الملخص
Abstract Specific products containing natural resources can contribute to the innovation of complete denture hygiene. Objective: To conduct an in vitro evaluation of experimental dentifrices containing essential oils of Bowdichia virgilioides Kunth (BvK), Copaifera officinalis (Co), Eucalyptus citriodora (Ec), Melaleuca alternifolia (Ma) and Pinus strobus (Ps) at 1%. Methodology: The variables evaluated were organoleptic and physicochemical characteristics, abrasiveness (mechanical brushing machine) simulating 2.5 years, and microbial load (Colony Forming Units - CFU/mL), metabolic activity (XTT assay) and cell viability (Live/Dead® BacLight™ kit) of the multispecies biofilm (Streptococcus mutans: Sm, Staphylococcus aureus: Sa, Candida albicans: Ca and Candida glabrata: Cg). Specimens of heat-polymerized acrylic resins (n=256) (n=96 specimens for abrasiveness, n=72 for microbial load count, n=72 for biofilm metabolic activity, n=16 for cell viability and total biofilm quantification) with formed biofilm were divided into eight groups for manual brushing (20 seconds) with a dental brush and distilled water (NC: negative control), Trihydral (PC: positive control), placebo (Pl), BvK, Co, Ec, Ma or Ps. After brushing, the specimens were washed with PBS and immersed in Letheen Broth medium, and the suspension was sown in solid specific medium. The organoleptic characteristics were presented by descriptive analysis. The values of density, pH, consistency and viscosity were presented in a table. The data were analyzed with the Wald test in a generalized linear model, followed by the Kruskal-Wallis test, Dunn's test (mass change) and the Bonferroni test (UFC and XTT). The Wald test in Generalized Estimating Equations and the Bonferroni test were used to analyze cell viability. Results: All dentifrices showed stable organoleptic characteristics and adequate physicochemical properties. CN, Ec, Ps, Pl and PC showed low abrasiveness. There was a significant difference between the groups (p<0.001) for microbial load, metabolic activity and biofilm viability. Conclusions: It was concluded that the BvK, Ec and Ps dentifrices are useful for cleaning complete dentures, as they have antimicrobial activity against biofilm. The dentifrices containing Bowdichia virgilioides Kunth showed medium abrasiveness and should be used with caution.
الملخص
Abstract Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the etiological agent of the disease coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) in humans. SARS-CoV-2 has been identified in cats with or without clinical signs. Case presentation: We describe the pathological and molecular findings in a six-month-old asymptomatic cat with SARS-CoV-2 infection from Brazil, belonging to a human family with COVID-19 cases. The pool of nasopharynx and oropharynx swabs at day zero tested positive by RT-qPCR for SARS-CoV-2. No amplification resulted from molecular testing performed on days 7 and 14. The cat was hit by a car and died 43 days after the molecular diagnosis. Immunohistochemistry at post-mortem examination demonstrated nucleocapsid protein in samples from the lungs, kidneys, nasal conchae, trachea, intestine, brain and spleen. Conclusion: The present study has highlighted the possibility that viral antigens can be detected by immunohistochemistry in multiple organs six weeks after infection, although the same tissues tested negative by RT-PCR.
الملخص
Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the etiological agent of the disease coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) in humans. SARS-CoV-2 has been identified in cats with or without clinical signs. Case presentation: We describe the pathological and molecular findings in a six-month-old asymptomatic cat with SARS-CoV-2 infection from Brazil, belonging to a human family with COVID-19 cases. The pool of nasopharynx and oropharynx swabs at day zero tested positive by RT-qPCR for SARS-CoV-2. No amplification resulted from molecular testing performed on days 7 and 14. The cat was hit by a car and died 43 days after the molecular diagnosis. Immunohistochemistry at post-mortem examination demonstrated nucleocapsid protein in samples from the lungs, kidneys, nasal conchae, trachea, intestine, brain and spleen. Conclusion: The present study has highlighted the possibility that viral antigens can be detected by immunohistochemistry in multiple organs six weeks after infection, although the same tissues tested negative by RT-PCR.(AU)
الموضوعات
Animals , Cats , Immunohistochemistry , SARS-CoV-2/immunology , COVID-19/diagnosis , Antigens/analysis , Oropharynx , Nasopharynxالملخص
RESUMO Diferentes técnicas de tratamento de água destinada ao abastecimento público, como a pré-cloração e o uso de coagulantes orgânicos, têm sido relatadas como alternativas econômica, técnica e ambientalmente viáveis. Entretanto, o resultado da interação entre esses processos deve ser estudado para sua aplicação com segurança. Dessa forma, este estudo objetivou avaliar a influência da pré-cloração na clarificação de água para abastecimento público, utilizando coagulante à base de tanino. Os ensaios foram conduzidos em jar test com o uso de Tanfloc SG como coagulante, variando as dosagens de 2,5 a 45,0 mg L−1, e de oxidante hipoclorito de sódio (NaClO) nas concentrações de cloro residual livre (HClO(NaClO)) de 0,8 e 5,0 mg L−1, no tratamento da água do ribeirão João Leite. As dosagens ótimas de coagulante foram determinadas para as seguintes condições de tratamento: adição somente de tanino; tanino e NaClO aplicados simultaneamente; e tanino adicionado após 30 min da pré-cloração. Nessas condições, o pH de coagulação foi analisado de 6,0 a 8,5. Foram avaliados parâmetros como turbidez, cor aparente, pH e HClO(NaClO). A melhor condição de tratamento com pré-cloração foi a adição simultânea de NaClO e coagulante tanino nas dosagens de 0,8 mg L−1 (HClO(NaClO)) e 10,0 mg L−1, respectivamente, com remoção de turbidez de 71,6% e cor aparente de 62,7%. Os resultados demonstraram que a pré-cloração afetou negativamente o processo de tratamento, e para maior concentração de HClO(NaClO) maior foi a dosagem de tanino requerida, sem apresentar aumento significativo nas eficiências de remoção de turbidez e cor aparente.
ABSTRACT Different techniques in the treatment of water intended for public supply such as pre-chlorination and use of organic coagulants have been reported as economic, technical and environmental viable alternatives. However, the result of the interaction between these processes should be studied for their safe application. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the influence of pre-chlorination on coagulation and flocculation of water for public supply using a tannin-based coagulant. The assays were conducted in Jar Test using Tanfloc SG as a coagulant, varying the dosages from 2.5 to 45.0 mg L−1, and sodium hypochlorite oxidant (NaClO) in the concentrations of free residual chlorine (HClO(NaClO)) of 0.8 and 5.0 mg L−1, in the water treatment of João Leite River. Optimal coagulant dosages were determined for the following treatment conditions: addition of tannin only; tannin and NaClO applied simultaneously; and, tannin added after 30 min of pre-chlorination. Under these conditions, the coagulation pH was analyzed from 6.0 to 8.5. Parameters such as turbidity, apparent color, pH and HClO (NaClO) were evaluated. The best treatment condition with pre-chlorination was the simultaneous addition of NaClO and coagulant at dosages of 0.8 mg L−1(HClO(NaClO)) and 10.0 mg L−1 respectively, with turbidity removal of 71.6% and apparent color of 62.7%. In general, the results showed that pre-chlorination negatively affected the process being that the higher concentration of HClO(NaClO) the higher tannin dosage, without presenting a significant increase in the efficiencies of turbidity and apparent color removal.
الملخص
O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar o efeito da atividade de água (Aw) nas farinhas de cascas e albedo de maracujá (FCAM) e farinha de arroz (FA) processadas por extrusão, gerando uma farinha mista pré-cozida de casca e albedo e arroz (FMCAMA). A determinação da (Aw) foi realizada utilizando aparelho digital Aqualab®, modelo CX-2, à temperatura de 25ºC. Os resultados da (Aw) foram mais baixos para as amostras de farinha de cascas e albedo de maracujá e arroz nas amostras FMCAMA1 (0,276±0,015), FMCAMA2 (0,227±0,005) e FMCAMA3 (0,259±0,034) do que para as amostras de FMI industrializada: FMI1 (0,618±0,005), FMI2 (0,553±0,003) e FMI3 (0,540±0,004).
الموضوعات
Whole Utilization of Foods , Oryza , Passiflora , Water/analysis , Chemical Phenomena , Garbageالملخص
ABSTRACT Objective: To compare medication errors in two emergency departments with electronic medical record, to two departments that had conventional handwritten records at the same organization. Methods: A cross-sectional, retrospective, descriptive, comparative study of medication errors and their classification, according to the National Coordinating Council for Medication Error Reporting and Prevention, associated with the use of electronic and conventional medical records, in emergency departments of the same organization, during one year. Results: There were 88 events per million opportunities in the departments with electronic medical record and 164 events per million opportunities in the units with conventional medical records. There were more medication errors when using conventional medical record - in 9 of 14 categories of the National Coordinating Council for Medication Error Reporting and Prevention. Conclusion: The emergency departments using electronic medical records presented lower levels of medication errors, and contributed to a continuous improvement in patients´ safety.
RESUMO Objetivo: Comparar os erros de medicações de duas unidades de pronto atendimento que possuíam prontuário eletrônico aos de duas unidades que possuíam prontuário convencional manual em uma mesma instituição. Métodos: Estudo transversal, retrospectivo, descritivo, que comparou a incidência de erros de medicações e sua classificação, segundo o National Coordinating Council for Medication Error Reporting and Prevention, associado ao uso do prontuário eletrônico e do convencional, em unidades de pronto atendimento de uma mesma instituição por um ano. Resultados: Foram observados 88 eventos por milhão de oportunidades nas unidades com prontuário eletrônico e 164 por milhão de oportunidades nas unidades com prontuário convencional. Houve mais erros de medicações nas unidades com prontuário convencional − em 9 das 14 categorias da National Coordinating Council for Medication Error Reporting and Prevention analisadas. Conclusão: Com a utilização do prontuário eletrônico, as unidades de pronto atendimento apresentaram menores índices de erros de medicações, contribuindo para melhoria continuada na segurança do paciente.
الموضوعات
Humans , Medication Errors/statistics & numerical data , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Retrospective Studies , Emergency Service, Hospital , Electronic Health Records , Medication Errors/classification , Medication Errors/prevention & controlالملخص
ABSTRACT Objectives: to assess the action of ear acupuncture on disability and tissue temperature in people with chronic pain in the spinal column. Method: a clinical trial with a sample of 110 people, randomized into three groups: Treatment, Placebo and Control. The assessment instruments were the Rolland Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ) and a thermographic camera, administered before the first treatment session, one week after and 15 days after (follow-up) the fifth session of ear acupuncture. In the analysis of the data, the Kruskal Wallis, Student-Newman Keuls and Wilcoxon tests were applied. Results: there was a significant reduction in disability in the Treatment and Placebo groups between the initial and final assessments (p<0.05) and between the initial assessments and follow-up (p<0.05). In the final assessment, the Treatment group presented improvement of disability when compared with the Placebo and Control groups (p<0.05). There was an increase in mean tissue temperature of the dorsal region between the initial and follow-up assessments in Treatment and Control groups (p<0.05), and between the final assessments and follow-up in the Treatment and Placebo groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: ear acupuncture was efficacious in reducing disability and increasing tissue temperature in people with chronic pain in the spinal column. Brazilian Register of Clinical Trials (RBR-5X69X2).
RESUMO Objetivos: avaliar a ação da auriculoacupuntura na incapacidade e na temperatura tissular de pessoas com dor crônica na coluna vertebral. Método: ensaio clínico com amostra de 110 pessoas, randomizadas em três grupos: Tratado, Placebo e Controle. Os instrumentos de avaliação foram o Questionário de Incapacidade de Rolland Morris e uma câmera termográfica, aplicados antes da primeira sessão de tratamento, uma semana após e 15 dias após (follow up) à quinta sessão de auriculoacupuntura. Na análise dos dados, aplicaram-se os testes Kruskal-Wallis, Student-Newman-Keuls e Wilcoxon. Resultados: houve redução significativa da incapacidade nos grupos Tratado e Placebo entre as avaliações inicial e final (p<0,05) e entre as avaliações inicial e follow up (p<0,05). Na avaliação final, o grupo Tratado apresentou melhora da incapacidade se comparado ao Placebo e ao Controle (p<0,05). Houve aumento na temperatura média tissular da região dorsal entre as avaliações inicial e follow up no Tratado e Controle (p<0,05). Entre as avaliações final e follow up no Tratado e Placebo (p<0,05). Conclusão: a auriculoacupuntura foi eficaz para reduzir a incapacidade e aumentar a temperatura tissular em pessoas com dor crônica na coluna vertebral. Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clínicos (RBR-5X69X2).
RESUMEN Objetivos: evaluar la acción de la auriculoacupuntura en la incapacidad y en la temperatura del tejido de personas con dolor crónico en la columna vertebral. Método: ensayo clínico con muestra de 110 personas, asignadas aleatoriamente en tres grupos: Tratado, Placebo y Control. Los instrumentos de evaluación fueron el Cuestionario de Incapacidad de Rollad Morris y una cámara termográfica, aplicados antes de la primera sesión de tratamiento, una semana después y quince días después (follow up) de la quinta sesión de auriculoacupuntura. En el análisis de los datos se aplicaron las pruebas Kruskal-Wallis, Student-Newman Keuls y Wilcoxon. Resultados: hubo reducción significativa de la incapacidad en los grupos Tratado y Placebo, entre las evaluaciones inicial y final (p<0,05) y entre las evaluaciones inicial y follow up (p<0,05). En la evaluación final, el grupo Tratado presentó mejoría de la incapacidad si comparado al Placebo y al Control (p<0,05). Hubo aumento en la temperatura media del tejido de la región dorsal entre las evaluaciones inicial y follow up en el Tratado y Control (p<0,05), y entre las evaluaciones final y follow up en el Tratado y Placebo (p<0,05). Conclusión: la auriculoacupuntura fue eficaz en reducir la incapacidad y en aumentar la temperatura del tejido en personas con dolor crónico en la columna vertebral. Registro Brasileño de Ensayos Clínicos (RBR-5X69X2).
الموضوعات
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Spine , Acupuncture, Ear , Chronic Pain/therapy , Pain Management/methodsالملخص
Introducción: En la encefalitis por anticuerpos contra receptores N-Metil-D-Aspartato (NMDA) se genera una disfunción neuronal del ácido gamma-aminobutírico (GABA), con desregulación del glutamato y la dopamina. Los teratomas y las infecciones virales se presumen causales de la respuesta autoinmunitaria. La clínica evoluciona por etapas con un pródromo similar a una infección viral con posteriores manifestaciones psiquiátricas y convulsiones, seguidas de disfunción motora, cognitiva y autonómica. El diagnóstico se basa en la clínica y la presencia de anticuerpos del receptor NMDA. El tratamiento incluye inmunoterapia y eventual eliminación del tumor. La enfermedad puede ser letal o provocar daño irreversible en regiones corticales. Objetivo: Destacar la importancia del diagnóstico precoz en los casos de encefalitis autoinmune para una mayor efectividad de los tratamientos postulados. Reporte de caso: Paciente femenina de 13 años de edad, con diagnóstico de diabetes tipo I; presenta dolor y pérdida de fuerza con movimientos involuntarios en miembro superior izquierdo con dificultad en la deambulación, más episodio convulsivo tónico clónico generalizado seguido de manifestaciones neuropsiquiátricas. Se sospecha encefalitis autoinmune, se dosan anticuerpos anti ácido glutámico descarboxilasa (GAD) y anti NMDA, con resultados positivos. Recibe corticoterapia, inmunoglobulina endovenosa, rituximab y plasmaferesis. Presenta escasa mejoría clínica, con persistencia de síntomas secuelares psiquiátricos y neurológicos. Discusión: Es importante sospechar esta entidad aunque las manifestaciones clínicas iniciales sugieran otras etiologías. El tratamiento inmunosupresor agresivo no debería demorarse aun cuando no se haya confirmado la positividad de los anticuerpos NMDA. El buen pronóstico depende del inicio precoz del tratamiento.
Introduction: The encephalitis by antibodies against NMDA receptors, a neuronal dysfunction of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is generated, with deregulation of glutamate and dopamine. Teratomas and viral infections are presumed to be the cause to the autoimmune response. The clinic evolves in stages with a prodrome similar to a viral infection with subsequent psychiatric manifestations and seizure, followed by motor, cognitive and autonomic dysfunction. Diagnosis is based on clinical symptoms and the presence of NMDA receptor antibodies. The treatment includes immunotherapy and, eventually, elimination of the tumor. The disease can be lethal or cause irreversible damage in cortical regions. Objective: Highlight the importance of early diagnosis in cases of autoimmune encephalitis for greater effectiveness of postulated treatments. Case report.:13 year old female patient diagnosed with type I diabetes; presents pain, loss of strength and involuntary movements of the upper left limb and ambulation difficulties, associeted with a generalized tonic-clonic seizure episode followed by neuropsychiatric manifestations. Autoinmune encefalitis was suspected so antiglutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) and anti-NMDA antibodies were dosed, which throw a positive result. The patient receives corticotherapy, intravenous immunoglobulin, rituximab and plasmapheresis. Presenting little clinical improvement, with persistence of psychiatric and neurological sequelae symptoms. Discussion: It is important to suspect this entity although the initial clinical manifestations suggests other etiologies. Aggressive immunosuppressive therapy should not be delayed even when the positivity of NMDA antibodies has not been confirmed. The good prognosis depends on the early start of the treatment.
الموضوعات
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Early Diagnosis , Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis/prevention & control , Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate , Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis/diagnosis , Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis/therapyالملخص
Resumo Objetivo: Avaliar a variação temporal e a correlação entre o bem-estar espiritual e coping religioso/espiritual de pessoas com insuficiência renal crônica em tratamento hemodialítico. Metodologia: Estudo descritivo, analítico e longitudinal. A amostra inicial contou com 118 participantes com perda de 31 ao final das coletas, o que reduziu a amostra final para 87 participantes. Foram aplicados, por meio de entrevista, o questionário sociodemográfico e clínico, a Escala de Coping Religioso/Espiritual Breve (CRE-Breve) e a Escala de Bem-estar Espiritual (EBE) em três coletas distintas, realizadas a cada dois meses. Resultados: Verificou-se que as pessoas com insuficiência renal crônica em hemodiálise fazem uso do enfrentamento religioso e espiritual. A média do CRE positivo foi 3,34, que reflete um escore alto. O EBE total e o EBE religioso associaram-se significativamente à importância dada à religião/espiritualidade (p < 0,001). Conclusão: Os pacientes com insuficiência renal crônica em tratamento hemodialítico entrevistados neste estudo utilizam o coping religioso/espiritual de forma positiva e significativa, da mesma forma que consideram importante a religião/espiritualidade em suas vidas.
Resumen Objetivo: Evaluar la variación temporal y la correlación entre el bienestar espiritual y el afrontamiento religioso/espiritual en personas con insuficiencia renal crónica sometidas a hemodiálisis. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo, analítico y longitudinal. La muestra inicial contó con 118 participantes, pero al final de la recopilación de datos hubo una pérdida de 31, lo que redujo la muestra a 87. Se aplicaron mediante entrevistas el cuestionario sociodemográfico y clínico, la Escala de Coping Religioso/Espiritual Breve (CRE-Breve) y la Escala de Bem-estar Espiritual (EBE). La recopilación de datos se realizó en tres etapas, con intervalos frecuentes de dos meses. Resultados: Se encontró que las personas con insuficiencia renal crónica sometidas a hemodiálisis suelen recurrir al afrontamiento religioso y espiritual. La media positiva de CRE fue de 3,34, lo que reflejó una alta puntuación. Por su parte, el EBE total y el EBE religioso se asociaron significativamente con la importancia que se le da a la religión/espiritualidad (p < 0,001). Conclusiones: Los pacientes con insuficiencia renal crónica sometidos a hemodiálisis utilizan el afrontamiento religioso/espiritual de manera positiva y significativa; así mismo, consideran importante la religión/ espiritualidad en sus vidas.
Abstract Objective: To assess temporal variation and correlation between spiritual well-being and spiritual/religious coping in people with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis. Methodology: Longitudinal, descriptive and analytical study. Initial sample was composed of 118 participants, but at the end of data collection, there was a loss of 31 participants, which is why the sample was reduced to 87. A socio-demographic and clinical questionnaire, the Brief Spiritual/ Religious Coping Scale (Brief-SRCOPE Scale), and The Spiritual Well-Being Scale (SWB) were applied using interviews. Data collection were carried out in three stages, at two-month frequent intervals. Results: It was found that people with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis tend to resort spiritual and religious coping. The spiritual/religious coping mean positive was 3.34, reflecting a high score. On the other hand, total SWB and the religious SWB were significantly associated with the importance given to spirituality/religion (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Patients with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis make use of spiritual/religious coping positively and significantly; likewise, they regard religion/spirituality as important in their lives.
الموضوعات
Humans , Patients , Renal Dialysis , Spirituality , Renal Insufficiency , Adaptation, Psychological , Renal Insufficiency, Chronicالملخص
Objetivo: Refletir sobre os impactos da dor crônica na vida das pessoas e a assistência de enfermagem no processo. Metodología: Trata-se de um ensaio reflexivo, fundamentado em uma revisão teórica. O estudo foi desenvolvido entre os meses de maio de 2015 a julho de 2016. Os dados foram analisados e logo organizados nos seguintes eixos temáticos: O impacto da dor crônica sobre a qualidade de vida das pessoas, Dor como quinto sinal vital: a importância de sua avaliação e Assistência de enfermagem ao paciente com dor crônica. Resultados: Vários são os impactos que a dor acarreta na vida das pessoas e, quando este sintoma se torna crônico, a repercussão sobre a qualidade de suas vidas é mais intensa. Portanto, uma avaliação abrangente, holística e multiprofissional da pessoa com dor faz-se necessária, de forma que o enfermeiro, por meio do estabelecimento do processo de enfermagem, desempenhe um papel fundamental pelo processo de reconhecimento e controle desta condição com a implementação de diagnósticos acurados e intervenções efetivas. Conclusão: A dor crônica merece atenção especial do enfermeiro, de forma que a avaliação e o tratamento sejam os mais abrangentes possível, a fim de minimizar o impacto negativo da dor sobre a vida das pessoas.
Objetivo: Reflexionar sobre el impacto del dolor crónico en la vida de las personas y en los cuidados de enfermería en el proceso. Metodología: Ensayo reflexivo, el cual se fundamentó en una revisión teórica. El estudio se realizó entre los meses de mayo de 2015 a julio de 2016. Los datos se analizaron y luego se organizaron en los siguientes ejes temáticos: El impacto del dolor crónico sobre la calidad de vida de las personas, El dolor como quinta señal vital: la importancia de su evaluación y Cuidados de enfermería a los pacientes con dolor crónico. Resultados: El dolor impacta de varias formas en la vida de las personas y, cuando este síntoma se vuelve crónico, repercute más intensamente en la calidad de vida. Por lo tanto, se hace indispensable realizar una evaluación completa, holística y multi-profesional de la persona que padece algún dolor, de manera que el enfermero, al establecer el proceso de enfermería, desempeñe un papel fundamental en el reconocimiento y control de esta condición con la implementación de diagnósticos precisos y de intervenciones efectivas. Conclusiones: El dolor crónico requiere de una atención especial por parte del enfermero para que la evaluación y el tratamiento sean lo más completos posible, con el fin de minimizar el impacto negativo del dolor sobre la vida de las personas.
Objective: To reflect about impact of chronic pain on people's life and on the nursing care in the process. Methodology: This is a reflexive essay, based on a theoretical review. The study was developed between May 2015 and July 2016. The data were analyzed and after organized in thematic axes as follows: The impact of chronic pain on people's quality of life, Pain as a fifth vital sign: the importance of its evaluation, and Nursing care to the patient with chronic pain. Results: Pain impacts in several ways on people's life, and, when this symptom becomes chronic, it resonates more intensively on quality of life. A comprehensive, holistic, and multi-professional evaluation to person with pain is necessary, so that nurse, setting up the nursing process, plays a central role in recognition and control of this status with the implementation of accurate diagnoses and effective interventions. Conclusions: Chronic pain needs a special attention by nurse so that assessment and treatment to be as complete as possible, in order to minimize the negative impact of pain on people's life.
الموضوعات
Humans , Attention , Comprehensive Health Care , Chronic Pain , Nursing Careالملخص
OBJETIVO: realizar a adaptação cultural e a avaliação das propriedades psicométricas do Questionário do Comportamento Planeado no Diabetes Cuidado Com os Pés. METODOLOGIA: investigação Metodológica em que foi realizada análise semântica por um comitê de juízes, pré-teste e, posteriormente, teste-reteste, análise de consistência interna e análise fatorial exploratória, em uma amostra de 130 pessoas com diabetes mellitus de uma Estratégia de Saúde da Família. Instituiu-se 6,35% de alteração semântica na escala original. RESULTADOS: o questionário se mostrou estável (p>0,05 para a maioria dos itens, ICC=0,675); boa consistência interna (Alfa de Cronbach:>0,7 em quatro domínios), ótima relação entre os domínios (KMO=0,741) e estabilidade na estrutura fatorial. CONCLUSÃO: O instrumento demonstrou ser adequado para ser replicado no cenário brasileiro.
AIM: To carry out the cultural adaptation and evaluation of the psychometric properties of a Questionnaire on Planned Behavior in Diabetes - Foot Care. METHODOLOGY: This is a methodological study in which semantic analysis was carried out by a committee of judges; pre-test and subsequently test-retest; internal consistency analysis and exploratory factor analysis were carried out on a sample of 130 people with diabetes mellitus of a Family Health strategy. We instituted 6.35% of semantic change in the original scale. RESULTS: The questionnaire remained stable (p> 0.05 for most items, CHF = 0.675); good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha:> 0.7 in the four areas), great relationship between the domains (KMO = 0.741) and stability in the factorial structure. CONCLUSION: The instrument proved to be suitable for replication in a Brazilian scenario.
OBJETIVO: realizar la adaptación cultural y la evaluación de las propiedades psicométricas del Cuestionario sobre el Comportamiento Planeado en la Diabetes Cuidado Con los Pies. METODOLOGÍA: investigación metodológica en el que se realizó el análisis semántico por un comité de jueces, pre-test y, posteriormente, test-retest, análisis de consistencia interna y análisis factorial exploratorio, en una muestra de 130 personas con diabetes mellitus de una Estrategia de Salud de la Familia. Se instituyó 6,35% de alteración semántica en la escala original. RESULTADOS: el cuestionario se mostró estable (p>0,05 para la mayoría de los ítems, ICC=0,675); buena consistencia interna (Alfa de Cronbach:>0,7 en cuatro dominios), óptima relación entre los dominios (KMO=0,741) y estabilidad en la estructura factorial. CONCLUSIÓN: El instrumento demostró ser adecuado para ser replicado en el escenario brasileño.
الموضوعات
Humans , Psychometrics , Health Behavior , Surveys and Questionnaires , Diabetic Foot , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 , Self Care , Wounds and Injuries , Health Education , Noncommunicable Diseasesالملخص
Quality of life and depression are relevant to the health of the elderly. Studies indicate a positive association between religiosity and health. This study investigated quality of life, depressive symptoms and their relationship with religiosity in the elderly. The study included 287 older people from a unit of the Family Health Strategy. Data were collected by means of the instruments: John Flanagan's Quality of Life Scale, the short Geriatric Depression Scale and the Duke University Religion Index. The elderly showed high levels of religiosity, which, according to Pearson's product-moment correlation coefficient, was positively associated with quality of life (p<0.004), but not related to depressive symptoms. Results indicated a high degree of satisfaction among the elderly subjects with their quality of life, whereas 83% showed mild depression. In conclusion, religiosity is related to improvement in quality of life in the elderly.
Este estudio investigó la calidad de vida, síntomas depresivos y su relación con la religiosidad en los ancianos. El estudio incluyó a 287 personas mayores de una unidad de la Estrategia Salud de la Familia. Durante la recolección de datos, se utilizaron los instrumentos: Escala de Calidad de Vida de Flanagan, Escala de depresión Geriátrica y la Escala Abreviada de Religiosidad de Duke. Las personas mayores mostraron altos niveles de religiosidad, que, de acuerdo con el coeficiente de correlación de Pearson, se asoció positivamente con la calidad de vida (p<0,004), pero no se relaciona a los síntomas depresivos. Los resultados indican un alto grado de satisfacción con la calidad de vida, mientras que el 83% de las personas mayores han demostrado la depresión leve. Llegamos a la conclusión que la religiosidad se relaciona con mejoras en la calidad de vida en las personas mayores.
Qualidade de vida e depressão são relevantes na saúde do idoso. Estudos indicam uma associação positiva entre religiosidade e saúde. Este estudo investigou a qualidade de vida, os sintomas depressivos e a relação destes com a religiosidade em idosos. Participaram do estudo 287 idosos de uma unidade da Estratégia Saúde da Família. Na coleta de dados, utilizaram-se os instrumentos: Escala de Qualidade de Vida de Flanagan, Escala de Depressão Geriátrica Abreviada e Escala de Religiosidade de Duke. Os idosos apresentaram elevado índice de religiosidade, o que, de acordo com o Coeficiente de Correlação de Pearson, se associou de forma positiva à qualidade de vida (p<0,004), mas não teve relação com os sintomas depressivos. Os resultados indicaram alto grau de satisfação em relação à qualidade de vida, embora 83% dos idosos tenham apresentado depressão leve. Conclui-se que a religiosidade está relacionada a melhores índices de qualidade de vida em idosos.
الموضوعات
Humans , Aged , Quality of Life , Religion , Aged , Nursing , Depressionالملخص
One of the mechanisms by which adjuvants are believed to promote T-cell activation and prevent induction of oral tolerance is by up-regulating the expression of co-stimulatory molecules on antigen presenting cells. Mice treated orally with palmitoyl-ovalbumin conjugates become immunized, while those treated with native ovalbumin (Ova) become tolerant. Cells from the peritoneal cavity of B6D2F1 mice were cultured in the presence of 0.01, or 0.1 mg/100ml of either Ova, or palmitoyl-Ova and tested for the presence of cell markers. PE-conjugated anti-mouse CD80, CD86, and CD11b antibodies as well as biotin-PE were used to stain the antigen-activated peritoneal cells. A significant increase in the expression of CD86 and CD80 was observed following in vitro stimulation with palmitoyl-Ova; additionally, both Ova and palmitoyl-Ova induced the basal expression of CD11b. These findings could be related with the strong T-cell proliferative response induced by palmitoyl-Ova.
الملخص
The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of ethanol on the adsorption and tissue distribution of orally administered antigens in mice. Results showed that ethanol reduced the level of anti-ovalbumin IgA antibodies in intestinal fluid for the mice treated orally with a palmitoyl-ovalbumin conjugate. Ethanol was administered intragastrically to mice at 5 g/kg body weight for 14 days (chronic treatment), or 10 g/kg body weight every 7th day up to 14 days (acute treatment). Thereafter, 99m technetium-labeled antigens were administered and lymphoid tissues were collected. Ethanol interfered with the transport of ovalbumin to the liver. Moreover, the transport of palmitoyl-ovalbumin to mesenteric lymph nodes was reduced 6 h after the antigen administration. In conclusion, there was a relationship between the suppression of ethanol-mediated specific local IgA responses and the decreased transport of palmitoyl-ovalbumin to mesenteric lymph nodes.
الملخص
A deficiência renal crônica é uma doença sistêmica que provoca a perda da autonomia do paciente, levando-o a limitações físicas, restrições laborais e também a perdas sociais. Pacientes com esse tipo de patologia geralmente são submetidos a sessões regulares de hemodiálise, um tratamento rigoroso e debilitante. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar o nível de estresse e a ansiedade de pacientes submetidos à hemodiálise no Instituto do Rim de Natal, no estado do Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil. Para a coleta de dados, foram utilizados dois instrumentos: Inventário de Sintomas para Stress para Adultos de Lipp e Inventário de Ansiedade Traço-Estado. A amostra (n=100) apresentou homogeneidade em relação ao sexo, com média de idade de 46 anos e predominância de indivíduos casados, aposentados e com renda familiar baixa. Os resultados obtidos no primeiro instrumento revelaram que 71% dos pacientes encontravam-se estressados, dos quais 47% estavam na fase de resistência. Todos os pacientes entrevistados apresentaram ansiedade com níveis de moderado (66%) a severo (34%). Esses dados levam a descrever esse grupo de pacientes como altamente sujeitos ao estresse e à ansiedade.
Chronic renal failure is a systemic disease that provokes the loss of autonomy of the patient leading to physical limitations, work restrictions, and social losses. Patients with this type of pathology are usually treated by hemodialysis, a rigorous and debilitating treatment. The goal of this study was to assess levels of stress and anxiety in patients undergoing hemodialysis at the Instituto do Rim clinic in Natal in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. The Lipp Stress Symptoms Inventory and the Trait-State Anxiety Inventory were used for the data collection. The sample (n=100) showed homogeneity in relation to gender, with a mean age of 46 and a predominance of married and retired individuals, with low family incomes. The results showed that the majority of the patients (71%) suffered high levels of stress, specifically in the resistance phase, and the incidence of psychological symptoms was greater than the physical manifestations. Furthermore, all the individuals presented moderate (66%) or high levels (34%) of anxiety. According to these data patients with chronic renal failure showed high levels of stress and anxiety.