=0.702, 95%CI: 0.682-0.723, P<0.001) and other local nutrition improvement efforts (OR=0.739, 95%CI: 0.720-0.758, P<0.001) were negatively correlated with the occurrence of growth retardation, The growth retardation rate of the students was lower. Conclusions: There appeared significant regional, gender, and age differences in the growth retardation rate of primary and middle school students in areas covered by the Nutrition Improvement Program for Rural Compulsory Education Students. Appropriate food supply in schools, health education courses, and parental participation in nutritional improvement was related to children's lower growth retardation rate.

Anemia prevalence and its influencing factors among students involved in the Nutrition Improvement Program for Rural Compulsory Education Students in 2019 / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective: To analyze anemia prevalence and its influencing factors of students involved in the Nutritional Improvement Program for Rural Compulsory Education Students in 2019. Methods: From the 2019 surveillance system of the Nutrition Improvement Program for Rural Compulsory Education Students, 47 297 primary and middle school students aged 6-17 were included in the study. Hemoglobin level was tested according to the criteria of WHO 2011. Anemia prevalence of different genders, ages, and regions was analyzed. Results: The average hemoglobin level was 135.19 g/L, with the prevalence of anemia as 8.7% in the children aged 6-17. The prevalence of anemia was 10.0% in girls, higher than that in boys (7.4%). The prevalence rates in western and central areas were 9.8% and 7.1%, respectively. From northwest, southwest, central and south, east, north to northeast areas of China, the anemia rate appeared gradually decreasing (10.2%, 9.7%, 8.3%, 7.5%, 5.7% and 3.5%). The anemia prevalence rates were 8.0%, 8.3%, and 10.9% in children from the 6-, 11-, and 14-17 years age groups, respectively. Logistic regression models revealed that students from schools not using catering software (OR=1.482, 95%CI:1.296-1.694,P<0.001), schools not serving lunch (OR=1.241, 95%CI:1.103-1.395,P<0.001), and from relatively low-income families (OR=1.297, 95%CI:1.211-1.389, P<0.001) showed as risk factors for anemia. After supplementing students' dietary factors, the results showed that students who ate meat three or more times a week had a lower risk of anemia (OR=0.907, 95%CI:0.832-0.989, P=0.026). Conclusions: The Nutritional Improvement Program for Rural Compulsory Education Students had an essential impact on improving the anemia prevalence of primary and middle school students. Family income, school location, economic factors, school feeding, and students' diet programs all impacted the prevalence of anemia.

Status and influencing factors on the leftover school meals among students the Nutrition Improvement Program for Rural Compulsory Education Students in 2019 / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective: To analyze the situation and influencing factors of school meals leftover among primary and secondary school students in the area of the Nutrition Improvement Program for Rural Compulsory Education Students, improve the quality of school meals, develop healthy dietary behavior, and reduce food waste. Methods: In 2019, among the 50 monitoring counties that implemented the Compulsory Education Student Nutrition Improvement Program, two primary schools and two junior schools were randomly selected according to different food supply patterns.This study randomly selected one or two classes from grade 3 to grade 9. Basic information and school meals of 26 778 students were collected by using a student questionnaire. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of leftovers rate. Results: 54.93% (14 709) of students wasted school meals, in which the highest rate was the staple food, with the main reason as "not in favor". 11.87% (1 743) of the students wasted school meals 6-7 days a week, with 54.20% (7 957) of students wasted but in less amount. The leftover rate of staple food was the highest (29.78%), followed by vegetables and meat. The main reason of leftovers was that they didn't like this kind of food (33.52%). The rate of school meal waste was higher for girls (OR=1.19,95%CI:1.13-1.25), junior high school students (OR=1.17, 95%CI: 1.11-1.25), resident students (OR=1.06, 95%CI: 1.00-1.12), lower economic level (OR=1.06, 95%CI: 1.00-1.12), parents working outside their houses (OR=1.22, 95%CI: 1.13-1.30), health education classes (OR=1.70, 95%CI: 1.40-2.06), company-based meals (OR=1.89, 95%CI: 1.71-2.07) and school meals were not as good as home food(OR=1.89, 95%CI: 1.78-2.00)(P<0.05). Conclusions: It is common for poor rural primary and middle school students in central and western China to waste school meals, and the reasons were affected by many factors. Reducing food waste requires the joint efforts of individuals, families, schools and society.

Metabolism Levels in Precentral Gyrus of Patients after Spinal Cord Injury / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To investigate the changes of metabolite concentration in the precentral gyrus (primary motor cortex, M1) in spinal cord injury (SCI) patients. Methods:From December, 2018 to October, 2019, 20 SCI patients and 15 healthy controls were scaned with magnetic resonance spectroscopy to measure the concentrations of N-acetylaspartate (NAA), choline (Cho), creatine (Cr) and myo-inositol (MI) in region of interest (ROI) of left M1. Results:Concentration of MI was more in the patients than in the controls (t = 3.745, P < 0.01). There was no significant difference in the concentrations of NAA, Cho and Cr, as well as the ratios of NAA/Cr, Cho/Cr, Cho/NAA between the patients and the controls (t < 1.431, P > 0.05). Conclusion:There may be hyperplasia of glial cells in M1 of SCI patients, indicating compensatory repair in cerebral motor cortex.

Aquaporin Over-expression for Constipation in Rats with Spinal Cord Injury / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To investigate the relation between aquaporins (AQPs) and fecal water content in rats with spinal cord injury. Methods:A total of 48 female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into control group (n= 24) and spinal cord injury group (SCI group,n = 24). SCI group underwent transection at T8, while the control group was only subjected to laminectomy. Posterior limb function was assessed by Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) score before modeling and on the 1st, 3rd, 7th, 14th and 28th day after SCI. Fecal water content was measured before modeling and on the 3rd, 14th and 28th day after SCI. Colon specimens were collected to detect the expression of AQP1, AQP3 and AQP4 by immunohistochemistry on the 3rd, 14th and 28th day after SCI. Results:The BBB score was significantly lower in SCI group than in the control group (t > 69.230,P< 0.001) after SCI, as well as the fecal water content (t > 5.814,P< 0.001). The expression of AQP1, AQP3, and AQP4 in the colon was higher in SCI group than in the control group (|t|> 5.165,P < 0.01) on the 3rd, 14th, and 28th day after SCI. The expression of AQPs negatively correlated with fecal water content (r = -0791~-0.730,P< 0.001). Conclusion:The expression of AQPs in the colon of rats after SCI was up-regulated, which was correlated with excessive water absorption after SCI.

Dairy Consumption and Associations with Nutritional Status of Chinese Children and Adolescents / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

OBJECTIVE@#This study aimed to describe frequency and quantity of total dairy consumption of Chinese children and adolescents and explore the associations between dairy consumption and nutrition status, including stunting, wasting, overweight, and obesity.@*METHODS@#Participants included 28,250 children and adolescents aged 6-17 years old. A food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) including 100 kinds of food was used to collect information about frequency and quantity of dairy consumption. Determination of stunting was with a height cutoff value for age and gender, and determination for wasting, overweight, and obesity was with BMI for age and gender.@*RESULTS@#Of the total sample, 36.1% of children aged 6-17 reported consuming dairy food more than once per day (⪖ 1/day). The average total dairy intake of all the participants was 126.7 g/day. For boys, dairy consumption had an inverse correlation with stunting and wasting after controlling for confounders. For girls, dairy consumption was negatively associated with stunting and obesity after controlling for confounders as above.@*CONCLUSION@#Dairy consumption in Chinese children and adolescents was relatively lower than that in developed countries, and was negatively associated with stunting and wasting for boys and with stunting and obesity for girls.

Progress in Evaluation of Neurogenic Bowel Dysfunction after Spinal Cord Injury(review) / 中国康复理论与实践

Neurogenic bowel dysfunction is one of the most common complications of spinal cord injury.It can cause abdominal distension,constipation,fecal incontinence,difficult defecation,prolonged defecation and other symptoms.At present, neurogenic bowel dysfunction is mainly evaluated through general condition,physical examination,experimental exami-nation,professional scales and intestinal microbiota,etc.

Gastrointestinal Motility after Spinal Cord Injury in Rats: An X-ray Study / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective To study the dynamic changes of the intestinal function of neurogenic bowel dysfunction rats caused by spi-nal cord injury using X-ray radiography. Methods Twenty-four female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into control group (n=12) and spinal cord injury group (n=12). The T10spinal cord injury model was established using aneurysm clip (70 grams calibration force) for 60 seconds. The control group exposed the dura only. X-ray Barium was used to observe the dynamic changes of in-testinal function, and HE staining was used to observe the pathology of the colon before and four weeks after modeling. Results Compared with the control group, gastric emptying and intestinal transit function significantly reduced in the spinal cord injury group (P<0.05). Conclusion The spinal cord injury model can be successfully duplicated with aneurysm clip in rats; neurogenic bowel dysfunction occurs after spinal cord injury, gastric emptying and intestinal transit function are weakened.

Apoptotic Mechanism of Human Leukemia K562/A02 Cells Induced by Magnetic Ferroferric Oxide Nanoparticles Loaded with Wogonin / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Traditional Chinese medicine wogonin plays an important role in the treatment of leukemia. Recently, the application of drug-coated magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) to increase water solubility of the drug and to enhance its chemotherapeutic efficiency has attracted much attention. Drugs coated with MNPs are becoming a promising way for better leukemia treatment. This study aimed to assess the possible molecular mechanisms of wogonin-coated MNP-Fe3O4 (Wog-MNPs-Fe3O4) as an antileukemia agent.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>After incubated for 48 h, the antiproliferative effects of MNPs, wogonin, or Wog-MNPs-Fe3O4on K562/A02 cells were determined by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay. The apoptotic rates of K562/A02 cells treated with either wogonin or Wog-MNPs-Fe3O4were determined by flow cytometer (FCM) assay. The cell cycle arrest in K562/A02 cells was determined by FCM assay. The elementary molecular mechanisms of these phenomena were explored by Western blot and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>With cell viabilities ranging from 98.76% to 101.43%, MNP-Fe3O4was nontoxic to the cell line. Meanwhile, the wogonin and Wog-MNPs-Fe3O4had little effects on normal human embryonic lung fibroblast cells. The cell viabilities of the Wog-MNPs-Fe3O4group (28.64-68.36%) were significantly lower than those of the wogonin group (35.53-97.28%) in a dose-dependent manner in 48 h (P < 0.001). The apoptotic rate of K562/A02 cells was significantly improved in 50 μmol/L Wog-MNPs-Fe3O4group (34.28%) compared with that in 50 μmol/L wogonin group (23.46%; P< 0.001). Compared with those of the 25 and 50 μmol/L wogonin groups, the ratios of G0/G1-phase K562/A02 cells were significantly higher in the 25 and 50 μmol/L Wog-MNPs-Fe3O4groups (all P< 0.001). The mRNA and protein expression levels of the p21 and p27 in the K562/A02 cells were also significantly higher in the Wog-MNPs-Fe3O4group compared with those of the wogonin group (all P< 0.001).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>This study demonstrated that MNPs were the effective drug delivery vehicles to deliver wogonin to the leukemia cells. Through increasing cells arrested at G0/G1-phase and inducing apoptosis of K562/A02 cells, MNPs could enhance the therapeutic effects of wogonin on leukemia cells. These findings indicated that MNPs loaded with wogonin could provide a promising way for better leukemia treatment.</p>

Polymorphisms of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase gene and clinical outcomes of gastric cancer patients treated with fluorouracil-based adjuvant chemotherapy in Chinese population / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD), a key enzyme involved in the catabolism of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), is the attractive candidate for pharmacogenetic research on efficacies and toxicities of 5-FU. The aim of this study is to explore the association between polymorphisms of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase gene (DPYD) and clinical outcomes of gastric cancer patients treated with fluorouracil-based adjuvant chemotherapy in the Chinese population.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Three hundred and sixty-two patients with gastric cancer in the Chinese population were treated with fluorouracil-based adjuvant chemotherapy. The single nucleotide polymorphic genotypes of DPYD were determined by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) using DNA samples isolated from peripheral blood collected before treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The average response rate for chemotherapy was 46.7%. A significantly different distribution of the rs1801159 (c2=8.76, P=0.012) genotypes was observed. Homozygous genotype rs1801159A/A was over-represented in responsive patients. Conversely, carriers of the rs1801159A/G genotype were prevalent in non-responsive patients. In the haplotype association analysis, there was significant difference in global haplotype distribution between the groups (c2=3.96, P=0.0465).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>These results suggest that polymorphisms of rs1801159 in DPYD may be used as valuable predictors of the response to fluorouracil-based chemotherapy for gastric cancer patients in the Chinese population. Well-designed, comprehensive, and prospective studies on determining these polymorphisms of DPYD as predictive markers for gastric cancer in response to fluorouracil-based therapies are warranted.</p>

Association of polymorphisms of cytosine arabinoside-metabolizing enzyme gene with therapeutic efficacy for acute myeloid leukemia / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>The cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C)-based chemotherapy is the major remedial measure for acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Deoxycytidine kinase (DCK) and cytidine deaminase (CDA) are the key enzymes in the metabolism of Ara-C. Many single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and haplotypes of DCK and CDA, which contribute to susceptibility to Ara-C, have been identified in Africans and Europeans. However, there has been no report about the relation among three SNPs in DCK (rs115543896, rs72552079, and rs111454937) and two SNPs in CDA (rs2072671 and rs60369023), and their clinical response to Ara-C for a Chinese population. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether these five SNPs are associated with the therapeutic outcomes of Ara-C-based chemotherapy regimens in patients with AML.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 151 Chinese patients with AML were enrolled in our study. SNPs genotyping were performed using the MassARRAY system by means of the matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The results illustrated that DCKrs111454937 AA genotype was more frequent in patients with higher platelet count, and A allele frequency was significantly higher in the group £40 years, lower white blood cell (WBC) count patients group and the group with platelet counts > 60'10(9)/L. Meanwhile, both DCKrs72552079 TC (OR = 1.225, 95%CI = 1.225 - 9.851, P = 0.0192) and CDArs60369023 GA (OR = 9.851, 95%CI = 1.31 - 77.93, P = 0.0263) significantly improved Ara-C-based chemotherapy response. While DCKrs11554389 AA (OR = 0.147, 95%CI = 0.027 - 0.801, P = 0.0267) was associated with the decrease of Ara-C-based chemotherapy response.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>It is evident that the DCK and CDA polymorphisms might be the important markers for the AML patients' therapy outcomes in a Chinese population.</p>

Detection of single nucleotide polymorphisms of mthfr and dpyd genes in leukemia cell lines K562 and K562/A02 / 中国实验血液学杂志

This study was purposed to detect single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of 2 pharmacokinetics-related genes in K562 and K562/A02 cell lines. Leukemia cell line K562 and its resistant line K562/A02 were cultured, the genomic DNA was isolated by QIAamp DNA Blood Mini kit, primers were designed, the related DNA fragments were amplified by PCR. The SNP genotyping of mthfr gene rs1801131, rs1801133 and rs2274976 and dpyd gene rs1801159, rs1801160 and rs17376848 was performed by means of matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry method (MALDI-TOFMS). The results showed that the genotype of mthfr gene locus 1801131 was AC, rs1801133 was CC, rs2274976 was GG, genotype of dpyd gene locus 1801159 was GG, rs1801160 was GG, rs17376848 was AA in both K562 and K562/A02 cell lines. It is concluded that the above-mentioned loci of mthfr and dpyd genes in K562 and K562/A02 cell lines are not expressed differently.

Correlation between single nucleotide polymorphisms and hematological malignancies / 中国实验血液学杂志

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are the 3rd generation of molecular genetic markers of human populations.SNPs determine the functional units of genes and the inherent characteristics of genetic variation, and reflect the individual phenotype, disease susceptibility and differences of response to drug and environmental factors. Hematological malignancy is a multi-gene genetic diseases, and involve in the role of multigenic susceptible genes. This review intends to introduce the single nucleotide polymorphisms and their relevant progress of research on hematologic malignancies, including the SNP of carcinogen-metabolizing enzymes genes, the SNP of DNA repair genes, the SNP of oncogenes and anti-oncogene genes, the SNP of drug-metabolizing enzyme genes and so on.

Detection of single nucleotide polymorphisms of Jak2 gene in multiple myeloma by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry / 中国实验血液学杂志

This study was purposed to investigate the practicality of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) for detection of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) on jak2 gene in multiple myeloma (MM) cells. The DNA fragment containing 2 SNPs of jak2 (C428T and C643T) was amplified using PCR and was purified. The purified product was used as the template for primer extension (PEX). The small products of allele-specific reaction were purified, the SNPs on jak2 gene of 5 patients with MM and 5 healthy persons were detected by MALDI-TOF MS. The results showed that the distribution of genotype C428T and C643T was not different between MM patients and healthy persons, both of which are homozygous T/T. In conclusion, the method based on MALDI-TOF MS and PEX technique for detecting SNP in jak2 gene is rapid, accurate and reliable method, and can be used in clinical practice.

Effects of melatonin on nerve cell apoptosis and expression of Bcl-2 & cytochrome C genes in rat cerebrum with deltamethrin induction / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effects of melatonin (MT) on nerve cell apoptosis and the expression of bcl-2 and cytochrome C genes in rat cerebrum with deltamethrin induction.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>35 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups (eight rats per group): olive oil control, deltamethrin-treated (12.5 mg/kg), deltamethrin plus melatonin (25.0 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg respectively) group. Animal models were established by intraperitoneal injection deltamethrin in rats. Nerve cell apoptosis and the protein expression of bcl-2 and cytochrome C genes were detected by flow cytometry with PI staining and immunohistochemistry respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with DM group (20.73 +/- 3.34), the positive expression gradation of the bcl-2 protein in nerve cell was increased significantly in MT groups (DM + MT(25) was 45.26 +/- 3.84, DM + MT(50) 39.4 +/- 4.04 and DM + MT(100) 34.4 +/- 4.52) (P < 0.05) but significantly lower than the control group (59.33 +/- 4.03). Compared with DM group (34.86 +/- 4.15), the cytochrome C protein in nerve cell was decreased significantly in MT groups (20.53 +/- 3.17, 28.73 +/- 2.61 and 28.66 +/- 4.82 respectively) (P < 0.05). Compared with DM group (23.06 +/- 3.63), the apoptotic rate in nerve cell was decreased significantly in MT groups [(15.0 +/- 1.77)%, (14.88 +/- 1.84)% and (11.75 +/- 1.93)% respectively] (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>MT can protect nerve cell against deltamethrin induced brain injury by inhibiting nerve cell apoptosis, downregulate the protein expression of cytochrome C gene and upregulate the protein expression of bcl-2 gene.</p>

Protective effect of melatonin on oxidative damage by deltamethrin in rat brain / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the potential protective effect of melatonin on the oxidative damage induced by deltamethrin in cerebral cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum of rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>35 male wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups(seven rats per group): olive oil control, deltamethrin-treated (12.5 mg/kg), melatonin(25.0 mg/kg) and deltamethrin plus melatonin (25.0 mg/kg , 2.5 mg/kg respectively) group. Levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione (GSH) in cerebral cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum were determined after 5 days of DM treatments.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>MDA content in cerebral cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum tissue of the DM-treated rats were significantly higher than those in control group, and compared with DM-treated group, MDA content in those tissue of MT + DM-treated group have significantly decreased after 5 days of DM exposure (P < 0.05). Activities of GSH-Px in DM-treated group were significantly lower than those in control group, and those in the MT + DM group were significantly higher than DM group(P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>DM can induce the oxidative damage in rat brain and melatonin has protective effects on deltamethrin-induced oxidative damage in hippocampus, cerebral cortex and cerebellum of rats.</p>