الملخص
In the context of the current era when different civilizations are learning from each other， traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） needs to continuously draw the essence from modern scientific and technological civilization for creative inheritance and innovative development. It is essential to master the classic texts of TCM to solidify its theoretical foundation， while also read extensively to broaden the academic horizons. TCM's inheritance and innovation should be integrated with the current era's context and social reality， and delve into the essence of TCM's academic experience and clinical practice. Emphasis should be placed on the inheritance of original TCM thinking， and return to the original image creation and transformation. Using image thinking as the main approach， and combined it with modern complex systems science and front-edge methodologies， we could elaborate the TCM theories such as correspondence between nature and human， five circuits and six qi， constitution and endowment， and harmony of body and spirit. The training of academic talents must be at the forefront， closely follow the new trends of the development of contemporary scientific and technological civilization， identify the “pain points” of discipline development， focus on the key areas for improvement， and seek the highlights of academic research. There should be a courage to question and propose new insights， construct new concepts， establish new theories， transform the weakness in original theoretical innovation， and enrich the evolving connotation of TCM.
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The setting and adjustment of ventilator parameters need to rely on a large amount of clinical data and rich experience. This paper explored the problem of difficult decision-making of ventilator parameters due to the time-varying and sudden changes of clinical patient's state, and proposed an expert knowledge-based strategies for ventilator parameter setting and stepless adaptive adjustment based on fuzzy control rule and neural network. Based on the method and the real-time physiological state of clinical patients, we generated a mechanical ventilation decision-making solution set with continuity and smoothness, and automatically provided explicit parameter adjustment suggestions to medical personnel. This method can solve the problems of low control precision and poor dynamic quality of the ventilator's stepwise adjustment, handle multi-input control decision problems more rationally, and improve ventilation comfort for patients.
الموضوعات
Humans , Ventilators, Mechanical , Respiration, Artificial , Neural Networks, Computerالملخص
2019 novel coronavirus(2019-nCoV) outbreak is one of the public health emergency of international concern.Since the 2019-nCoV outbreak, China has been adopting strict prevention and control measures, and has achieved remarkable results in the initial stage of prevention and control.However, some imported cases and sporadic regional cases have been found, and even short-term regional epidemics have occurred, indicating that the preventing and control against the epidemic remains grim.With the change of the incidence proportion and the number of cases in children under 18 years old, some new special symptoms and complications have appeared in children patients.In addition, with the occurrence of virus mutation, it has not only attracted attention from all parties, but also proposed a new topic for the prevention and treatment of 2019-nCoV infection in children of China.Based on the second edition, the present consensus further summarizes the clinical characteristics and experience of children′s cases, and puts forward recommendations on the diagnostic criteria, laboratory examination, treatment, prevention and control of children′s cases for providing reference for further guidance of treatment of 2019-nCoV infection in children.
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Based on the subtle discussion of changing rules and its principles of Six Qi movement recorded by one chapter named Liu Wei Zhi Da Lun in the Huang Di Nei Jing Su Wen about rules of Heaven divided by Six, Six Qi and year evolutive phase, Six Qi dominating the time, and guest climatic Qi adding to fixed host Qi, etc, this article explained the changes of influence of Heaven space-time on the human body from the angle of image thinking, focused on the key point of humanity conforming to the nature of the core of Chinese philosophy, and appealed readers to come back to the original thinking of China-image thinking.
الملخص
Objective To investigate the protective effect of fibrauretin injection against acute lung injury induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in mice.Methods Seventy-two healthy male adult Kunming mice were randomly divided into 6 goups:normal control group,LPS group (intratracheal instilation of 5 mg/kg of LPS),hydrocortisone group (intraperitoneal injection of 3.3 mg/kg of hydrocortisone,once daily for 3 days,and intratracheal instilation of 5 mg/kg of LPS on the 4th day) and low dose,medium dose and high dose of fibrauretin groups (intraperitoneal injection of 2,10 and 50 mg/kg of fibrauretin,respectively,once daily for 3 days,and intratracheal instilation of 5 mg/kg of LPS on the 4th day).The mice in each group were sacrificed by dislocation 24 h after intratracheal instilation of LPS.The lung tissues of partial mice in each group were extracted and weighed to calculate the lung coefficients,and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed in partial mice in each group to collect the BALF for counting the inflammatory cells.Results The lung cofficients of mice in LPS group were significantly higher than those in the normal control group (P＜0.05).The lung cofficients of mice in hydrocortisone group,low dose,medium dose and high dose of fibrauretin groups were significantly lower than those in LPS group (P ＜ 0.05).For the percentage of inflammatory cells in BALF and the percentage of neutrophils in inflammatory cells,LPS group was significantly higher than the normal control group (P＜0.01),and compared with LPS group,hydrocortisone group,low dose,medium dose and high dose of fibrauretin groups were significantly decreased (P＜0.01).Conclusion Fibrauretin injection can significantly ameliorate the inflammatory reaction degree in mice with acute lung injury induced by LPS.
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Objective To analyze the research directions and research status of main academic teams of TCM treatment for ulcerative colitis in the recent 15 years.Methods Articles about TCM treatment for ulcerative colitis from Jan. 2000 to Dec. 2015 in CNKI were searched. Articles were screened by inclusion and exclusion criteria, and then publication time and research institutes were under metrology analysis. According to Price Law and comprehensive indexes, core authors were indentified. The NetDraw2.118 social network was applied to establish author co-occurrence matrix, build core author relationship network and screen academic teams. Combined with typical articles, main research fields and research status of main academic teams were analyzed.Results3658 were included from 6365 articles. 33 core authors in the filed of TCM treatment for ulcerative colitis were identified, belonging to 5 academic teams with relatively higher academic influence: Wu Huangan team, Shenhong team, Wang Hongxia team, Liu Yihua team and Zhang Yansheng team. Each team proposed unique diagnosis and treatment methods.Conclusion Academic teams of TCM treatment for ulcerative colitis have inherited and promoted TCM theories and formed unique academic system in clinical practice and research.
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Aim Tongluoxingnao effervescent tablets ( TLXNET) ,based on the ancient formula of QiongGui Tang, can improve cognitive dysfunction in different AD models. This research is aimed to study the effects of TLXNET on the Aβmetabolism and explore the anti-AD mechanism in SH-SY5 Y-APP and SH-SY5 Y-C99 cells. Methods Cells were incubated for 48h in dif-ferent concentrations of medicated serum ( containing 0% ~40% of TLXNET in the serum ) . Firstly, the non-toxic concentration was measured by MTT assay, the activity of cells was detected by LDH methods, and ELISA was used to measure the levels of Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-42 . Then, the gene and protein expressions of APP were detected via RT-PCR and Western blot of which the expressions of shearing fragments such as sAPPα and sAPPβ were investigated by Western blot, the same as the expressions of IDE and NEP. Addi-tionally, the level of mRNA, protein and activity of BACE1 were measured by qRT-PCR, Western blot and fluorescence detection kits respectively. Eventually, MTT assay was performed to detect the cell viability after the SH - SY 5 Y cells were treated with various concentrations of medicated serum and Aβ25-35 for 48h. Results There was no significant toxicity of TLXNET medicated serum in SH-SY5 Y-APP and SH-SY5 Y-C99 cells ( P >0 . 05 ) . TLXNET could signifi-cantly inhibit Aβ secretion in SH-SY5 Y-APP cells ( P0. 05). Additionally, TLXNET could still notably inhibit the expression of sAPPβ pro-tein in a dose-dependent way, with statistical signifi-cance ( P <0. 05 ) . Meanwhile, the level of mRNA, protein and activity of BACE1 were also significantly decreased by TLXNET (P <0. 01). Moreover, the medicated serum of TLXNET had a protective effect on SH-SY5 Y apoptosis induced by Aβ25-35 ( P <0 . 01 ) . Conclusion TLXNET could obviously inhibit β-secretase enzyme, and has an antagonistic effect a-gainst Aβneurotoxicity, which suggests that the inhibi-tion of β-secretase enzyme and antagonism against Aβneurotoxicity are the main anti-AD mechanism of TLX-NET .
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Objective To explore characteristics of the elements of syndrome, the disease position and the relationship between chemical indicators and TCM syndromes of type 2 diabetic encephalopathy. Methods 2 501 cases of type 2 diabetes clinical data were collected from Guang'anmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Dongzhimen Hospital, Dongfang Hospital, etc. in nearly 3 years, among which, 342 cases were type 2 diabetic encephalopathy. The original clinical data were double entried in epidata by two people, establishment forms in excel, factor analysis and Bayesian networks were used as data mining research methods. Results 20 elements which characteristic root more than 1 were derived by factor analysis, 68.4% were covered. Of all 20 elements, five factors belong to Yin, five factors belong to blood stasis; lassitude, shortness of breath, stool frequency were appeared when fasting glucose abnormalities; lassitude, hemiplegia were appeared when 2-hour postprandial blood glucose abnormalities;lassitude, feverish palms and soles, stool frequency, more nocturnal enuresis when glycated hemoglobin abnormalities by Bayesian networks. Conclusion The Elements of the syndrome of type 2 diabetes encephalopathy were deficiency of Yin and blood stasis; and the main positions for diabetic patients were liver, spleen and kidney. Patients with impaired fasting glucose were Qi deficiency; Patients with impaired 2-hour postprandial glucose were Qi deficiency or pathogenic wind attacking collaterals; Patients with abnormal hemoglobin were Qi deficiency and Yin deficiency.
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For the purpose of stabilizing and enhancing the clinical effect, the author suggested that it should develop the key technology of integrated innovation research such as origin producing area processing technology, medicinal parts and energy-saving rapid drying technology, process control technology, quality evaluation key technology, packaging and bar code identification technology to establish the quality assurance system of processed Chinese medicine, which is the key to ensure the clinical effect of traditional Chinese medicine.
الموضوعات
Humans , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Reference Standards , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Reference Standards , Quality Control , Technology, Pharmaceuticalالملخص
Drug risk assessment and management is an important measure for reducing the adverse drug reaction and enhancing medication safety of the patient. Based on the concepts of drug risk assessment and risk management, and domestic and international drug risk management situation, this paper discusses the risk management of post-marketing Chinese medicine.
الموضوعات
Humans , Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems , Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Product Surveillance, Postmarketing , Methods , Risk Assessment , Methods , Risk Factorsالملخص
Vascular dementia (VaD) is the second common subtype of dementia after Alzheimer's disease. However, there is still a lack of medication that demonstrates clinically relevant symptomatic improvement. Static blood obstructing the brain is the main Chinese medicine syndrome of VaD.
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This paper describes the digital earth technology and its core technology-"3S" integration technology. The advance and promotion of the "3S" technology provide more favorable means and technical support for Chinese medicine resources survey, evaluation and appropriate zoning. Grid is a mature and popular technology that can connect all kinds of information resources. The author sums up the application of digital earth technology in the research of traditional Chinese medicine resources in recent years, and proposes the new method and technical route of investigation in traditional Chinese medicine resources, traditional Chinese medicine zoning and suitability assessment by combining the digital earth technology and grid.
الموضوعات
Conservation of Natural Resources , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Methods , Research , Satellite Communications , Technologyالملخص
The purpose of post-marketing Chinese medicine re-evaluation is to identify Chinese medicine clinical indications, while designing scientific and rational of Chinese medicine symptoms items are important to the result of symptoms re-evaluation. This study give screening of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) symptoms item of post-marketing medicine Xuezhikang re-evaluation as example that reference to principle dyslipidemia clinical research, academic dissertations, Xuezhikang directions, clinical expert practice experience etc. while standardization those symptom names and screening 41 dyslipidemia common symptoms. Furthermore, this paper discuss about the accoerdance and announcements when screening symptoms item, so as to providing a research thread to manufacture PRO chart for post-marketing medicine re-evaluation.
الموضوعات
Humans , Hypoglycemic Agents , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Product Surveillance, Postmarketingالملخص
The post-marketed reassessment is an important link to ensure the safety and effectiveness of traditional chinese medicine. It is also the expansion and stretch of new drug evaluation. Through the systematic, standard, rigorous post-marketed reassessment, the enterprise can full access to drugs after listing the efficacy and safety information, evaluate the interests and risk of the drug and provide the scientific basis for the drug use. It can also provide timely, scientific technology basis for government health decisions, the enterprise marketing decision and public health security. This paper mainly discussed the thought on clinical orientation of traditional chinese medicine in the post-marketed reassessment and how to reach the goal through systematic consideration and overall plan.
الموضوعات
Humans , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Product Surveillance, Postmarketingالملخص
Computerizing extracting information from Chinese medicine literature seems more convenient than hand searching, which could simplify searching process and improve the accuracy. However, many computerized auto-extracting methods are increasingly used, regular expression is so special that could be efficient for extracting useful information in research. This article focused on regular expression applying in extracting information from Chinese medicine literature. Two practical examples were reported in this article about regular expression to extract "case number (non-terminology)" and "efficacy rate (subgroups for related information identification)", which explored how to extract information in Chinese medicine literature by means of some special research method.
الموضوعات
Artificial Intelligence , Information Storage and Retrieval , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Product Surveillance, Postmarketingالملخص
Anaphylaxis is the most common adverse reaction caused by traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) injection, the most serious of which is type I, so post-marketed safety re-evaluation is necessary. Skin test can be used to screen type I allergy reaction, which is of great significance for TCM injection safe use. Skin test is not only able to find the population sensitization situation of TCM injection, but also is a way of understanding the mechanism of allergy reaction. TCM injection varieties that often occur type I anaphylaxis are applicable to skin test, and study population include healthy volunteers and patients whose disease is listed in the drug specification, intracutaneous test and prick test are the alternative method. The concentration of skin-test solution may influence the positive rate of skin test, penicillin skin-test solution preparation method can be used as the reference in TCM injection. Different doses of TCM injection skin-test solution,glucose injection and normal saline, histamine hydrochloride are comprised in comparison. Given the characteristics of type I allergy reaction,we should be pay close attention to skin test reaction in half an hour, and observation index need be designed based on post-marketed re-evaluation of clinical safety.
الموضوعات
Humans , Drug Hypersensitivity , Diagnosis , Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions , Injections , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Skin Tests , Methodsالملخص
Adverse drug reaction induced by injection of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) often occurs. Post-marketed re-evaluation of clinical safety in injection of TCM is indispensable,in order to solve the clinical safety problems. It is necessary to conduct Phase 0 clinical trials for containing toxic medicine and injection of TCM. Phase 0 clinical trials, involving very limited human exposure, and using microdose of drugs, are intended to collect the necessary safety and pharmacokinetic data in limited period. Microdose reflects allergies of injection of TCM. Phase 0 clinical trials provide a new method for post-marketed re-evaluation of safety in injection of TCM. Its use depends on whether there is a safety problem for injection of TCM,and the determination of initial dose and sample size are key questions in study design.
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Humans , Clinical Trials as Topic , Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions , Injections , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Product Surveillance, Postmarketingالملخص
Yuxingcao injection was suspended by China State Food and Drug Administration in 2006 for its severe adverse reaction in clinical practice. Althoug there are many real factors resulted in Yuxingcao injection's adverse reaction, some confounding factors should not be ignored. This study searched different kinds of related literatures and found out irregularity in defining dosage, disuses courses, indications and administration approach, which were the potential factors that caused the reported adverse drug reaction for Yuxingcao injection. And 97.8% adverse drug reaction in Yuxingcao injection happened 30 minutes after patients received administion, hence, observing patients'reaction in the first 30 minutes should be very important to prevent severe adverse drug reaction.
الموضوعات
Humans , Drug Therapy, Combination , Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Injectionsالملخص
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore different opinions in different people about Chinese patent medicine, Xiaoke pill, in post-marketing surveillance.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Effectiveness, safety and cost of Xiaoke pill treating diabetes were investigated by clinical experts, clinical professionals and patients about mellitus.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Both consensus and different views were found in the three subgroups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Xiaoke pill has a good effectiveness with few adverse reactions. However compared with other advanced anti-diabetes mellitus, Xiaoke pill is now earning a big market in hospital in small cities and population with low income. Hence it is necessary to re-evaluate post-marketing Xiaoke pill for more evidences about effectiveness and safety.</p>
الموضوعات
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 , Drug Therapy , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Product Surveillance, Postmarketingالملخص
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study whether there is a causal relationship between the Xiaoke pill and patients' adverse reactions (ADs), and to understand the prevention methods for the ADs.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>ADs were evaluated blindly through consulting experts' advice.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>81.48% process descriptions on ADs of Xiaoke Pill were clear, 68.52% reports provided enough information on process of ADs, 77.78% of ADs were related with Xiaoke Pill, and 93.33% ADs can be prevented.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Most of ADs are related with Xiaoke pill, and can be prevented through strengthening education on drug use knowledge, strictly indications for taking Xiaoke Pill, adjusting dosage carefully, and controlling drugs combination.</p>