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Aim: To investigate the alleviating effect of NMDA receptor blocking on learning and memory impairment induced by gp120 in rats and its mechanism. Methods: (1 ) Thirty-two SD rats were randomly divided into control group, sham operation group, gpl20 group, and gp120 + Memantine group. Except for the control group, the other groups underwent a bilateral hippocampal injection to establish the model of learning and memory impairment in rats. Memantine (10 mg • kg
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Aim To study the effects of cucurbitacin B (Cu B) on proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma Huh-7 cells and its mechanism. Methods CCK-8 was used to detect the survival rate of Huh-7 cells with different concentrations of Cu B. Huh-7 cells were treated with Cu B (0. 5, 1, 2 njnol; L
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Objective:To investigate the inhibitory effect of deoxyribonuclease Ⅰ (DNaseⅠ) on Cutibacterium acnes biofilms. Methods:Cutibacterium acnes biofilms were constructed, and then were divided into 4 groups (negative control group, 5, 10 and 20 U/ml DNase Ⅰ groups) to be treated with DNase Ⅰ at different concentrations of 0, 5, 10 and 20 U/ml respectively. The biofilm viability was evaluated by tetrazolium salt colorimetric assay, the biofilm content was determined by crystal violet staining-based semi-quantitative analysis, the biofilm structure was observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy, and the live/dead bacteria ratio was calculated. One-way analysis of variance was used to analyze differences between groups. Results:After the treatment with DNase Ⅰ, the biofilm viability was significantly inhibited in the 5, 10 and 20 U/ml DNaseⅠ groups (1.882 ± 0.421, 1.653 ± 0.287, 1.473 ± 0.154, respectively) compared with the negative control group (2.668 ± 0.245), and the inhibitory effect was gradually enhanced with the increase in concentrations of DNase Ⅰ ( F = 9.68, P = 0.005). Crystal violet semi-quantitative analysis showed that the biofilm content was also significantly lower in the 5, 10 and 20 U/ml DNaseⅠ groups (1.039 ± 0.003, 0.489 ± 0.079, 0.147 ± 0.034, respectively) than in the negative control group (1.359 ± 0.071), and the higher the DNase Ⅰ concentration, the lower the biofilm content ( F = 174.40, P < 0.001). Confocal laser scanning microscopy showed that the biofilm structure was destroyed in the 5, 10 and 20 U/ml DNase Ⅰ groups compared with the negative control group, and the higher the DNase Ⅰ concentration, the more severe the destruction of biofilm structure. Additionally, the live/dead bacteria ratio was significantly lower in the 5, 10 and 20 U/ml DNaseⅠ groups (2.303 ± 0.457, 1.534 ± 0.526, 1.263 ± 0.354, respectively) than in the negative control group (4.475 ± 0.146), and the ratio decreased with the increase in concentrations of DNase Ⅰ ( F = 56.75, P < 0.000 1) . Conclusion:DNase Ⅰ had a destructive effect on the structure of Cutibacterium acnes biofilms, and could inhibit their viability.
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Objective:To evaluate a surgical approach for partial resection of the tenth rib through a retroperitoneal approach for the exposure of Crawford type IV thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm and complex abdominal aortic aneurysm from 2014 to 2019.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical data and follow-up results of 7 patients who underwent treatment for Crawford type IV thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm and complex abdominal aortic aneurysm through partial resection of the tenth rib via a retroperitoneal approach.Results:One case (14.3%) had associated Marfan syndrome, and 5 cases (71.4%) underwent left renal artery reconstruction. None of the patients experienced severe complications such as cardiopulmonary complications or renal failure postoperatively, and there was no statistically significant difference in serum creatinine levels between preoperative and postoperative stages during hospitalization ( P=0.205). Follow-up examinations showed no long-term vascular stenosis. Conclusions:Partial resection of the tenth rib through a retroperitoneal approach can avoid incisions of the pleura and diaphragm. It allows for the exposure of the aorta below the diaphragm and has the ability to treat aortic diseases below the diaphragm with smaller incisions and lower complication risks.
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Objective:To investigate the effect of different incubation time of aminolevulinic acid (ALA) on photodynamic inhibition of Propionibacterium acnes biofilms. Methods:Propionibacterium acnes biofilms were formed in 24-well plates with pre-placed cell slides and 96-well plates. The formation of the biofilm structure was observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) , and the growth activity of the biofilm was assessed by the tetrazolium salt XTT assay. The in vitro successfully constructed biofilm models were divided into 6 groups: negative control group receiving neither ALA treatment nor LED radiation, ALA group incubated with ALA alone for 30 minutes, LED group receiving LED radiation alone, ALA-PDT1 group, ALA-PDT2 group and ALA-PDT3 group incubated with ALA for 15, 30 and 60 minutes respectively followed by LED radiation. After the treatment, CLSM was performed to observe the biofilm structure, as well as to determine the dead/living bacteria ratio, and XTT assay to assess the growth activity of the biofilm. Differences among groups were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and least significant difference- t test. Results:CLSM showed that the Propionibacterium acnes biofilm model was successfully constructed in vitro. The dead/living bacteria ratios were 0.90 ± 0.16, 1.75 ± 0.19, and 2.57 ± 0.32 in the ALA-PDT1 group, ALA-PDT2 group and ALA-PDT3 group respectively, which were significantly higher than the dead/living bacteria ratio in the negative control group (0.31 ± 0.01; t= 55.56, 138.62, 74.64, respectively, all P<0.001) ; the biofilm viability value was significantly lower in the ALA-PDT1 group, ALA-PDT2 group and ALA-PDT3 group (0.35 ± 0.02, 0.26 ± 0.02, 0.18 ± 0.01, respectively) than in the negative control group (0.43 ± 0.00; t= 35.66, 2.64, 110.96, respectively, all P < 0.001) . CLSM showed that the structure of the Propionibacterium acnes biofilm was destroyed under the action of ALA-PDT, and the destruction was aggravated with the prolongation of incubation time of ALA. Conclusion:The prolongation of incubation time of ALA can enhance the inhibitory effect of ALA-PDT on Propionibacterium acnes biofilms.
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Objective: To understand the virulence gene and drug resistance profile of Shigella sonnei outbreak in Huainan city, and conduct pathogenic traceability analysis. Methods: Water samples and feces related to an infectious diarrhea outbreak in Huainan city in August 2020 were collected for multiple pathogen detection. Virulence gene, drug sensitivity, pulse-field gel electrophoresis and whole genome sequencing of Shigella isolates were analyzed respectively. Results: 38 strains of Shigella sonnei were detected in 56 samples of mucilage feces with a positive rate 67.86%, and all serotypes were Shigella sonnei Phase I. Three strains of Shigella sonnei were detected by fluorescence PCR in the Gram-negative (GN) bacterial enrichment solution of terminal water and well water. Virulence genes were ipaH positive (38), ipaH/ial (31) and ipaH/ial/sen positive (1), respectively. The drug resistance spectrum showed that 9 of 14 antibiotics were 100% resistant, and only imipenem, chloramphenicol, ceftazidime and ciprofloxacin were effective drugs. XbaⅠ restriction enzyme map type of 36 isolates was completely consistent, and the ST type analysis of 3 strains was ST152. Whole genome sequencing and analysis verified that the outbreak was caused by a single clonal group of strains, and revealed that the isolates of the outbreak were clustered into a large cluster with 3 Chinese strains and 1 Korean strain in the database, far away from the strains of other countries. Conclusion: The outbreak is caused by a single clone of Shigella sonnei, which are low virulence strains and have multiple drug resistance.
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Humans , Disease Outbreaks , Dysentery, Bacillary/microbiology , Shigella , Shigella sonnei/genetics , Water/pharmacologyالملخص
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the expression of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMK Ⅱ) in pancreatic tissues of mice with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) and explore the protective effect of KN93, a CaMK Ⅱ inhibitor, against pancreatic injury in SAP and the possible mechanism.@*METHODS@#Thirty-six healthy male C57 mice were randomly divided into sham operation group, SAP group, KN93 group and SAP + KN93 group (n=9). Serum and pancreatic tissue samples were collected 24 h after modeling. The pathological changes in the pancreatic tissues were observed using HE staining. Serum lipase and amylase activities and the levels of inflammatory factors were detected using ELISA. Western blotting was used to detect the expressions of CaMK Ⅱ, p-CaMK Ⅱ, p-NF-κB, MAPK and p-MAPK in mouse pancreas.@*RESULTS@#Compared with those in sham operation group, the expressions of p-CaMK Ⅱ, p-NF-κB and p-MAPK were significantly increased in SAP group (P < 0.05). KN93 treatment obviously alleviated pathological injuries of the pancreas in SAP mice, and significantly lowered serum levels of lipase, amylase and inflammatory factors (TNF-α and IL-6) and phosphorylation levels of NF-κB, ERK and MAPK proteins (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The activity of CaMK Ⅱ is significantly increased in the pancreatic tissue of SAP mice. KN93 can alleviate pancreatic injury and inflammation in SAP mice possibly through the ERK/MAPK signaling pathway.
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Animals , Male , Mice , Acute Disease , Inflammation/metabolism , NF-kappa B/metabolism , Pancreas/pathology , Pancreatitis/pathologyالملخص
Objective:To investigate the effect of licochalcone A (LCA) on apoptosis in human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells, and to explore its possible mechanism. Method:MDA-MB-231 cells were treated with LCA of different concentrations, and<italic> </italic>cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was used to detect the cell viability. The cells were treated with LCA (10, 20, and 40 μmol·L<sup>-1</sup>) for 24 h, and apoptosis was detected by Annexin V staining with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) and propidium iodide (PI) (Annexin V-FITC/PI). The level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) was detected by 2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFA-DA) fluorescent probe. Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was detected by 5, 5′, 6, 6′-tetrachloro-1, 1′, 3, 3′-tetraethyl-imidacarbocyanine (JC-1) fluorescence probe. Western blot was used to detect the expression of cell apoptosis-related proteins, such as B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related proteins, such as C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), protein kinase R-like ER kinase (PERK), p-PERK, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha (eIF2<italic>α</italic>), and p-eIF2<italic>α</italic>. Result:With the increase in the drug concentration (starting from 5 μmol·L<sup>-1</sup>), the cell viability decreased (<italic>P<</italic>0.05) with IC<sub>50 </sub>of 19.05 μmol·L<sup>-1</sup> as compared with the normal group. Additionally, the apoptosis rates of the LCA groups (10, 20, 40 μmol·L<sup>-1</sup>) significantly increased (<italic>P</italic><0.05), which reached 30.2% (<italic>P</italic><0.05) at LCA concentration of 40 μmol·L<sup>-1</sup>. LCA (10, 20, and 40 μmol·L<sup>-1</sup>) decreased the expression of Bcl-2 (<italic>P<</italic>0.05) and increased Bax expression (<italic>P<</italic>0.05) in a dose-dependent manner. Besides, the intracellular ROS level was elevated (<italic>P<</italic>0.05) and mitochondrial MMP was reduced (<italic>P<</italic>0.05) after LCA (10, 20, and 40 μmol·L<sup>-1</sup>) treatment in a dose-dependent manner, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction. LCA (10, 20, and 40 μmol·L<sup>-1</sup>) induced ER stress to up-regulate the expression of CHOP, ATF4, p-PERK, and p-eIF2<italic>α</italic> (<italic>P<</italic>0.05) in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion:LCA can induce MDA-MB-231 cell apoptosis by increasing intracellular ROS level and reducing MMP to trigger mitochondrial dysfunction and ER stress.
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Objective:To investigate the effect of total ginsenoside ginseng root on the learning and memory impairment and anxiety of hindlimb suspension rats by detecting the performance of rats in the water maze, elevated plus maze, and the expression of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, inflammatory factors and tryptophan pathway related factors through the intervention of ginsenosides in hindlimb suspension rats. Method:The Wistar male rats were divided into normal group, hindlimb suspension model group, Huperzine A group (0.1 mg·kg<sup>-1</sup>), and total ginsenoside ginseng root low and high dose groups (100, 200 mg·kg<sup>-1</sup>), with 8 rats in each group. Except for the normal group, the rats in the other groups maintained a -30° hindlimb suspension state for 24 h. The normal group and the model group received intragastric administration of 10 mL·kg<sup>-1</sup> pure water . After 28 days of continuous administration, the water maze and elevated plus maze behavioral tests were performed. After the tests, blood was taken from the abdominal aorta, and the rat brain cortex was peeled off on ice, quenched with liquid nitrogen, and stored at -80 ℃ for later use. LC-MS/MS was used to detect neurotransmitter levels of dopamine, acetylcholine, glutamate, <italic>γ</italic>-aminobutyric acid and tryptophan pathway metabolites (tryptophan, 5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, kynurenine, 3-hydroxykynurenine, and kynurenine) in rat brain cortex. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit was used to detect the levels of inflammatory factors interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10, the HPA axis-related hormone corticotropin (ACTH), and the level of corticosterone (CORT). Result:Compared with the normal group, the escape latency in the water maze significantly increased, the number of crossings was significantly reduced, and the number of open-arm entry and the percentage of open-arm entry were significantly reduced in the elevated plus maze in model group (<italic>P</italic><0.05,<italic> P</italic><0.01), the content of dopamine, acetylcholine, glutamic acid, and <italic>γ</italic>-aminobutyric acid in the cortex decreased, kynurenine and kynurenic acid showed an upward trend, 3-hydroxykynurenine, 5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid showed a downward trend, and the levels of IL-6, IL-10, ACTH, and CORT in the serum significantly increased (<italic>P</italic><0.05, <italic>P</italic><0.01). Compared with the model group of rats, total ginsenoside ginseng root low and high dose groups group reduced the avoidance latency in the water maze, and increased the number of crossings and the number of open arms of the elevated plus maze, dopamine, acetylcholine, glutamate, and <italic>γ</italic>-aminobutyl content increased, while kynurenine and kynurenic acid showed a downward trend, 3-hydroxykynurenine, serotonin, and 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid showed an upward trend, and IL-6, IL-10, ACTH, and CORT factor levels were down-regulated(<italic>P</italic><0.05, <italic>P</italic><0.01). Conclusion:Hindlimb suspension for 28 days in simulated microgravity can impair the learning and memory ability of rats and cause anxiety-like behaviors. Total ginsenoside ginseng root can improve their learning and memory impairment and anxiety-like behaviors. The mechanism may be mainly related to inhibiting body inflammation and regulating HPA axis imbalance.
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Objective:To investigate the effect and mechanism of saikosaponin A (SSA) on the reversal of cisplatin (DDP) resistance in human lung cancer cell line A549/DDP. Methods:The resistance of A549 and A549/DDP cells to DDP and the inhibitory effects of SSA against the proliferation of A549 and A549/DDP cells were detected using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8). The apoptosis rates of A549/DDP cells treated with SSA or DDP or SSA combined with DDP and the changes in reactive oxygen species (ROS) were determined by flow cytometry. The mRNA expression levels of C-myc, B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) and cysteinyl aspartate-specific protease-3 (Caspase-3) were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR), followed by the determination of <italic>β</italic>-catenin transcriptional activity using the TopFish dual-luciferase reporter assay system and the measurement of <italic>β</italic>-catenin protein expression in A549/DDP cells by Western blot. Results:The results of CCK-8 assay showed that the DDP resistance of A549/DDP cells was 12.82 times that of A549 cells (<italic>P</italic><0.05). SSA inhibited the viability of A549 cells with the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC<sub>50</sub>) being 34.9 μmol·L<sup>-1</sup>, and also suppressed the viability of A549/DDP cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Since the inhibition rate of 20 μmol/L SSA against A549/DDP cells was less than 10%, the reversal concentration was set at 20 μmol/L. Flow cytometry revealed that compared with the control, DDP alone increased the apoptosis rate of A549/DDP cells (<italic>P</italic><0.05), stimulated the accumulation of intracellular ROS (<italic>P</italic><0.05), down-regulated the mRNA expression levels of C-myc and Bcl-2 in A549/DDP cells, up-regulated Caspase-3 mRNA expression, and reduced the transcriptional activity of <italic>β</italic>-catenin (<italic>P</italic><0.05). Compared with the DDP group, the SSA+DDP group exhibited obviously increased apoptosis of A549/DDP cells, enhanced accumulation of intracellular ROS, down-regulated C-myc and Bcl-2 mRNA expression, up-regulated Caspase-3 mRNA expression (<italic>P</italic><0.05), and weakened <italic>β</italic>-catenin transcription (<italic>P</italic><0.05). DDP combined with SSA better decreased the <italic>β</italic>-catenin protein expression in contrast to that of control or DDP (<italic>P</italic><0.05). Conclusions:SSA enhances the sensitivity of A549/DDP cells to DDP possibly by inhibiting the activation of Wnt/<italic>β</italic>-catenin pathway.
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Objective:To understand the clinical diagnosis and treatment ability of Chinese and French medical students, so as to improve the education of clinical medicine in China, improve the diagnosis and treatment ability of medical students, and provide reference for improving training quality of medical personnel.Methods:Retrospective analysis was made on the clinical skills competition of Chinese and French medical students, and the percentages of three categories of students' scores were compared (1 team of general practice residents, 3 teams of Chinese undergraduates, and 3 teams of French undergraduates).Results:In clinical basic skills such as electrocardiogram and imaging interpretation site, the scores of general practice residents were higher than those of Chinese and French undergraduates, and there was no significant difference between Chinese and French undergraduates. In clinical virtual case sites, except for few items in surgery site, general practice residents and Chinese undergraduates were better than French undergraduates in many evaluation items. In the internal medicine site, 6 out of 8 scoring items of French undergraduates were higher than those of Chinese undergraduates. In the medical team comprehensive first-aid site, 8 out of 10 scoring items of Chinese undergraduates were higher than those of French undergraduates.Conclusion:Clinical thinking and decision-making of undergraduates in our university need to be improved compared with that of French students. The general practice residents in our school need to be strengthened in the aspects of clinical thinking, decision-making and the cooperation with emergency team.
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@#Objective To evaluate the efficacy of hybrid ablation through compared with thoracoscopic epicardial ablation. Methods In this study, 108 patients with all long-standing persistent atrial fibrillation (LSPAF) received thoracoscopic epicardial ablation (TEA) after enrollment. There were 82 males and 26 females at age of 56.5±9.4 years. After blanking-period, patients off antiarrhythmic therapy with sinus rhythm were divided into a hybrid ablation (HA) group (50 patients) and a TEA group (58 patients). Only patients in the HA group received catheter ablation after randomization subsequently. In at least two-year observation period, cardiovascular risk factors were observed in all groups’ patients. Results The mean follow-up duration was 17.3-41.8 (26.9±6.1) months and there was no significant difference between two groups [8.2-40.6 (27.5±5.7) months in the HA group and 17.3-41.8 (26.4±6.7) months in the TEA group]. The off antiarrhythmic agents (AADs) sinus rhythm rate was significantly higher in the HA group than that in the TEA group at the time of postoperative 6, 12, 24 and 36 months [96.0%, 90.0%, 83.7%, 83.7% versus 79.3%, 75.9%, 67.3%, 63.1%, HR=0.415 (95%CI 0.206-0.923)]. Conclusion We can conclude that the efficacy of two-staged hybrid ablation for LSPAF is superior to thoracoscopic epicardial ablation alone. Patients can obtain benefit from a supplemental radiofrequency catheter ablation after blanking-period of surgical ablation, instead of those without a supplemental ablation.
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To establish a quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker(QAMS) method for five flavonoids in Rhododendron anthopogonoides and verify its feasibility and applicability in the medicinal materials of R. anthopogonoides. With hyperoside as the internal reference, relative correction factors(RCF) of rutin, quercetin, quercitrin and kaempferol were established by high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) analysis. RCFs were used to calculate the content of each component, system durability and relative retention time. Simultaneously, QAMS and external standard method(ESM) were used to determine the content of five flavonoids in 12 batches of R. anthopogonoides from different origins. The results were statistically analyzed to verify the accuracy and feasibility. The fingerprints and cluster analysis data of R. anthopogonoides analyzed and discussed differences among the batches. According to the results, the RCFs of rutin, quercetin, quercetin and kaempferol in R. anthopogonoides were 1.242 6, 0.990 5, 0.535 0, and 0.781 3, respectively. The RCFs represented a good reproducibility under different experimental conditions. Besides, there was no significant difference between QAMS and ESM. Besides, the fingerprint and cluster analysis data showed the consistency between the classification and with the origin distribution of the herbs. In conclusion, the QAMS method shows a good stability and accuracy in the quality control of R. anthopogonoides.
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Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Flavonoids , Medicine, Tibetan Traditional , Reproducibility of Results , Rhododendronالملخص
We reported an advanced prostate cancer patient underwent muti-disciplinary treatment with long time survival. After 18 months of androgen deprive therapy, the disease progressed to metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer(mCRPC) stage. So enzalutamide was added and combined with radiotherapy for bone metastases, which achieved excellent survival benefits. From the diagnosis to September 2021, the patients survived for 97 months, including 79 months in the mCRPC stage. the tumor related symptoms disappeared, the PSA remained < 0.003ng/ml, and the imaging lesions remained stable.
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Objective@#To analyze the correlation of the sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) level with semen parameters and pregnancy outcomes of artificial insemination of the husband (AIH) in the cycle of intrauterine insemination (IUI).@*METHODS@#We collected the clinical data on 777 cases of IUI, including female clinical indicators, male semen parameters, sperm DFI and pregnancy outcomes. According to the DFI level, we divided the patients into three groups: DFI < 15%, 15% ≤ DFI < 30% and DFI ≥ 30%.@*RESULTS@#The sperm DFI level was significantly elevated with the increased age of the males (P = 0.002) and closely related to the total number of motile sperm (P = 0.002) and total sperm motility (P = 0.000) before treatment, as well as to sperm concentration (P = 0.000), total sperm motility (P = 0.001) and total number of progressively motile sperm (P = 0.000) after density gradient centrifugation. The rate of clinical pregnancy was decreased in the DFI ≥ 30% group. There were no statistically significant differences between sperm DFI and the rates of clinical pregnancy and abortion.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Male age significantly affects the sperm DFI level. Sperm DFI is closely related to sperm motility and total number of progressively motile sperm, but not to the rates of clinical pregnancy and abortion in patients undergoing IUI. IUI can be used as an effective method of assisted reproduction for male infertility./.
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Female , Humans , Male , Pregnancy , DNA Fragmentation , Insemination, Artificial, Homologous , Pregnancy Outcome , Semen , Sperm Motility , Spermatozoaالملخص
Objective To investigate the risk factors for patients using intraoperative vasopressor infusions during carotid body tumor(CBT)excision.Patients' mean arterial pressure(MAP)and heart rate(HR)fluctuations as well as their requirements for vasoactive agents during surgery were assessed. Methods The patients receiving CBT excision in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from May 1,2013 to July 31,2017 were included for a retrospective cohort study.The potential factors of intraoperative requirement for vasopressor infusions were investigated using univariate analysis and Logistic multivariate analysis.Furthermore,the relationships of Shamblin types of CBT with intraoperative MAP/HR fluctuations and requirements for vasoactive agents were analyzed. Results A total of 108 patients with 116 CBTs were included.Univariate analysis revealed that maximum tumor diameter >4 cm,intraoperative internal carotid artery injury,internal carotid artery reconstruction,malignant pathology,advanced Shamblin types(type Ⅱ and Ⅲ),estimated blood loss ≥400 ml,and operation duration >4 hours were associated with intraoperative requirements for vasopressor infusions.Logistic analysis showed that Shamblin type Ⅲ(OR=2.286,95% CI=1.324-14.926,P=0.016)and operation duration >4 hours(OR=3.874,95% CI=1.020-14.623,P=0.046)were risk factors for intraoperative requirements for vasopressor infusions during CBT surgery.In addition,Shamblin type Ⅲ was associated with intraoperative abnormal HR elevation and requirements for vasopressors.Conclusions Shamblin type Ⅲ and operation duration>4 hours are risk factors for intraoperative requirements of patients for using vasopressor infusions during CBT surgery.Shamblin type Ⅲ is associated with intraoperative abnormal HR elevation and requirements for vasopressors.
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Humans , Carotid Body Tumor , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Treatment Outcome , Vascular Surgical Proceduresالملخص
Additional sex combs-like 1 (ASXL1) interacts with BRCA1-associated protein 1 (BAP1) deubiquitinase to oppose the polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1)-mediated histone H2A ubiquitylation. Germline BAP1 mutations are found in a spectrum of human malignancies, while ASXL1 mutations recurrently occur in myeloid neoplasm and are associated with poor prognosis. Nearly all ASXL1 mutations are heterozygous frameshift or nonsense mutations in the middle or to a less extent the C-terminal region, resulting in the production of C-terminally truncated mutant ASXL1 proteins. How ASXL1 regulates specific target genes and how the C-terminal truncation of ASXL1 promotes leukemogenesis are unclear. Here, we report that ASXL1 interacts with forkhead transcription factors FOXK1 and FOXK2 to regulate a subset of FOXK1/K2 target genes. We show that the C-terminally truncated mutant ASXL1 proteins are expressed at much higher levels than the wild-type protein in ASXL1 heterozygous leukemia cells, and lose the ability to interact with FOXK1/K2. Specific deletion of the mutant allele eliminates the expression of C-terminally truncated ASXL1 and increases the association of wild-type ASXL1 with BAP1, thereby restoring the expression of BAP1-ASXL1-FOXK1/K2 target genes, particularly those involved in glucose metabolism, oxygen sensing, and JAK-STAT3 signaling pathways. In addition to FOXK1/K2, we also identify other DNA-binding transcription regulators including transcription factors (TFs) which interact with wild-type ASXL1, but not C-terminally truncated mutant. Our results suggest that ASXL1 mutations result in neomorphic alleles that contribute to leukemogenesis at least in part through dominantly inhibiting the wild-type ASXL1 from interacting with BAP1 and thereby impairing the function of ASXL1-BAP1-TF in regulating target genes and leukemia cell growth.
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Objective To explore the cause and the treatment strategies of iliac limb occlusion after endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair(EVAR). Methods The patients receiving EVAR in PUMC Hospital from January 2015 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.Sixteen(2.7%)cases of iliac limb occlusion were identified,among which 6,9,and 1 cases underwent surgical bypass,endovascular or hybrid procedure,and conservative treatment,respectively. Results Fifteen cases were successfully treated.During the 10.6-month follow-up,2 cases receiving hybrid treatment underwent femoral-femoral bypass due to re-occlusion of the iliac limb. Conclusions Iliac limb occlusion mostly occurs in the acute phase after EVAR,and endovascular or hybrid treatment can be the first choice for iliac limb occlusion.It is suggested to focus on the risk factors for prevention.
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Humans , Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/surgery , Blood Vessel Prosthesis , Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation/adverse effects , Endovascular Procedures , Iliac Artery/surgery , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Stents , Treatment Outcomeالملخص
Objective: To optimize the extraction process parameters of Guizhi Shaoyao Zhimu Granules (GSZG). Methods: Using high performance liquid chromatography and Elisa, the extraction rate of trans-cinnamaldehyde, paeoniflorin, mangiferin, glycyrrhizic acid, the dry extract yield of extracted herbs and inflammatory factor IL-6 were comprehensively evaluated. The information entropy weighting method was used to determine the objective weight of each index, and response surface methodology was adopted to optimize the extraction process parameters of GSZG. Results: The method had good linear relationship within the range of 3.27-104.64 μg/mL for trans-cinnamaldehyde (r = 0.999 9), 8.16-261.03 μg/mL for paeoniflorin (r = 1.000 0), 1.39-89.27 μg/mL for mangiferin (r = 0.999 9), and 1.00-33.00 μg/mL for glycyrrhizic acid ammonium salt (r = 0.999 9). Guizhi-Shaoyao-Zhimu extraction had the effect of inhibiting the proliferation of MH7A cells (molded by TNF-α) with IC50 of 1.02 mg/mL, and had anti-inflammatory activity. Entropy method was more scientific, reasonable and stable. According to the comprehensive scoring results and practical situation, it was determined that the best extraction process of the preparation was to add 16 times the amount of water, and decocted three times for 1 h each time. The RSD of the predicted value was less than 3% compared with the measured value. Conclusion: The preferred process has high extraction rate, with good stability and repeatability, which is suitable for the mass production of GSZG.
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Objective:To summarize the surgical treatment of malignant carotid body tumor (MCBT).Methods:A retrospective analysis of 14 MCBT patients admitted at our hospital from Mar 2005 to Nov 2019 was made, and the imaging data, surgical records, perioperative complications and follow-up data were collected.Results:There were 8 males and 6 females, with an average age of (40.8±11.3) years. 10 patients underwent surgical resection of CBT, with one case undergoing tumor enucleation only, nine cases underwent internal carotid artery reconstruction, and all patients underwent intraoperative lymph node biopsy.Tumors were completely removed in all 10 patients. No perioperative death or cerebral infarction occurred. The intraoperative blood loss was (955±658.5) ml. Four patients had permanent nerve injury after surgery. The follow-up time ranged 1-132 months. There were no cases of cerebral infarction or death, and the reconstructed graft remained patent. Apart from the 2 patients who developed tumor metastasis after surgery, other patients recovered uneventfully with no disease progression.Conclusions:Surgery is still the main treatment for MCBT, but MCBT is large and Shamblin class is more advanced. Therefore, complete tumor removal and reconstruction of the carotid arteries are difficult. Surgery should seek to completely remove the tumor and neck lymph node biopsy should be performed to determine the lymph node metastasis.