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Objective To investigate the mechanism of Guizhi Fuling Pills in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)and endometriosis(EMT).Methods TCMSP was utilized to obtain the active ingredients and related targets of the constituent Chinese medicines of Guizhi Fuling Pills.GeneCards,PharmGKB,and TTD databases were used to screen PCOS and EMT disease targets,respectively.The Venn R diagram was drawn after obtaining the intersecting targets of drugs and diseases using the Venn R package in R software,the drug-active ingredient-potential target interactions network diagram was made in Cytoscape,the intersecting target protein-protein interactions(PPI)network diagram was drawn in the STRING platform,and Cytoscape was used to optimize the PPI network and screen the core targets.R language was applied for Gene Ontology(GO)enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)enrichment analysis,and AutoDockTools was for molecular docking.Results A total of 85 active ingredients and 191 corresponding targets of Guizhi Fuling Pills were obtained,and 77 potential targets of Guizhi Fuling Pills for the treatment of PCOS and EMT.The core active ingredients of Guizhi Fuling Pills for PCOS and EMT were quercetin,β-sitosterol,kaempferol,hederagenin,baicalein,and the core targets were AKT1,EGFR,IL-6,TNF,and TP53.GO functional analysis yielded 2 020 biological process,34 cellular components,126 molecular functions,and KEGG enrichment analysis yielded 165 signaling pathways.Molecular docking showed that the core components in the formula docked well with the targets.Conclusion Guizhi Fuling Pills may regulate the signaling pathways of lipid and atherosclerosis,AGE-RAGE signaling pathway,fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis,and chemical carcinogenesis-receptor activation through quercetin,β-sitosterol,kaempferol,hederagenin,and baicalein,and act on AKT1,EGFR,IL-6,TNF,and TP53,thus treating PCOS and EMT with homotherapy for heteropathy.
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Objective To screen the optimal regimen of Chinese medicine combined with hormones for the treatment of premature ovarian failure(POF)using network meta-analysis and to provide an evidence-based basis for the clinical treatment of POF.Methods The randomized controlled trials(RCTs)of Chinese medicine combined with hormones in the treatment of POF were retrieved from thhe domestic and oversea databases of CNKI,VIP,Wanfang,CBM,PubMed,Cochrane,Embase,and Web of Science.The quality of the literature was assessed using the tools for analysis of bias recommended by Cochrane Reviewer's Handbook and by Jadad scale scores.Rstudio and StataSE 15.1 statistical software were used to perform network meta-analysis and graphical presentation of the data.Results A total of 50 RCTs were included,covering 8 intervention methods.The overall risk of bias of the included studies was low,but the quality of the literature was generally low.The results of network meta-analysis showed that,in terms of the effective rate,the intervetion of 7 various Chinese medicines combined with hormone was superior to the conventional treatment(hormone replacement therapy,HRT)in the control group,and Nuangong Qiwei Powder+HRT was superior to the remaining 6 kinds of Chinese medicines combined with HRT;with reference to the values of the surface under the cumulative ranking curve(SUCRA),the efficiencies of the effective rate of the 8 intervention methods in descending order were Nuangong Qiwei Powder+ HRT(SUCRA=81.2),Zishen Yutai Pills + HRT(SUCRA=80.0),modified Zuogui Pills + HRT(SUCRA= 66.1),Ankun Zhongzi Pills + HRT(SUCRA=49.6),Kuntai Capsules + HRT(SUCRA=45.2),modified Erxian Decoction + HRT(SUCRA=39.5),Liuwei Dihuang Pills + HRT(SUCRA=37.4)and HRT(SUCRA=1.0).In terms of improving serum follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH)levels,modified Zuogui Pills + HRT was superior to the remaining 7 intervention methods;with reference to the values of the SUCRA,the efficiencies of the 8 intervention methods in descending order were modified Zuogui Pills + HRT(SUCRA=97.0),HRT(SUCRA= 77.9),Liuwei Dihuang Pills + HRT(SUCRA=76.6),Kuntai Capsules + HRT(SUCRA=46.5),Nuangong Qiwei Powder+HRT(SUCRA=38.9),Ankun Zhongzi Pills + HRT(SUCRA=29.9),modified Erxian Decoction + HRT(SUCRA=18.1),and Zishen Yutai Pills + HRT(SUCRA=15.1).Conclusion All kinds of Chinese medicines combined with HRT exert stronger effect on improving the primary outcome indicators than HRT alone for the treatment of POF.The intervention with Nuangong Qiwei Powder+HRT exerts the highest probability of the optimal regimen for enhancing the efficiency,and the intervention with Zuogui Pills + HRT exerts the highest probability of the optimal regimen for lowering the serum FSH level.However,due to the low quality of the included studies,more rigorously-designed,large sample-size,and high-quality randomized controlled trials need to be conducted in the future to provide conclusive evidence-based evidence.
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Objective To analyze the components of proteins from Echinococcus granulosus cyst fluid using the shotgun method, and to identify the active components with potential regulatory effects for immune dysregulation diseases. Methods The E. granulosus cyst fluid was collected aseptically from the hepatic cysts of patients with cystic echinococcosis, and characterized by liquid chromatography (LC) tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) following digestion with trypsin. The protein data were searched using the software MaxQuant version 1.6.1.0 and the cellular components, molecular functions, and biological processes of the identified proteins were analyzed using the Gene Ontology (GO) method. Results The E. granulosus cyst fluid separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) had a relative molecular mass of 25 to 70 kDa. LS-MS/MS analysis identified 37 proteins, including 32 known proteins and 5 unknown proteins. At least 4 proteins were preliminarily found to exhibit potential regulatory effects for immune dysregulation diseases, including antigen B, glutathione-S-transferase (GST), thioredoxin peroxidase (TPX) and malate dehydrogenase (MDH). GO enrichment analysis showed that the identified proteins had 149 molecular functions and were involved in 341 biological processes. Conclusions E. granulosus cyst fluid has a variety of protein components, and four known proteins are preliminarily identified to be associated with immune dysregulation diseases.
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OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the therapeutic effect of spleen low molecular weight extracts on epileptics hydrochloride-induced leukopenia in mice and explore its mechanism.@*METHODS@#The model of leukopenia in mice was established by the injection of epirubicin hydrochloride (10 mg/kg). After the injection of chemotherapeutic drugs, leukocytopenia mice were treated with different doses of spleen low molecular weight extract, Ganoderma oral solution and recombinant granulocyte colony stimulating factor (rhG-CSF). The general survival status indicators such as body weight, coat color and athletic ability of mice in each group were recorded; the tail vein blood of mice in each group was collected and the white blood cell count in them was calculated; bone marrow of mice was taken and bone marrow smears were observed.@*RESULTS@#In the model group, the weight of the mice gradually decreased in the later period, their coat became dark and rough, and the ability to exercise decreased, while the mice in the treatment groups showed different degrees of improvement in their survival status except for the mice treated by rhG-CSF. There was no significant fluctuation in the white blood cell count of the blank control mice. After injection of epirubicin, the white blood cell count of peripheral blood in the model mice and treated mice were decreased. The white blood cell count was lower in the mice treated with high-dose low molecular weight extract and rhG-CSF than that in other experimental groups. Bone marrow smear showed that the proportion of bone marrow nucleated cells in the mice treated with the low molecular weight extract of the spleen was significantly higher than that of model mice (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The low molecular weight spleen extracts can significantly improve the hematopoietic state of mouse bone marrow, promote the proliferation of inhibited bone marrow cells, and thus has the effect of treating leukopenia in mice.
الموضوعات
Animals , Mice , Epirubicin , Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor , Leukocyte Count , Leukopenia/drug therapy , Molecular Weight , Plant Extracts , Recombinant Proteins , Spleenالملخص
ES-62 is a phosphorylcholine-containing, 62 kDa glycoprotein derived from the excretory-secretory product of Acanthocheilonema viteae, which is effective for the prevention and treatment of immune dysregulation diseases through triggering activation of immune cells, such as dendritic cells, mononuclear macrophages and regulatory B cells and mediating immune responses. Recently, the role of the ES-62 protein in the management of allergic, autoimmune and metabolic diseases has been paid much attention. This review summarizes the regulatory role of the ES-62 protein in immune dysregulation diseases and the underlying mechanisms, so as to provide insights into future experimental studies.
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Objective: To evaluate the effect of two-photon in vivo imaging on detecting the blood brain barrier (BBB) injury in the ultra-early stage of cerebral ischemic stroke. Methods: Twelve clean grade C57BL/6 healthy male mice aged 8-12 weeks were randomly divided into Sham group and middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) group,which were sham operated or middle cerebral artery occluded,respectively. After 60 min of ischemia,MCAO mice were treated with reperfusion for 30-60 min after the suture being removed. The vessels and the neutrophils of mice in the two groups were labeled intravenously with Alexa-Fluora-488 conjugated dextran and rhodamine 6G,respectively. The integrity of BBB was detected by intravenous injection of tetramethylrhodamine-5-maleimide (TMR). Before and after the stroke,the real-time changes of the fluorescence intensity of the inside and outside cerebral vessels of mice in the MCAO group were observed by two-photon fluorescence microscopy. Results: The fluorescence intensity of TMR in the external cerebrovascular of mice in the MACO group was significantly increased within 30-60 min after stroke (P=0.000),suggesting there existed tracer leakage. Compared with the Sham group,the movement of neutrophils in the blood vessels of mice in the MACO group was significantly slowed down (P=0.000). Conclusion: Two-photon in vivo imaging can be used to detect the BBB injury in the ultra-early stage of cerebral ischemic stroke,which provides a certain reference value for clinical application.
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Objective: To explore the changes and benefits of vascular endothelial cell function in rats with qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome, and the effect of Yiqi Huoxue recipe (YQHXF) of such changes. Method: Rats were randomly divided into blank control group, Qi deficiency and blood stasis group, and YQHXF high and low dose groups (5.54,2.77 g·kg-1). A small platform of water environment was used to make the rats stand for a long-term with irregular and incomplete sleep deprivation, 16 h per day for six weeks, so that both mentality and labor of rats were consumed to establish qi deficiency and blood stasis rat models. From the fifth week, intragastric administration was given for 2 weeks, until end of the experiment. Then levels of endothelin-1(ET-1), von willebrand factor (vWF), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1(VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM-1), P-selectin,interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in rat plasma were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and nitric oxide (NO) was detected by nitrate reductase assay. Result:Compared with blank control group, rats in Qi deficiency and blood stasis group showed rough and dark hair, with significantly decreased body weight and pulse amplitude (PPPα were abnormally increased after sleep deprivation (PPPPPPPConclusion:Sleep deprivation can induce the formation of Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome in rats, and lead to vascular endothelial dysfunction. YQHXF has the function of protecting the vascular endothelium. It can improve the Qi deficiency and blood stasis symptoms in rats with Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome by regulating the secretion of vascular endothelial active substances, reducing cell adhesion and inhibiting inflammation.
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The point of this study is to explore and investigate mechanisms of Buyang Huanwu decoction for treatment of cerebral infarction (CI) using a network pharmacology approach. First, TCMSP database, DrugBank database and PharmMapper server were used and combined with oral bioavailability and drug analysis to screen the components of Buyang Hanwu decoction and predict the potential targets. Then, Cytoscape 3.5.1 software was used to construct compounds-targets network and the protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks for targets of compounds and CI-related targets and merge the two PPI networks to acquire active targets. Finally, gene ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway analysis of active targets were carried out by DAVID online analysis tool and KOBAS 3.0 software. In total of 150 screened compounds and 232 potential targets were obtained. And in total of 208 active targets were finally determined by merging networks. Results indicated that Buyang Huanwu decoction might have a role in treating CI by regulating some biological processes including response to drug, aging, response to hypoxia, and blood coagulation, and some molecular function, such as protein binding, enzyme binding and serine-type endopeptidase activity. The mechanisms might be concerned with PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, HIF-1 signaling pathway and cAMP signaling pathway. Among them, the regulation of PI3K-Akt signaling pathway might be one of the most crucial mechanisms.
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Objective To investigate the protective effects of Toona sinensis leaf extract on the retina of rats with high-fat diet and the expression of B-cell lymphoma (Bcl-2) and Bcl-2 associated x protein (Bax).Methods Together 24 male SD rats were randomly divided into normal group (N group),hyperlipidemia model group (HF group) and hyperlipidemia model + toona sinensis leaf extract (HF + TSLE group),and then hyperlipidemia model was induced by fed high-fat diet in the latter two groups;after 8 weeks,the model was confirmed to be successful,and the rats in HF + TSLE group were fed with TSLE solution for 4 weeks continuously,and rats in N group and HF group were given the same dose of physiological saline.At the end of the twelfth week,all rats were followed by the examination of flash electroretinogram (FERG),serum lipid total cholesterol (TC),triglyceride (TG),low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C).Then,HE staining was performed in the retinas,the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax was detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting for the analysis of the correlation between the expression level of apoptotic protein Bax and the abnormal function of FERG.Results In HF group,the content of HDL-C decreased,and the contents of TC,TG and LDL-C were higher than those in N group,and the differences were statistically significant (all P ＜ 0.05).The contents of TC,TG and LDL-C in HF + TSLE group were lower than those in HF group,but the content of HDL-C was significantly increased,and the differences were statistically significant (all P ＜ 0.05).The content of HDL-C in HF + TSLE group was lower than that in N group,while the contents of TC,TG and LDL-C were higher than those in N group,and the differences were not statistically significant (all P ＞0.05).The difference of a wave latency between the three groups was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05),and the latency of a wave in HF group was longer than that in N group,while HF + TSLE group was shorter than HF group,and the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05),but HF + TSLE group was longer than N group,and the difference was not statistically significant (P ＞ 0.05).Moreover,there was no significant difference in the incubation period of b wave in the three groups (P ＞ 0.05);and there was no significant difference in the amplitude of a wave and b wave in the three groups (all P ＞ 0.05).In addition,HF group had lower expression level of Bcl-2 and overexpression of Bax than N group.The expression level of Bcl-2 increased and Bax expression level decreased significantly in HF + TSLE group,and the expression level of Bax was positively correlated with the latency of a wave and b wave (all P ＜ 0.05),but was not correlated with amplitude of a wave and b wave (all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion TSLE has an important role in the retina of rats with abnormal lipid metabolism,and it may play a protective role by regulating the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax.
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Blood stasis syndrome is the pre-state of thrombotic disease. The model of blood stasis syndrome in rats was induced by sleep deprivation to study on effects of blood stasis syndrome on platelet activation. The weight, the color of tongue and hemorheology for the blood stasis syndrome of Chinese medicine were measured after modeling. The release of platelet granules and platelet activation factors in plasma were detected by ELISA kit related indicators to provide experimental basis for platelet function evaluation and related drug effects in syndrome research. The results showed that the weight of the model group rats was significantly lower than that of the normal group (<0.01). The tongue showed a dark purple blood stasis pattern, and the R, G and B values of the tongue surface in model group were significantly lower than those of the normal group (<0.01). The hemorheological parameters including high shear, middle shear and low shear viscosity in whole blood were significantly higher than those in the normal group (<0.01). But plasma viscosity did not change significantly. The release levels of platelet α particles (GMP-140, -TG, PF4) and dense particles (ADP, 5-HT) were significantly higher than those in the normal group (<0.01). The levels of TXB₂ and 6-keto-PGF₁α in plasma were significantly higher than those in the normal group (<0.01). The ratios of TXB₂ and 6-keto-PGF₂α were also significantly higher than those in the normal group (<0.01). The levels of PAF in plasma in model group were significantly higher than those in the normal group (<0.01). It was concluded that platelet functions could be changed induced by sleep deprivationin rats with blood stasis syndrome, and there might be inflammation and endothelial cell dysfunction.
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The concentration of 5 nucleosides, uracil, uridine, guanidine, adenine and adenosine in culture of Paecilomyces hepialid was determined by the developed method of HPLC. The HPLC method was performed on a Waters SunFire C18 (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 μm) column with methanol-water gradient elution as the mobile phase. The detection wavelength was 260 nm and the colunmn temperature was controlled at 30 °C. The linear range was 10.00-200.00 mg · L(-1) (r = 0.9994) for uracil, 10.10-202.00 mg · L(-1) (r = 0.9992) for uridine, 10.00-200.00 mg · L(-1) (r = 0.9991) for guanidine, 10.30-206.00 mg · L(-1) (r = 0.9992) for adenine and 10.45-209.00 mg · L(-1) (r = 0.9991) for adenosine, respectively. The RSD of precision was 0.032%, 0.035%, 0.039%, 0.049%, 0.00080%, respectively. The average recoveries of uracil, guanidine, adenine, and adenosine were 97.34%, 99.10%, 101.6%, 98.61% and 100.2% with RSD of 1.3%, 2.1%, 0.96%, 0.95%, and 1.3% respectively. The method showed high sensitivity, good selectivity, linearity and repeatability, which was suitable for the content analysis of 5 nucleosides components in P. hepialid and its extracts.
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Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Methods , Nucleosides , Paecilomyces , Chemistryالملخص
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the inhibitory effects of tetramethoxystilbene, a selective CYP1B1 inhibitor, on adipogenic differentiation of C3H10T1/2 multi-potent mesenchymal cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In vitro cultured C3H10T1/2 cells at full confluence were induced by adipogenic agents (10 µg/ml insulin, 2 µmol/L dexamethasone and 0.5 mmol/L 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine) and exposed simultaneously to TMS at the final concentrations of 1.0, 2.0 or 4.0 µg/ml. Oil Red-O staining was used to observe the cell differentiation. The expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) and its target genes cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36) and fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) were quantified by real-time RT-PCR and Western blotting.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Oil Red-O staining and TG contents revealed that TMS suppressed induced differentiation of C3H10T1/2 cells. TMS exposure of the cells dose-dependently decreased both mRNA and protein expressions of PPARγ, a key nuclear transcription factor during adipogenesis, and also lowered the mRNA expressions of PPARγ target genes CD36 and FABP4.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>TMS can suppress adipogenic differentiation of C3H10T1/2 cells by inhibiting PPARγ</p>
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Animals , Adipogenesis , Cell Differentiation , Cells, Cultured , Cytochrome P-450 CYP1B1 , Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors , Pharmacology , Mesenchymal Stem Cells , Cell Biology , Mice, Inbred C3H , PPAR gamma , Metabolism , Pluripotent Stem Cells , Cell Biology , RNA, Messenger , Stilbenes , Pharmacologyالملخص
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the differences in semen quality between samples collected by masturbation in the clinic and at home.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Based on the WHO guidelines, we analyzed the ejaculates collected by masturbation in the clinic and at home from 342 men under infertility assessment and measured the contents of such biochemical markers in the seminal plasma as neutral α-glucosidase, zinc, and fructose. According to the location of semen collection, we divided the samples into two groups, clinic-collected and home-collected, and analyzed the differences in the semen parameters between the two groups with the SPSS 16.0 software.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the clinic-collected semen, the home-collected samples had significantly higher mean values in semen volume (4.0 vs 4.9%), sperm concentration (41 vs 64 x 10(6)/ml), total sperm count (175 vs 270 x 10(6) per ejaculate), progressive sperm motility (40 vs 52%), total count of progressively motile sperm (82 vs 135 x 10(6) per ejaculate) (all P <0.05). No significant differences were found between the two groups in normal sperm morphology (4.0 vs 5.0%) and the contents of neutral α-glucosidase (26 vs 24 mU per ejaculate), zinc (8.0 vs 8.0 μmol per ejaculate), and fructose (62 vs 60 μmol per ejaculate) (all P >0.05). Abnormal sperm concentration (<20 x 10(6)/ml) was observed in significantly fewer of the home-collected samples than the clinic-collected ones (18% [62/342] vs 30% [103/342], P<0.05), and so was abnormal progressive sperm motility (<32%) (64% [219/342] vs 75% [256/342], P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Our findings show that semen samples collected by masturbation at home has a higher quality than those collected in the clinic. So the location of semen collection should be taken into consideration in infertility investigation.</p>
الموضوعات
Humans , Male , Infertility, Male , Diagnosis , Masturbation , Semen , Physiology , Semen Analysis , Methods , Specimen Handling , Methods , Sperm Count , Sperm Motility , alpha-Glucosidasesالملخص
OBJECTIVE@#To study the influence of different positions in the isokinetic muscle test of knees by CON-TREX Biomechanical Test and Training System, so as to select the suitable conditions for forensic identification of muscle strength test.@*METHODS@#Fifty-two healthy volunteers joined the isokinetic muscle strength test in unfixed and fixed position, respectively and in two kinds of angular speed (60 degrees/s and 30 degrees/s). The differences of peak torque (PT) and peak torque angle (PTA) between bilateral knee flexor and extensor were statistically analyzed.@*RESULTS@#In the unfixed position, under the two speed, there was statistically significant difference in PT between bilateral knee flexor and extensor (P < 0.05); while in the fixed position, under the two speed, there was no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05). In any kind of conditions, the PTA of bilateral knee flexor and extensor did not have statistically significant difference (P > 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The position of the subject influences the results of PT. So the position of subject in knees isokinetic muscle test should be regulated.
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Humans , Knee , Knee Joint , Muscle Strength , Muscle, Skeletal/physiology , Muscles , Posture , Torqueالملخص
OBJECTIVE@#To study the application of isokinetic muscle testing in identification of the faked paralysis to provide scientific data for establishing a standard system of muscle strength in forensic medicine identification.@*METHODS@#Fifty-seven patients with bone fracture or nerve damage as damaged group and 128 normal subjects pretended paralysis as faked paralyzed group were included in this study. Isokinetic muscle testing was performed on bilateral knees of all subjects in the two groups. The peak torque (PT) and peak torque angle (PTA) were compared between both sides in each group. The features of torque-time graph of two groups were classified.@*RESULTS@#In the damaged group, the differences of PT between two sides of flexors and extensors were statistically significant (P<0.05), while the dif- ferences of PTA were not statistically significant (P>0.05). In faked paralyzed group, the differences of PT and PTA between two sides of flexors and extensors were both statistically significant (P<0.05). The torque-time graph of damaged knee presented mostly as single lead peak, while torque-time graph of the faked paralyzed knee presented mostly as multiple peaks.@*CONCLUSION@#The feature of torque-time graph could be useful to identify the faked paralyzed extremities in forensic authentication.
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Humans , Male , Case-Control Studies , Knee Joint/physiopathology , Muscle Strength , Muscle, Skeletal/physiopathology , Muscles , Torqueالملخص
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the value of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and bacterial artificial chromosome FISH (BAC-FISH) for the diagnosis for patients with marker chromosomes.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixteen patients with marker chromosomes were analyzed with technologies including GTG-banding, Q-banding, multiplex FISH and BAC-FISH.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The marker chromosomes in the 16 patients were verified as der(Y) (2 cases), psu dic(Y) (1 case), psu dic(15) (1 case), dic(15) (1 case), del(Y) (1 case), r(X) (5 cases), i(14 or 22) (2 cases), i(18) (1 case).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>FISH and BAC-FISH can both verify the origin of marker chromosomes and provide accurate information for the diagnosis and treatment of patients.</p>
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Adolescent , Adult , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Chromosome Aberrations , Genetic Diseases, Inborn , Diagnosis , Genetics , Genetic Markers , Genetics , In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence , Methodsالملخص
Isokinetic technology in testing and training is the most advanced practical technique in the evaluation of muscle function. This method is a continuous dynamic test in the full range of the joint motion which has strong pertinence at the aspect of assessing muscle strength, and is an objective and quantitative method for reflecting each point's muscle strength in the range of the joint motion. This article reviews the key concepts, brief history of development and influencing factors of isokinetic technology in testing and training, introduces the progress in the field of rehabilitation medicine and sport science, etc., and discusses the future exploration in forensic science.
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Humans , Biomechanical Phenomena , Forensic Medicine/methods , Isometric Contraction/physiology , Joints/physiopathology , Muscle Contraction/physiology , Muscle Strength/physiology , Muscle Strength Dynamometer , Muscle, Skeletal/physiopathology , Physical Education and Training/methods , Physical Exertion , Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine , Posture , Range of Motion, Articular/physiology , Sports Medicine , Wounds and Injuries/rehabilitationالملخص
<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Omeprazole, usually used in the antiplatelet therapy during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in acute coronary syndrome (ACS), has been reported to increase ischemic events in retrospective studies. However, other clinical trials gave paradoxical results. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of omeprazole on clopidogrel efficacy and clinical events.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>All patients (n = 172) received aspirin (loading dose 300 mg and maintenance dose 100 mg/d) and clopidogrel (loading dose 600 mg and maintenance dose 75 mg/d) during the therapy. They were randomized to receive omeprazole (20 mg/d) or placebo for 30 days. Residual platelet activities in the adenosine 5'-diphosphate (ADP) pathway were detected on the fifth day after PCI with thrombelastography (TEG)-mapping. The clinical events were recorded after one month.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>According to the five levels of platelet activities, the frequency distributions of the inhibition rates were significantly different (P = 0.0062). However, no significant change was seen in the distribution among the highest or the lowest inhibiting levels (> 95% and < 30% inhibition rate). And there were no significant differences (P > 0.05) in events incidence, while gastro-intestinal bleeding decreased in co-administration of omeprazole.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Omeprazole significantly blunts clopidogrel efficacy while not exacerbates ischemic events in ACS undergoing PCI. Omeprazole even can decrease gastro-intestinal bleeding in those patients.</p>
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Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Acute Coronary Syndrome , Blood , Drug Therapy , Pathology , Therapeutics , Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary , Methods , Aspirin , Therapeutic Uses , Omeprazole , Therapeutic Uses , Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors , Therapeutic Uses , Ticlopidine , Therapeutic Usesالملخص
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To report a heterozygous RNA-splicing mutation (IVS3+ 3A to C) of NF2 gene in a Chinese family with autosomal dominant neurofibromatosis type II and investigate the relationship between the genotype and phenotype.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The proband with bilateral vestibular schwannomas underwent gamma knife radiosurgery two years earlier. DNA of blood samples from all affected individuals, suspected individuals and unaffected relatives of the family was extracted and amplified to detect the polymorphisms at loci D22S1150 and D22S268 that are linked with the NF2 gene. Two-point LOD score was calculated. The promoter region, 17 exons and exon/intron boundaries of NF2 gene were amplified and sequenced for the proband. The exon 3/intron 3 boundaries of NF2 gene was amplified and sequenced for the other 3 patients, 1 suspected individual, 9 unaffected members of the family and 150 unrelated controls.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The result of two-point linkage analysis suggested that NF2 gene was a candidate gene (Zmax= 2.109, θ = 0.00, locus D22S1150). DNA sequencing revealed a heterozygous splicing mutation in intron 3 (IVS3+ 3A to C) for the proband. Identical mutation was also observed in the other 3 patients and 1 suspected individual. No mutation was found in the 9 normal family members and 150 unrelated controls, which was consistent with the clinical diagnosis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This is the first report of familial neurofibromatosis type II with a splicing mutation of IVS3+ 3A to C of the NF2 gene. The mutation might be responsible for the neurofibromatosis type II in the family.</p>
الموضوعات
Adult , Animals , Dogs , Female , Humans , Male , Mice , Middle Aged , Asian People , Genetics , Base Sequence , DNA Mutational Analysis , Methods , Genetic Linkage , Mutation , Genetics , Neurofibromatosis 2 , Genetics , Pathology , Neurofibromin 2 , Genetics , Pedigree , RNA Splicing , Genetics , Sequence Alignmentالملخص
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the inhibitory effect of grape seed extract (GSE) on the growth of prostate cancer PC-3 cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>PC-3 cells were treated with GSE at the concentration of 100, 200 and 300 microg/ml for 24, 48 and 72 hours, respectively. The the inhibitory effect of GSE on the growth of the PC-3 cells and the kidney cells of SD rats was determined by MTT reduction assay, with primarily cultured kidney cells of 1-3 days old SD rats as the normal control.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>GSE significantly inhibited the growth of PC-3 cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner, but had only a mild inhibitory effect on the kidney cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>GSE inhibits the growth of prostate cancer PC-3 cells and can be used as a new drug for the treatment of prostate cancer.</p>