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From 2010 to 2014, a total of 17 150 new cases of thyroid cancer (TC) reported in cancer registration areas of Zhejiang province, the crude incidence rate of TC was 29.28/100 000. Using the Chinese Census in 2000 and the World Segi′s population as the standard population, the age-standardized incidence rate by Chinese standard population (ASIRC) and by world standard population (ASIRW) were 24.11/100 000 and 20.65/100 000 respectively. 256 TC death cases reported in all, the crude mortality rate was 0.44/100 000, the age-standardized mortality rate by Chinese standard population (ASMRC) and by World standard population (ASMRW) were 0.23/100 000 and 0.23/100 000 respectively. The ASIRC had a upward trend [annual percent change (APC)=28.62%, 95%CI: 21.00%-36.72%, t=13.10, P=0.001], while the ASMRC trend seemed stable (APC=0.73%, 95%CI: -7.47%-9.66%, t=0.27, P=0.803).
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Objective@#To analyze the status and trend of death from leukemia from 2006 to 2015 in Hangzhou,and to provide scientific basis for leukemia prevention and control. @*Methods@#The data of deaths in Hangzhou from 2006 to 2015 were collected from Zhejiang chronic diseases surveillance system. The crude mortality rates,standardized mortality rates and cumulative rates of the age group 0-74 of leukemia were calculated. The annual percentage change（APC）was used to examine the changing trend of leukemia mortality.@*Results@#The crude mortality rate of leukemia in Hangzhou was 4.38/100 000 and the standardized mortality rate was 3.79/100 000 from 2006 to 2015. The standardized mortality rates from 2006 to 2015 showed a decreasing trend and the APC was -2.27%（P<0.05）. The crude mortality rate of leukemia was 5.15/100 000 in males,which was higher than 3.62/100 000 in females（P<0.05）. The crude and standardized mortality rates were 2.00/100 000 and 0.45/100 000 in residents aged below 15 years,3.03/100 000 and 1.85/100 000 in residents aged 15-64 years,15.63/100 000 and 1.05/100 000 in residents aged 65 years or above. The standardized mortality rates of residents aged below 15 years and 15-64 years showed decreasing trends,the APCs were -9.24% and -3.82%,respectively（P<0.05）. The standardized mortality rates of residents aged 65 years or above showed an increasing trend,the APC was 3.77%（P<0.05）.@*Conclusion@#The standardized mortality rates of leukemia has presented a declining trend in Hangzhou from 2006 to 2015,with higher mortality in men and people aged 65 years or above.
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The incidence and mortality rate of leukemia in the cancer registration areas of Zhejiang Province from 2010 to 2014 were analyzed to depict their epidemiological characteristics. From 2010 to 2014, 3789 new cases were diagnosed as leukemia in Zhejiang cancer registration areas, with a crude incidence rate of 6.47 per 100 000. The age-standardized incidence rate of males (standardized by China census data 2000) was 1.35 times that of females. The age-standardized incidence rate of urban areas was similar to that in rural areas (1.04∶1). From 2010 to 2014, 2 568 cases died due to leukemia, with a crude mortality rate of 4.38 per 100 000. The age-standardized mortality rate of males was 1.44 times that of females. The age-standardized mortality rate of urban areas was 0.99 times that of rural areas. The age-standardized incidence and mortality rate did not show any significant change from 2010 to 2014. The annual percent change of these two metrics was -2.36% (t=-0.62, P=0.579) and -3.46% (t=-2.41, P=0.095).
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Objective To investigate the disease burden of malignancies in Hangzhou in 2006-2015,and provide information for the prevention and control of cancer.Methods Data regarding deaths due to malignancies in Hangzhou in 2006-2015 was collected from general surveillance information.The main disease burden and population distribution of malignancies were determined by analyzing Potential years of life lost (PYLL),Potential years of life lost rate (PYLLR),standardized potential years of life lost (SPYLL),average years of life lost (AYLL),etc.Results PYLL and SPYLL for overall cancer were 733 811.0 years and 540 794.4 years,respectively,while PYLLR and AYLL were 12.9‰ and 13.1 year/person respectively.The top 5 cancers by PYLL were liver cancer,lung cancer,stomach cancer,colorectal cancer,and leukemia accounting for 67.5％ of overall PYLLR.The disease burden of malignant cancer was higher among male than female subjects.The peak of disease burden occurred in middle-aged and elderly patients.PYLL rate,SPYLL rate,and AYLL from 2011 to 2015 were lower than those from 2006 to 2010,except for cervical cancer.Conclusion Comprehensive control measures should be carried out for the malignancies with a greater burden.
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Objective To evaluate the effect of the Oxford Health Alliance-Community Interventions for Health on chronic diseases prevention and control capacity in community medical staff in Hangzhou.Methods A two year comprehensive intervention on chronic disease prevention and control capacity was conducted in the medical staff in Xiacheng district and Gongshu district,Xihu district was used as control according to the study design principal of parallel comparison and non-random grouping.The intervention effect was evaluated with Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test.A total of 985 questionnaires were completed in the baseline survey and 870 questionnaires were completed in the follow-up survey.Results After 2 year intervention, the detection rates of blood cholesterol, blood pressure and fasting blood glucose by community medical staff significantly increased compared with the rates before the intervention (x2 =7.97, P =0.05;x2 =27.21, P =0.00;x2=21.32, P=0.00).While, in the control district, the fasting blood glucose detection rate increased from 25.37％ to 31.19％, the differences showed statistical significance (x2=15.29, P=0.00).The communication between community medical staff and patients about healthy diet pattern was improved after the intervention, the difference was statistical significant (x2=8.64, P=0.03).However, no significant differences in communication about increasing physical activity and smoking cessation between community medical staff and patients was found before and after intervention both in intervention districts and in control district.Furthermore, multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that the interventions on screening of common chronic diseases and management of chronic diseases patients were related with the detections of blood cholesterol, blood pressure and fasting blood glucose.Moreover, the intervention on counsel and suggestion for chronic disease prevention and control had some influence on the communication about chronic disease risk factors between community medical staff and patients.Conclusion The intervention on chronic disease prevention and control capacity in community medical staff was effective to improve the detection of chronic diseases in community and the communication between the medical staff and patients.
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Objective To understand the perceptions of physical activity-related built environment among urban adults in Hangzhou.Methods A face-to-face interview was conducted among the urban residents aged 25-59 years selected through multistage stratified random sampling in Hangzhou in 2012.The Neighborhood Environment Walkability Scale-Abbreviated (NEWS-A) was used to assess the perception of built environment among residents,including residential building density,the diversities of stores,facilities and others,the accessibility to public service,the street connectivity,walking/cycling facilities,aesthetics,traffic safety,and public security.The multilevel logistic regression model was used to assess the demographic characteristics,BMI and other factors' influence on people' s perceptions.Results Among 1 362 local residents surveyed,no sex,martial status and occupation specific significant differences in the perception of built environment were found.After adjusting other factors,the age group 45-59 years was positively related to the score of street connectivity (OR=2.02,95％ CI:1.30-3.15).The educational level of college or higher was positively associated with the score of residential building density(OR=1.97,95％CI:1.29-3.00) but negatively associated with the score of facility variety(OR=0.65,95％ CI:0.43-0.97).Overweight or besity was negatively related to the scores of walking/cycling ways (OR=0.67,95％CI:0.48-0.95) and public security(OR=0.75,95％ CI:0.57-0.99).Compared with the class Ⅰ residential area,the people in class Ⅲ residential area had lower perception scores on facility diversity (OR =0.11,95％ CI:0.04-0.30),accessibility to public service (OR=0.33,95％ CI:0.11-0.95),street connectivity (OR=0.30,95％ CI:0.11-0.86) and traffic safety (OR=0.39,95％ CI:0.17-0.91).Conclusion The perceptions of physical activity-related built environment was associated with age,educational level,BMI and residential area.The personal characteristics should be considered while performing environment intervention on physical activity.
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Objective To explore the association between walking time and the perception of built environment among local adults in Hangzhou.Methods Through multistage stratified random sampling,a total of 1 440 urban residents aged 25-59 years were surveyed in Hangzhou by face-to face interview in 2012.The international physical activity questionnaire-long version (IPAQ-L) was used to assess the physical activity levels,including walking time in the past week.Neighborhood Environment Walkability Scale-Abbreviated (NEWS-A) was used to obtain information about their perception of built environment.Multiple logistic regression was applied to estimate the relationship between waking and the perception of built environment.Results Among the local adults in Hangzhou,the median of total physical activity was 2 766 met · min-1 · week 1,the average walking time per week was 90 min for leisure and 100 min for transportation respectively.After controlling the age,marital status,BMI,educational level,employment,community type and the total PA scores,the leisure-time walking was negatively related to the accessibility to stores,facilities and other things for both man (OR=0.764,95％CI:0.588-0.992) and woman (OR=0.633,95％CI:0.481-0.833).In sex specific analysis,the leisure-time walking was negatively related with the residential density (OR=0.997,95％CI:0.996-0.999) while transportation related walking was positively related with walking/cycling way scores (OR=1.537,95％ CI:1.138-2.075) in females.In contrast,there were no significant associations between perception of built environment and transportation related walking in males.Conclusion Improving the built environment,such as the walking/cycling way,might be useful to increase the transportation related walking time for adults.The sex specific differences need to be considered in the environment intervention for walking promotion.
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[Summary] The study was to introduce quality of life measurement instruments for thyroid cancer,as well as the application of these scales.(1) Quality of life scales such as generic scale SF-36,tumor-specific scale EORTC QLQ-C30 were used in previous studies.(2) In these studies,the quality of life assessment was mainly used for measurement of quality of life in patients with thyroid cancer,comparative effectiveness research and specific psychological intervention evaluation,analysis of relevant factors affecting quality of life in patients with thyroid cancer.
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Objective To evaluate the short-term impact of comprehensive community-based intervention programs on smoking cessation counseling services provided by community medical staff and related influencing factors in three districts of Hangzhou city.Methods Within the framework of Community Interventions for Health (CIH) Program,a community trial was conducted in two districts (Xiacheng and Gongshu) and a district (Xihu) as control,by a parallel comparison and random grouping based quasi-experimental design.Two independent questionnaire-based surveys of cross-sectional samples in the intervention and comparison areas were used to assess the impact of intervention.Results There were 299 and 141 medical staff in the areas of intervention and ‘ control',respectively.For the intervention area,the quantity of available resources increased from 2to 3 and the quantity of used resources increased from 1 to 3 (both P＜0.001),while the area of control had a downward trend for both quantities.For the ratios of well-readiness for smoking counseling,in the intervention area were 35.5％,52.0％ before and after intervention (P＜0.001),while the ‘controlled' area they were 28.1％,39.3％,respectively (P=0.162).A slight increase was seen in the intervention area for the proportion of the medical staff who had been provided smoking cessation counseling,as ≥90％ patients (including asking smoking status,announcing risks related to the risks of smoking and advising smoking cessation programs etc.),while the proportion decreased in the area of ‘control'.The improvement of preparedness would promote medical staff to ask their patients about smoking status (OR=1.43,P=0.007),while all factors as a whole would not influence the medical staff to inform patients about the danger of smoking and advice patients to quit smoking.Conclusion Comprehensive community-based interventions could increase the opportunities for medical staff to acquire and utilize smoking cessation resources to some extent,as well as promote those staff' s preparedness.However,intervention itself might fail to improve the behavior of providing such services.Support that came from the policy or from the institutions also need to be strengthened.
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Objective To explore the level of physical activities (PA) and related influencing factors among junior high school personnel in Hangzhou. Methods In a cross sectional study,a self administered questionnaire was used to assess the levels of PA. Kruskal-Wallis H test and ordinal regression were applied to analyze the related factors. Results Among the 1 497 school personnel included in this study,prevalence rates on the low,moderate and high levels of PA were 40.8%,40.6%and 18.6%,respectively. Data from the multinomial logistic regression analysis indicated that:when comparing with the low level,people aged ≥45(OR=1.576,95%CI:1.128-2.201) or those having minor perceived stress(OR=1.490,95%CI:1.141-1.946)more likely to fall into the moderate level. However,factors as higher awareness scores on the benefit of PA(OR=1.070, 95%CI:1.002-1.143),being male(OR=3.088,95%CI:2.162-4.409),always or very often taking PA together with colleagues(OR=2.903,95%CI:1.587-5.312),taking PA once in a while together with colleagues(OR=1.900,95%CI:1.160-3.110)or having space to walk around home(OR=1.657, 95%CI:1.022-2.688) would increase the likelihood of having high PA level. However,factors as marital status,socioeconomic status,years of working at school,BMI,level of having received education and positive impact from colleagues etc. did not seem to have significantly related to the PA level. Conclusion Gender,age,stress from work and supportive environment should be taken into account while planning on promoting the PA level among junior high school personnel in Hangzhou.
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Objective To explore the level of physical activities (PA) and related influencing factors among junior high school personnel in Hangzhou. Methods In a cross sectional study,a self administered questionnaire was used to assess the levels of PA. Kruskal-Wallis H test and ordinal regression were applied to analyze the related factors. Results Among the 1 497 school personnel included in this study,prevalence rates on the low,moderate and high levels of PA were 40.8%,40.6%and 18.6%,respectively. Data from the multinomial logistic regression analysis indicated that:when comparing with the low level,people aged ≥45(OR=1.576,95%CI:1.128-2.201) or those having minor perceived stress(OR=1.490,95%CI:1.141-1.946)more likely to fall into the moderate level. However,factors as higher awareness scores on the benefit of PA(OR=1.070, 95%CI:1.002-1.143),being male(OR=3.088,95%CI:2.162-4.409),always or very often taking PA together with colleagues(OR=2.903,95%CI:1.587-5.312),taking PA once in a while together with colleagues(OR=1.900,95%CI:1.160-3.110)or having space to walk around home(OR=1.657, 95%CI:1.022-2.688) would increase the likelihood of having high PA level. However,factors as marital status,socioeconomic status,years of working at school,BMI,level of having received education and positive impact from colleagues etc. did not seem to have significantly related to the PA level. Conclusion Gender,age,stress from work and supportive environment should be taken into account while planning on promoting the PA level among junior high school personnel in Hangzhou.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the level of physical activities (PA) and related influencing factors among junior high school personnel in Hangzhou.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In a cross sectional study, a self administered questionnaire was used to assess the levels of PA. Kruskal-Wallis H test and ordinal regression were applied to analyze the related factors.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among the 1 497 school personnel included in this study, prevalence rates on the low, moderate and high levels of PA were 40.8%, 40.6% and 18.6%, respectively. Data from the multinomial logistic regression analysis indicated that:when comparing with the low level, people aged ≥ 45 (OR = 1.576, 95% CI:1.128-2.201) or those having minor perceived stress (OR = 1.490, 95% CI:1.141-1.946) more likely to fall into the moderate level. However, factors as higher awareness scores on the benefit of PA (OR = 1.070, 95%CI:1.002-1.143), being male (OR = 3.088, 95%CI:2.162-4.409), always or very often taking PA together with colleagues (OR = 2.903, 95%CI:1.587-5.312), taking PA once in a while together with colleagues (OR = 1.900, 95%CI:1.160-3.110) or having space to walk around home (OR = 1.657, 95% CI:1.022-2.688) would increase the likelihood of having high PA level. However, factors as marital status, socioeconomic status, years of working at school, BMI, level of having received education and positive impact from colleagues etc. did not seem to have significantly related to the PA level.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Gender, age, stress from work and supportive environment should be taken into account while planning on promoting the PA level among junior high school personnel in Hangzhou.</p>
الموضوعات
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , China , Cross-Sectional Studies , Exercise , Faculty , Logistic Models , Surveys and Questionnairesالملخص
Objective To explore the effects of minimally invasive technique in the treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis.Methods 80 lumbar spinal stenosis patients were divided into the observation group and control group,40 cases in each group,who were informed consent under the premise of the stochastic averaging grouping.The two groups were treated with microscopic invasive technology and traditional posterior bilateral fenestration decompression,and the therapeutic effect of two groups were compared.Results The average operation time of the observation group (36.2 ± 4.1) rain was obviously shorter than that of the control group (41.4 ± 5.7) min (t =2.719,P ＜ 0.05) ; the average amount of bleeding of the observation group (51.6 ± 7.3) ml was significantly lower than that of the control group(101 ± 11.7) ml(P ＜ 0.05) ; the two groups of patients before treatment JOA score had no significant difference after treatment,follow-up,JOA scores of the two groups increased significantly,the observation group increased significantly compared with the control group (P ＜ 0.05) ; the treatment group 19 cases of excellent,good in 17 cases,the excellent and good rate was 90％,control group 13 cases of excellent,good in 16 cases,the excellent and good rate was 72.5 ％,the treatment group was better than the control group (x2 =6.594,P ＜ 0.05) ; the observation group did not appear obvious postoperative complications occurred in 3 cases,the control group of nerve root injury,1 cases of intervertebral space infection,2 cases of incision leakage,the incidence of complications was 15％,observation complication rate was significantly lower than that of the control group (x2 =3.357,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The microscopic invasive technique for the treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis has a good curative effect,small trauma,high safety,which is conducive to improve the prognosis of patients,can gradually replace the traditional posterior bilateral fenestration decompression.
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Objective To discuss the effects of triangle limited fixation by Russian external fixator for proximal and distal tibiofibular fractures. Methods From December 2005 to December 2007, 54 patients with tibiofibular fractures were managed with close reduction and triangle limited fixation by Russian external fixator. They were 48 males and 6 females, aged from 18 to 54 years (average, 34 years). By AO classification, there were two cases of type 41-C3 (one complicated with type 43-B2 and one with type 43-A3), 17 cases of 42-A, 13 cases of 42-B, 12 cases of 42-C, 5 cases of 43-B, and 5 cases of 43-C.Twenty-six cases were open injury (by Gustilo classification, type Ⅱ in 13, type ⅢA in 10, type ⅢC in 3),and 28 closed injury (by Tscherne classification, grade Ⅰ in 8 and grade Ⅱ in 20). Results Follow-ups of 50 patients revealed that the fractures healed from 2 to 6 months (average, 3 months). Swelling subsided in just one week in the 28 patients with close injury. Of the 26 patients with open injury, 24 obtained primary healing of wounds, one obtained wound healing 4 weeks after changes of dressing, and one suffered amputation. No malfunctions were found in this group. One case had nonunion which was healed after change to single-ann external fixation. Conclusion Triangle limited fixation by Russian external fixator can be applied in the treatment of complex tibiofibular fractures.
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The change of PNA receptors on the surface of thymocytes in protein deficient mice was investigated. After the mice were fed with protein deficient diet, the body weight continuously declined and the thymus gradually a-trophied. Qualitative test of FITC-PNA indicated the number of PNA positive cells was reduced and the fluorescent antibody reaction on the surface of PNA positive cells weakened. Quantitative test of FITC-PNA showed the amount of FITC-PNA coupled on the surface of PNA positive cells was mark- edly decreased as compared with the cotrol (P