A new norsesquiterpenoid from Arctium lappa leaves / 中国中药杂志

Chemical constituents were isolated and purified from ethyl acetate fraction of Arctium lappa leaves by silica gel, ODS, MCI, and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography. Their structures were identified with multiple spectroscopical methods including NMR, MS, IR, UV, and X-ray diffraction combined with literature data. Twenty compounds(1-20) were identified and their structures were determined as arctanol(1), citroside A(2), melitensin 15-O-β-D-glucoside(3), 11β,13-dihydroonopordopicrin(4), 11β,13-dihydrosalonitenolide(5), 8α-hydroxy-β-eudesmol(6), syringin(7), dihydrosyringin(8), 3,4,3',4'-tetrahydroxy-δ-truxinate(9),(+)-pinoresinol(10), phillygenin(11), syringaresinol(12), kaeperferol(13), quercetin(14), luteolin(15), hyperin(16), 4,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid(17), 1H-indole-3-carboxaldehyde(18), benzyl-β-D-glucopyranoside(19), and N-(2'-phenylethyl) isobutyramide(20). Among them, compound 1 is a new norsesquiterpenoid, and compounds 2-5, 7-8, and 18-20 are isolated from this plant for the first time.

Content Determination of Geniposide in Biyuanshu Oral Liquid by Micellar Electrokinetic Capillary Chromatography / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To establish a micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography method for content determination of geniposide in Biyuanshu Oral Liquid. Methods Acetaminophen was used as an internal standard, and the separation was performed on an uncoated fused silica capillary of 52 cm × 50 μm ID (42 cm effective length) with the separation voltage of 25.0 kV. The running buffer contained 50 mmol/L borax, 100 mmol/L sodium dodecyl sulfate and 15％ acetonitrile (pH=10). The sample was injected by pressure (10 s, 0.5 psi) and detected at 238 nm. Results Geniposide was in good linearity range of 15.02–320.48 μg/mL (r=0.9995). The repeatability (low, medium and high concentration of samples) and intermediate precision assays gave satisfactory RSD values of less than 1.77％and 2.01％, respectively. The average recovery of geniposide in Biyuanshu Oral Liquid was 97.50％ and the RSD was 4.43％. The contents of geniposide determined by micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography were in accordance with the results of HPLC analysis. Conclusion The method is simple, fast, accurate and precise, which can be used for the content determination of geniposide in Biyuanshu Oral Liquid.

Visual pathway and pituitary stalk protection in pituitary tumor surgery and the clinical outcome / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the association of microsurgical anatomy and growth of pituitary tumors with the recovery of visual pathway, and describe the intraoperative protection of the pituitary stalk and visual pathway.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 113 patients undergoing pituitary tumor surgery were retrospectively analyzed, including 102 with visual disorder and 106 with pituitary dysfunction with the tumor size ranging from 1.9 to 6.8 cm. All the operations were performed via a transpterygoid approach or transfrontal approach.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Radical resection of the tumors was performed in 86 cases, subtotal resection in 21 cases, and partial resection in 5 cases. After operation, 133 eyes showed vision improvement (77.8%), 29 showed no vision changes (17%) and 9 had deteriorated vision. Two patients died due to hypothalamic disorder and multiple organ failure.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The arachnoid barrier between the pituitary tumor and visual pathway is an important structure for visual pathway protection during operation. Total separation of the tumor from the visual pathway allows total removal of the tumor. The preoperative localization and intraoperative identification of the pituitary stalk are critical for pituitary stalk protection.</p>

Application of intraoperative neural electrophysiological monitoring during spinal cord surgery:report of 11 cases / 中华神经医学杂志

Objective To summarize our experience with intraoperative neural electrophysiological monitoring during spinal cord surgery. Methods The clinical data of 11 patients undergoing spinal cord surgery with intraoperative neural electrophysioiogical monitoring were retrospectively reviewed, and the monitoring was performed by recording the motor-evoked potential (MEP), somatosensory evoked potential (SEP), and evoked electromyography (EMG). Results Subtotal resection of the intramedullary cystic lesion was performed in 1 case and partial resection of the intramedullary tumor in another. In 9 cases of tethered spinal cord syndrome, obvious improvement was obtained in 8 cases, and the other 1 case showed no obvious changes in the symptoms after the operation. In all the 11 cases, the spinal cord remained intact and its function was totally preserved without damage of the eonus medullaris or the cauda equine. Conclusion Combined monitoring of MEP, SEP, and evoked EMG during spinal cord surgery is useful for protecting the spinal cord and the nerves roots, and may enhance the detection of the tethered tissue and ensure better safety of operations.