Paroxysmal diseases of the nervous system associated with patent foramen ovale / 临床神经病学杂志

Patent foramen ovale(PFO)is a common congenital heart disease.The clinical manifestations of PFO are heterogeneous,which can easily lead to missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis.In recent years,people found PFO is related to a variety of nervous system diseases such as TIA,migraines,dizziness,syncope,seizures.This paper reviews the relationship between PFO and nervous system paroxysmal disease and its possible mechanism.This review aims to improve clinicians'understanding of PFO and provide ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of PFO.

Association between low ambient temperature during pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#Extreme temperature events, including extreme cold, are becoming more frequent worldwide, which might be harmful to pregnant women and cause adverse birth outcomes. We aimed to investigate the association between exposure to low ambient temperature in pregnant women and adverse birth outcomes, such as preterm birth, low birth weight, and stillbirth, and to summarize the evidence herein.@*METHODS@#Relevant studies were searched in PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase electronic databases until November 2021. Studies involving low ambient temperature, preterm birth, birth weight, and stillbirth were included. The guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses were followed to conduct this study risk of bias and methods for data synthesis.@*RESULTS@#A total of 34 studies were included. First, pregnant women exposed to low ambient temperature had an increased risk of preterm birth (risk ratio [RR] 1.08; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04-1.13). Subgroup analyses revealed that exposure during late pregnancy was more likely to induce preterm birth. In addition, only pregnant women exposed to <1st percentile of the mean temperature suffered increased risk of preterm birth. Moreover, pregnant women living in medium or hot areas were more prone to have preterm births than those in cold areas when exposed to low ambient temperatures. Asians and Blacks were more susceptible to low ambient temperatures than Caucasians. Second, pregnant women exposed to low ambient temperature had an increased risk of low birth weight (RR 1.07; 95% CI 1.03-1.12). Third, pregnant women had an increased risk of stillbirth while exposed to low ambient temperature during the entire pregnancy (RR 4.63; 95% CI 3.99-5.38).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Exposure to low ambient temperature during pregnancy increases the risk of adverse birth outcomes. Pregnant women should avoid exposure to extremely low ambient temperature (<1st percentile of the mean temperature), especially in their late pregnancy. This study could provide clues for preventing adverse outcomes from meteorological factors.@*REGISTRATION@#No. CRD42021259776 at PROSPERO ( https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/ ).

A monoclonal antibody-based icELISA for puerarin / 中国中药杂志

Puerarin was conjugated with bovine serum albumin(BSA) and ovalbumin(OVA) by periodate oxidation to serve as the immunogen and coating antigen, respectively. BALB/c mice were immunized with puerarin-BSA according to the routine immunization procedure, and the titer and specificity of serum were detected after three immunization. After booster immunization, mouse spleen lymphocytes were fused with mouse myeloma cells, and 24 hybridoma cell lines of the monoclonal antibodies against puerarin were screened by monoclonal antibody screening technique. Ascites was prepared and purified. The cross-reactivity of monoclonal antibody(mAb) M1 with 4'-methoxy puerarin, daidzin, puerarin-6″-O-xyloside, daidzein, mirificin, 3'-methoxy puerarin, and 3'-hydroxy puerarin was 239.84%, 112.18%, 67.89%, 58.28%, 22.37%, 0.40%, and 0.20%, respectively, and those with other analogs such as baicalein and baicalin were all less than 0.10%. The IC_(50) and the working range of the indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(icELISA) for puerarin were 44.80 ng·mL~(-1) and 8.20-292.30 ng·mL~(-1), respectively. The average recovery was 91.95%-98.20% with an RSD in the range of 0.70%-2.60%. The content of puerarin in different Puerariae Lobatae Radix samples was determined with icELISA and validated by UPLC-MS. The correlation between data obtained from icELISA and UPLC-MS was 0.999 0, indicating that icELISA is suitable for the rapid detection of puerarin in Puerariae Lobatae Radix samples.

Effectiveness of azithromycin mass drug administration on trachoma: a systematic review / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUNDS@#Azithromycin mass drug administration (MDA) is a key part of the strategy for controlling trachoma. This systematic review aimed to comprehensively summarize the present studies of azithromycin MDA on trachoma; provide an overview of the impact of azithromycin MDA on trachoma in different districts; and explore the possible methods to enhance the effectiveness of azithromycin MDA in hyperendemic districts.@*METHODS@#PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched up to February 2021 with no language restriction. Studies reporting the effect of azithromycin MDA on trachoma were included. Mathematical modeling studies, animal studies, case reports, and reviews were excluded. The trachomatous inflammation-follicular (TF) 30.0%), especially with baseline TF >50.0%, annual MDA was unable to achieve the TF 10.0% is not appropriate for all eligible districts.

Effect of irisin on hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in neonatal rats / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the effect and mechanism of action of irisin on hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in neonatal rats.@*METHODS@#A total of 248 7-day-old Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a sham-operation group, a model group, and low- and high-dose irisin intervention groups (n=62 each). The rats in the model and irisin intervention groups were given hypoxic treatment after right common carotid artery ligation to establish a model of hypoxic-ischemic brain damage. Those in the sham-operation group were given the separation of the right common carotid artery without ligation or hypoxic treatment. The rats in the high- and low-dose irisin intervention groups were given intracerebroventricular injection of recombinant irisin polypeptide at a dose of 0.30 µg and 0.15 µg respectively. Those in the model and sham-operation groups were given the injection of an equal volume of PBS. The water maze test was used to compare neurological behaviors between groups. TTC staining, hematoxylin-eosin staining and TUNEL staining were used to observe histopathological changes of the brain. Western blot was used to measure the expression of the apoptosis-related molecules cleaved-caspase-3 (CC3), BCL-2 and BAX.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the sham-operation group, the model group had a significant increase in latency time and a significant reduction in the number of platform crossings (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the high-dose irisin intervention group had a significant reduction in latency time and a significant increase in the number of platform crossings (P<0.05). Compared with the sham-operation group, the model group had massive infarction in the right hemisphere, with significant increases in karyopyknosis and karyorrhexis. Compared with the model group, the high-dose irisin intervention group had a smaller infarct area of the right hemisphere, with reductions in karyopyknosis and karyorrhexis. The model group had a significantly higher apoptosis rate of cells in the right cerebral cortex and the hippocampus than the sham-operation group. The high-dose irisin intervention group had a significantly lower apoptosis rate than the model group (P<0.05). At 24 and 48 hours after modeling, the sham-operation group had a significantly lower level of CC3 than the model group (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the high-dose irisin intervention group had a significantly lower level of CC3 and a significantly higher BCL-2/BAX ratio (P<0.05). The low-dose irisin intervention group had similar laboratory markers and histopathological changes of the brain to the model group.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Irisin can alleviate hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in neonatal rats in a dose-dependent manner, possibly by reducing cell apoptosis in the cerebral cortex and the hippocampus.

Correlation between homocysteine and cerebrovascular hemodynamic accumulative scores in primary hypertension patients / 中华健康管理学杂志

Objective To investigate the correlation between homocysteine (Hcy) and cerebrovascular hemodynamic accumulative scores in primary hypertension patients. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2 767 patients with essential hypertension who were simultaneously tested for serum Hcy and cerebral vascular function in the health management/physical examination center in Chongqing General Hospital from October 2015 to March 2018. The prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) was also explored. Differences between cerebrovascular hemodynamic accumulative scores and its abnormal rate among different Hcy levels were evaluated using the analysis of variance and χ2tests, and logistic regression was used to analyze the correlation between Hcy and cerebrovascular hemodynamic accumulative scores. Results The median level of Hcy in primary hypertension was 11.8 (9.3-15.0) μmol/L. HHcy prevalence was 25.15% (27.01% in men and 19.80% in women), which was higher in men than women (χ2=14.576, P<0.001) and was increasing with age (P<0.001). The proportion of stroke, proportion of taking hypotensive medications, age, fasting plasma glucose, systolic pressure, pulse pressure, and Hcy were significantly higher in the abnormal score (<75 points) group (P<0.001) than in the normal score (≥75 points) group. The average cerebrovascular hemodynamic accumulative score was 86.99±16.10 points. The score in the highest quartile of Hcy (77.91±16.10) was significantly lower than that in other quartiles. The abnormal score rate (<75 points) was 15.25% and was increasing with the Hcy level (χ2=13.986, P<0.001). Logistic regression showed that Hcy in the second, third, and highest quartiles observed in abnormal scores was, respectively, 1.913-fold, 2.045-fold, and 7.497-fold higher than that in the lowest quartile after adjusting the confounding factors. Conclusion Hcy may be an independent risk factor for abnormal cerebrovascular hemodynamic accumulative scores in primary hypertension. Cerebrovascular dysfunction should be closely monitored when Hcy was higher than 15 μmol/L.

A visualization analysis of current research on stem cell transplantation in the treatment of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To reveal the current research status on stem cell transplantation in the treatment of neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), and to summarize the recent hotspots of the research in this field.@*METHODS@#Using the key words of "stem cells" and "HIE", a computerized search was performed for the articles in English published before June 1, 2018 in PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science. Microsoft Office Excel 2013 was used for the statistical analysis of key words. Bicomb 2.0 and VOSviewer 1.6.6 were used for the cluster analysis of hot words and plotting of knowledge maps, respectively.@*RESULTS@#A total of 106 articles were included and 43 high-frequency key words were extracted. The words of "cell transplantation" and "hypoxia-ischemia" were in the core position of the co-word map. The cluster analysis showed that the studies of stem cell transplantation in the treatment of neonatal HIE mainly focused on umbilical cord blood cell transplantation (32.6%), mesenchymal stem cells and neural stem cells (29.5%), perinatal brain injury (28.1%), and other topics (9.8%).@*CONCLUSIONS@#In the current studies of stem cell transplantation in the treatment of neonatal HIE, umbilical cord blood cell transplantation, mesenchymal stem cells, neural stem cells, and perinatal brain injury are popular research topics at different levels.

Neuroprotective effects of oligodendrocyte precursor cells on white matter damage in preterm infants / 中国当代儿科杂志

White matter damage, characterized by demyelination due to the damage of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs), is the most common type of brain damage in preterm infants. Survivors are often subject to long-term neurodevelopmental sequelae because of the lack of effective treatment. In recent years, it has been found that cell transplantation has the potential for the treatment of white matter damage. OPCs are frequently used cells in cell transplantation therapy. With abilities of migration and myelinization, OPCs are the best seed cells for the treatment of white matter damage. Several studies have found that OPCs may not only replace impaired cells to reconstruct the structure and function of white matter, but also inhibit neuronal apoptosis, promote the proliferation of endogenous neural stem cells, and enhance the repairment of the blood-brain barrier. However, the clinical application of OPC transplantation therapy faces many challenges, such as the effectiveness, risk of tumorigenesis and immune rejection. With reference to these studies, this article reviewed the development of myelination, the obtainment of OPCs, the therapeutic mechanism as well as application research, and analyzed the current challenges of OPC transplantation, in order to provide a new direction for clinical treatment of white matter damage in preterm infants.

Detection of IgG4 and autoantibodies in patients with orbital disease of unknown origin / 中华检验医学杂志

Objective To detect the serum IgG4 and autoantibodies levels in patients with orbital disease of unknown reasons,and to investigate their values in patients with orbital disease.Methods A total of 366 patients with orbital disease of unknown reasons recruited in the Department of Ophthalmology,Beijing Tongren Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from October 2013 to October 2016 were retrospectively enrolled as orbital disease group,and 266 patients with autoimmune disease in the same period from the Department of Rheumatology of the hospital were selected as controls.The serum IgG4 was detected by rate scattering method,antinuclear antibody(ANA),anti-double-stranded DNA(dsDNA)antibody as well as anti-extractable nuclear antigen(ENA)antibody were measured by indirect immunofluorescence assay,and anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody(ANCA)was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay,all of which were compared between the orbital disease patients and the controls using chi-square test.Results The positive rate of the serum IgG4 in the patients with orbital disease was 36.1％(132/366),obviously higher than that in the controls(27.1％,72/266),the difference being statistically significant(x2 =5.705,P=0.017).And the positive rate of serum IgG4≥1 350 mg/L(29.0％,106/366)in the patients with orbital disease was higher than that in the controls(21.8％,58/266; x2 =4.107,P=0.043).The positive rate of ANA in the patients with orbital disease was 17.8％(65/366),obviously lower than that in the controls(28.6％,76/266),the difference also being statistically significant(x2 =10.389,P=0.001).The positive rate of anti-ENA antibody in the patients with orbital disease was 4.6％(17/366),also obviously lower that that in the controls(9.0％,24/266),with statistically significant difference as well(x2 =4.866,P=0.027).No anti-dsDNA antibody was detected in the patients with orbital disease.Only three patients with orbital disease(0.8％,3/366)were found ANCA positive,and no statistically significant difference was found in comparison with the controls(3.0％,8/266; x2 =3.127,P=0.077).Conclusions Elevated IgG4 level was commonly seen in the patients with orbital disease,where as autoantibodies were negative in the most of the patients,indicating that IgG4 might correlate with orbital disease,and part of orbital disease may belong to the IgG4-related orbital disease.

Research advances in mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes in treatment of brain injury / 中国当代儿科杂志

Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation is considered one of the most promising therapeutic strategies for the repair of brain injuries and plays an important role in various links of nerve repair. Recent studies have shown that MSC-derived exosomes may dominate the repair of brain injuries and help to promote angiogenesis, regulate immunity, inhibit apoptosis, and repair the nerves, and therefore, they have a great potential in the treatment of brain injuries in neonates. With reference to these studies, this article reviews the mechanism of action of exosomes in the repair of brain injuries and related prospects and challenges, in order to provide new directions for the treatment of brain injuries in neonates with stem cells.

Effect of simulated microgravity on erythroid differentiation of K562 cells and the mechanism / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of simulated microgravity on erythroid differentiation of K562 cells and explore the possible mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The fourth generation rotating cell culture system was used to generate the simulated microgravity environment. Benzidine staining was used to evaluate the cell inhibition rate, and real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to detect GATA-1, GATA-2, Ets-1, F-actin, β-Tubulin and vimentin mRNA expressions. The changes of cytoskeleton were observed by fluorescence microscopy, and Western blotting was employed to assay F-actin, β-tubulin and vimentin protein expression levels.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Benzidine staining showed that simulated microgravity inhibited erythroid differentiation of K562 cells. K562 cells treated with Hemin presented with increased mRNA expression of GATA-1 and reduced GATA-2 and Ets-1 mRNA expressions. Simulated microgravity treatment of the cells resulted in down-regulated GATA-1, F-actin, β-tubulin and vimentin mRNA expressions and up-regulated mRNA expressions of GATA-2 and Ets-1, and reduced F-actin, β-tubulin and vimentin protein expressions. Exposure to simulated microgravity caused decreased fluorescence intensities of cytoskeletal filament F-actin, β-tubulin and vimentin in the cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Simulated microgravity inhibits erythroid differentiation of K562 cells possibly by causing cytoskeleton damages to result in down-regulation of GATA-1 and up-regulation of GATA-2 and Ets-1 expressions.</p>

Research progress in relationship of leptin and adiponectin with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease / 临床肝胆病杂志

It has been found in recent years that adipose tissue is not only the organ for storing energy, but can also secrete many adipokines including leptin, adiponectin, and resistin. Leptin and adiponectin play important roles in the formation and treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) due to their important biological functions, which bring a new direction for the clinical treatment of this disease. This article briefly describes the biological functions of leptin and adiponectin and their relationship with NAFLD. It is pointed out that leptin and adiponectin play essential roles in the treatment of NAFLD and may become novel therapeutic targets.

Rituximab-induced interstitial pneumonitis: report of two cases and literature review / 南方医科大学学报

We report two cases of rituximab (RTX)-induced interstitial pneumonia in two lymphoma patients receiving RTX treatment. Interstitial pneumonia was successfully managed in these two cases after a one-week-long intervention with corresponding treatments without affecting further treatment of the primary disease. RTX-induced interstitial pneumonia is characterized by a latent onset with an unclear pathological mechanism and absence of typical symptoms. High-resolution CT scan can provide valuable evidence for early diagnosis of RTX-induced interstitial pneumonia, which might be attributed partially to an increased susceptibility to P. jirovecii and fungal infection due to prolonged RTX treatment.

Effects of FTY720 on neurological function and blood-spinal cord barrier of rats with acute spinal cord injury / 解放军医学杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of a novel immunomodulator FTY720 (Fingolimod) on nerve function and blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) of rats with acute spinal cord injury. Methods One hundred and forty-four adult Sprague- Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into four groups with 36 each: normal control group (NG Group): rats without any treatment; sham-operated group (SO Group): rats' spinal cords were exposed by laminectomy without injury; hemisection group (HS Group): rats underwent spinal cord hemisection followed by intraperitoneal injection of normal saline; FTY720 treatment group (FTY720 Group): rats underwent spinal cord hemisection followed by intraperitoneal injection of FTY720 [1mg/(kg.d)] for 7 days. The neurological function was assessed by Basso Beatlie Bresnahan (BBB) scores, grid walking, N1 and P1 delay of motor evoked potential (MEP) and somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP), histological evaluation with light microscope with HE staining, and determination of blood-spinal cord barrier permeability with EB at different time points after injury. Results The nerve function of rats in HS group and FTY720 group was impaired after hemisection injury without signs of recovery up to Day 28 after damage as compared with NG group or SO group. The recovery of motor function in FTY720 treatment group was earlier than in HS group. The BBB scores, the results of grid walking test, and the latent period of SEP-P1 showed statistically significant difference between FTY720 group and HS group from Day 7 to 28 after injury (P<0.05). Comparing the pathological picture at Day 14 and Day 28 after injury, the number of chronic inflammatory cells, the degree of glial cell reaction, and the size of syringomyelia cavities in gray matter in FTY720 group were significantly less than those in HS group. In addition, the leakage of EB from the damaged BSCB increased in HS group and FTY720 group than in NG group and SO group through 7 days after injury (P<0.01), while at each time point the leakage of EB was less in FTY720 group than in HS group (P<0.05), and the most significant difference was observed on Day 3 after injury. Conclusion FTY720 can lower the permeability of blood-spinal cord barrier at acute phase of spinal cord injury, effectively promotes the recovery of nerve function after acute injury phase, and it provides certain potential neuroprotective effects.

Safety and effectiveness of tumor-ablative chemotherapy combined with low intensity modified conditioning regimen for 30 patients with hematologic malignancies receiving allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation / 中国实验血液学杂志

This study was aimed to investigate the safety and effectiveness of tumor-ablative Chemotherapy combined with low intensity conditioning regiment BUCy/TBICy for patients with hematologic malignancies receiving allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). The clinical data of 30 patients with hematologic malignancies received above-mentioned therapeutic method from January 2012 to January 2013 was analyzed retrospectively, and the engraftment, GVHD, infection, conditioning-related toxicity, relapse and survival rates were evaluated. All the patients signed the informed consent before transplantation. The median follow-up duration was 20.5 (16.3-27.3) months. The results indicated that all the patients had been engrafted successfully. One year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rates were 93.3% and 83.3% respectively. No conditioning-related toxicity occurred. The incidences of II-IV grade aGVHD was 37.9%, among which incidence of III-IV grade aGVHD was 3.4%; incidence of extensive cGVHD was 13.8%. So far, 1 case relapsed, 1 case displayed graft rejection, and poor function of graft occurred in 1 case, death occurred in 2 cases(6.7%). It is concluded that tumor-ablative chemotherapy combined with low intensity-modified BUCy/TBICy is safe and effective in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for hematologic malignancies, and it is useful to reduce relapse of hematologic malignancies after transplantation.

Effects of intrathecal injection of ginsenoside Rg1 on the level of glutamate transporter in the arthritis rats with chronic morphine tolerance / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of intrathecal injection of ginsenoside Rg1 at different doses on the changes of the behavior and the expressions of excitatory amino-acid transporter 1 (EAAT1), i. e., glutamate-aspartate transporter (GLAST) in the spinal dorsal horn of the arthritis rats with chronic morphine tolerance, and further to explore its mechanisms for morphine tolerance.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>After successful intrathecal injection, an adjuvant arthritis model was established in 36 healthy male SD rats. They were randomly divided into 6 groups, 6 in each group. They were intrathecally injected with 10 microL normal saline (Group NS), 10 microg morphine (Group M), 10 microg morphine + 50 microg ginsenoside Rg1 (Group MG50), 10 microg morphine +100 microg ginsenoside Rg1 (Group MG100), 10 microg morphine + 200 microg ginsenoside Rg1 (Group MG200), and 100 microg ginsenoside Rg1 (Group G100), respectively. The normal saline and morphine were intrathecally injected twice daily, while ginsenoside Rg1 at different doses was intrathecally injected once daily, for 7 successive days. Fifty percent mechanical paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) was dynamically detected to evaluate their behaviors. The rats were sacrificed on day 7 after medication. The L3-L5 segment of the spinal cord was isolated for determining the expression of GLAST in the spinal dorsal horn using immunofluorescence staining.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The PWT of Group M was significantly higher than that of Group NS on the 1st and 3rd day after medication (P < 0.05). But it was gradually shortened along with the increasing days of medication. There was no statistical difference between Group M and Group NS on the 7th day (P > 0.05), indicating the formation of morphine tolerance. The PWT of Group MG100 also showed a decreasing tendency, but obviously slower than that of Group M (P < 0.05). The PWT of Group G100 was higher than that of Group NS (P < 0.05). Compared with Group NS, the expression of GLAST in the spinal dorsal horn of rats in Group M was down-regulated (P < 0.01). Compared with Group M, the expression of GLAST in the spinal dorsal horn of rats in Group MG100 and Group G100 was up-regulated (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Single application of ginsenoside Rg1 showed mild antinociceptive effect in adjuvant-induced arthritis rats. Intrathecal injection of 100 microg ginsenoside Rg1 could attenuate the formation of morphine tolerance. Its mechanisms might be correlated with up-regulating of the expression of GLAST.</p>

The correlation between aggrecan degradation and the progression in relapsing polychondritis disease / 中华检验医学杂志

Objective To explore the significance in judging the different clinical stages of relapsing polychondritis (RP) patients through examining the changes of aggrecanase and metabolic fragments of aggrecan.MethodsIn comparison with the control group (20 cases),40 patients were divided into the stable stage group (22 cases) and the active stage group (18 cases).The aggrecanase-generated neoeptitopes in cartilage matrix were analysed by immunohistochemistry and Western blot(WB) respectively.The mRNA and protein levels of aggrecanase-1,2 expressed in cartilage cells were measured by real-time reverse transcriptional polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) and WB respectively.The difference of these results among these three groups was analyzed accordingly.ResultsThe expression of aggrecanase-1,2 in mRNA level was measured by real-time RT-PCR.The values of aggrecanase-1,2 mRNA 2 -ΔΔC1 were 1.00 ± 0.26 and 1.00 ± 0.27 in control group,1.47 ± 0.11 and 1.57 ± 0.13 in stable stage group,2.09 ±0.12 and 2.09 ± 0.19 in active stage group respectively.By one-way ANOVA analysis,the difference between every two groups was statistically significant (F was 299.113 and 459.013,P ＜ 0.01 ).In comparison with control group,aggrecanase-1,2 increased significantly in both stable and active stage group (P ＜ 0.01 ) and aggrecanase-1,2 increased more significantly in active stage group than in stable stage group (P ＜ 0.01 ).The results from WB analysis indicated that aggrecanase-1,2 could not be detected in control group,and they were detectable in stable stage group and increased in active stage group at the relative molecular of 68 000 Da or 73 000 Da respectively.The aggrecanase-generated neoeptitopes were analyzed by WB as well.The results indicated that NITEGE and ARGSV could be detected in stable stage group and increased in active stage group at the relative molecular of 70 000 Da or 48 000 Da respectively,but there were no signals in control group.Similar with the previous WB results,no signals of NITEGE or ARGSV eptitopes were detected in normal cartilage matrix ( no red staining) by use of immunohistochemical staining.However,in stable stage group and active stage group,these eptitopes were apparently detected (obviously red staining).ConclusionWith the progression of the RP,the activity of the aggrecanase is enhanced,and the degradation of the aggrecan is increased,associated with the severity of the disease.

Mechanism of enhanced viral-myocarditis-prophylactic effect of a novel coxsackievirus B3 mucosal vaccine by LTN adjuvant / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective To explore the mechanism of lymphotactin(LTN) to exert mucosal adjuvant activity. Methods Complexes of chitosan-pVP1 and chitosan-pLTN were seperately prepared by co-cojugation method, then 50μg(DNA) of each complex was administered intranasally to male BALB/c mice 4times biweekly. Two weeks after the final immunization, mice were challenged with 3LD50 CVB3 to cause viral myocarditis, heart histopathological changes were examined 7 days later. Meanwhile, T cell immune responses, DC percentage and its membrane CD86 expression were monitored in spleen, mesenteric lymph node(MLN) and cervical lymph node(CLN). Results Co-immunizaiton with LTN remarkbly alleviated CVB3-induced cardial injury. This improvement was accompanied with enhanced T cell proliferation and IFN-γ-secreting ability, increased DC frequency and membrane CD86 expression both in spleen and mucosal draining lymph nodes( MLN, CLN). Conclusion LTN exerts its mucosal adjuvant function in augmenting specific T cell immune responses systemically and mucosally via DC enrichment in spleen, MLN and CLN and up-regulation of DC maturation.

Amino acids protects against renal ischemia-reperfusion injury and attenuates renal endothelin-1 disorder in rats / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate nephroprotective effects of a mixture of 8 L-amino acids on renal ischemia-reperfusion injury and its effects on renal endothelin-1 (ET-1).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The mixture of 8 L-amino acids includes glycine, alanine, threonine, serine, valine, leucine, isoleucine and proline. Acute ischemic renal injury was induced by clamping renal pedicle for 45 minutes in rats. Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: a sham-operated group (Group A, n=8), a control group (Group B, n=26) and an amino acid-treated group (Group C, n=26). Amino acids were infused at a rate of 1 ml x 100g(-1) x h(-1) I hour before ischemia and during 3 hours of the whole reperfusion. The serum creatinine values, BUN levels, creatinine clearance, urine sodium and potassium excretion, urine lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), the rate of urine flow and histological examination were measured. Renal ET-1 levels were assayed with radioimmunological assay (RIA) RESULTS: The creatinine clearance was 471.0 microl/min+/-121.5 microl/min in Group C and 227.0 microl/min+/-27.0 microl/min in Group B 3 hours after reperfusion, P<0.01). The urine flow rate was 63.6 microl/min+/-15.2 microl/min in Group C and 24.3 microl/min+/-7.7 microl/minin Group B, P<0.01) 1.5 hours after reperfusion. The serum creatinine was 85.0 microl/min+/-7.7 micromol/L and BUN concentration 11.4 mmol/L+/-3.9 mmol/L in Group C and 112.7 micromol/L+/-19.5 micromol/L and 20.7 mmol/L+/-6.6 mmol/L respectively in Group B after 24 hours of reperfusion (P<0.05). The mean histological score by standards of Paller in kidneys was 108.7+/-15.7 in Group C, and 168.8+/-14.8in Group B (P<0.01). The renal ET-1 levels 15 minute and 3 hours after reperfusion were 7.2 pg/mg+/-0.8 pg/mg and 9.6 pg/ml+/-1.0 pg/ml in Group C, and 10.1 pg/ml+/-2.8 pg/ml and 13.0 pg/ml+/-2.7pg/ml in Group B (P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The mixture of 8 L-amino acids can provide remarkable protection against renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. This may associate with attenuation of renal ET-1 disorder.</p>

Study of HGF/c-Met in gynaecology and obstetrics diseases / 中国临床药理学与治疗学

Hepatocyte growth factor participates in many gynecologic and obstetric diseases such as gynecological tumor,endometriosis and hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy by combination with its receptor c-Met.This article reviews the expression and mechanism of HGF in these diseases.