Cembranoids and their bioactivities in soft coral Sarcophyton glaucum / 中国中药杂志

Chemical constituents in soft coral Sarcophyton glaucum were separated and purified by various chromatographic methods. Based on the spectral data, physicochemical properties, and comparison with the data reported in the literature, nine cembranoids, including a new cembranoid named sefsarcophinolide(1) together with eight known cembranoids, namely(+)-isosarcophine(2), sarcomilitatin D(3), sarcophytonolide J(4),(1S,3E,7E,13S)-11,12-epoxycembra-3,7,15-triene-13-ol(5), sarcophytonin B(6),(-)-eunicenone(7), lobophytin B(8), and arbolide C(9), were identified. As revealed by biological activity experiment results, compounds 2-6 had weak acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity, and compound 5 displayed weak cytotoxicity against K562 tumor cell line.

Chemical constituents of soft coral Sarcophyton glaucum collected from Xisha and their anti-inflammatory activity / 药学学报

The crude Et2O extract of soft coral Sarcophyton glaucum, collected off the Xisha, the South China Sea, were investigated. A new cembrane-type diterpenoid, namely 15-dehydroxy-sarcophytrol D (1), together with twenty-five known compounds, namely ximaoglaucumin C (2), (11S,12S,1E,3E,7E)-11,12-epoxycembra-1,3,7-triene (3), sarcophytol W (4), cembrene (5), sarcophytol B (6), sarcophytol K (7), sarcophytol J (8), pentaene-cembrene (9), sarcophytol E (10), (+)-marasol (11), (2S)-sarcophytoninsarcophytoxide (12), (-)-17-hydroxydeepoxysarcophytoxide (13), (+)-sarcophytoxide (14), 13-acetoxysarcophytoxide (15), bophynin B (16), 16-oxosarcophytoxide E (17), sarcophinone (18), 7α-8β-dihydroxydeepoxysarcophine (19), (+)-sarcophine (20), 14-dehydroxy-sarcophytol L (21), sarcophytol L (22), 13α-hydroxy-sarcophytol L (23), trocheliophol C (24), trocheliophol E (25) and trocheliophol L (26), were isolated and purified by comprehensive chromatography methods of silica gel column, Sephadex LH-20 gel column, TLC, and semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In anti-inflammatory bioassay, compound 4 exhibited inhibitory effects on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory responses in BV-2 microglial cells.

Great efficacy of sulfachloropyrazine-sodium against acute murine toxoplasmosis

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To identify more effective and less toxic drugs to treat animal toxoplasmosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Efficacy of seven kinds of sulfonamides against Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) in an acute murine model was evaluated. The mice used throughout the study were randomly assigned to many groups (10 mice each), which either remained uninfected or were infected intraperitoneally with tachyzoites of T. gondii (strains RH and CN). All groups were then treated with different sulfonamides and the optimal treatment protocol was determined candidates. Sulfadiazine-sodium (SD) was used for comparison.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The optimal therapy involved gavaging mice twice per day with 250 mg/kg bw of sulfachloropyrazine-sodium (SPZ) for five days. Using this protocol, the average survival time and the time-point of 50% fatalities were prolonged significantly compared with SD treatment. Treatment with SPZ protected 40% of mice from death, and the heart and kidney tissue of these animals was parasite-free, as determined by nested-PCR. SPZ showed excellent therapeutic effects in the treatment of T. gondii in an acute murine model and is therefore a promising drug candidate for the treatment and prevention of T. gondii in animals.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>It can be concluded that the effective drug sulfachloropyrazine may be the new therapeutic options against animal toxoplasmosis.</p>